Development and Dissemination of Integrated Crop
Management (ICM) Technologies for Management of Biotic
and Abiotic Stresses affecting Common Bean in PABRA
Abang M.M.; Chirwa R.C.; Rubyogo J.C.; and Mukankusi, C.M.
Introduction Methodologies
Integrated crop management (ICM) is
a system of crop production which Testing of promising technologies: Several IPDM/
conserves and enhances natural re- ISFM technologies were tested on-station and on farm
sources while producing food on an in different PABRA countries. They include: use of
economically viable and sustainable
quality improved varieties, staking techniques for
foundation. The common bean is sen-
climbing beans, botanical pesticides management of
sitive to many biotic and abiotic con- storage pests, intercropping, varietal mixtures, pesti-
straints. Amongst them, low soil fertility cide application, organic and inorganic fertilizers, etc
and drought are most widely distrib- (Table 1). Several technologies have been validated
uted abiotic stresses. Deficiencies in with farmers, e.g. tithonia and manure amendments;
soil nitrogen, phosphorous (P) and
N, P and K application, staking options for climbing
zinc and toxicities of aluminum and
beans; ISFM treatment combination on snap bean;
manganese are particularly limiting. Testing the use of Rhizobium inoculum (Biofix ) to
and integrated management options for major dis-
Pests and diseases are the major eases, bean stem maggot and bean bruchids
increase N fixation in Kenya (courtesy KARI-Thika)
biotic constraints. They include: bean (Zabrotes subfasciatus).
stem maggot, foliage beetles, aphids,
beetles, flower thrips, common white- Table 1. Technologies tested or validated 2009-2010
fly, leaf hoppers, cutworms, pod bor- in some PABRA countries
ers, pod-sucking bugs, common bacte-
rial blight, angular leaf spot, rust, bean Technologies being tested/ Country
common mosaic virus (BCMV), halo v alidated
Staking techniques Rwanda, Burundi,
blight, anthracnose, ascochyta blight
and root rot. Botanicals pesticides (Tephrosia, DRC, Tanzania, Uganda
Neem, etc)
Inorganic pesticides Tanzania
Staking options being tested in Rwanda
Diseases management in the intercrop- DRC, Ethiopia
ping systems
Technology Delivery: The delivery of improved va-
rieties and complementary technologies integrated Combination varieties and supplemen- Ethiopia, Tanzania,
bean production technologies to farmers is a knowl- tary pesticides Uganda
edge intensive, expensive, and a slow and tedious Organic (Tithonia, FYM) and inorganic Burundi, DRC, Tanza-
process. Two approaches were utilized to increase fertilizers nia, Sudan, Zambia
access to ISFM/IPDM technologies:
Optimum spatial arrangements and Ethiopia
population densities for different seed
1) A deliberate promot ion and delivery of improved sizes and growth habits of common
varieties and ICM technologies as a single package: bean:
Partnership among different players has been key in the N inoculation and P- fertilizer Kenya,
A bean field infested by multiple pests and
diseases. dissemination of these technologies. In the bean grow-
Crop rotation Zambia
ing regions of Ethiopia, about 30 different partner organi-
Increasing bean productivity is a major zation representing research, extension, CBOs, NGOs,
pre-occupation for farmers and a driv- farmers’ union, seed companies/private farms and indi-
ing force for farm level innovation. To vidual seed growing farmers are collaborating in the de-
enhance farm productivity, farmers livery of improved bean varieties (based on foundation
need to have access to and use inte- seed provided by the national bean research program to
grated bean production practices that primary partners) and integrated bean production tech-
combine quality seed of improved
varieties, integrated pest and disease 2) Engaging policy and government decision-makers
Management (IPDM), and integrated to harness policies (including input support system)
soil fertility management (ISFM) tech- to deliver ICM technologies to bean farmers: Agricul-
nologies. The Pan Africa Bean Re- tural policies which are conducive to increased bean
search Alliance (PABRA) develops, productivity were implemented in a number of PABRA
evaluates and disseminates IPDM and countries (e.g. Ethiopia, Rwanda, Malawi, Tanzania (S)
ISFM technologies to improve bean by the government extension, NARs and other PABRA
productivity across sub-Saharan Af- partners to promote ICM and disseminate improved seed
along with complementary technologies. Use of mineral P-fertilizer at planting in Kenya
rica. This poster presents PABRA’s
No. % No. % Fe- Total Achievements:
Country Year Male Male Female male access
107,914 70 46,249 30 • Joint promotion of improved seed and ICM technolo-
Ethiopia 2009 154,163
128,140 75 42,713 25
gies has contributed to increased farmer access to
2010 170,853 seed of improved varieties, ISFM and IPDM technolo-
95,709 55 78309 45 gies. (see table 2)
S. Tz 2009 174,018
82,921 45 101,348 55
• Farmer access was greatly facilitated by enabling poli-
2010 184,269 cies recently implemented in countries such as
35,577 30 83,013 70 Rwanda, Ethiopia and Malawi.
Uganda 2009 118,590
64,188 70 27,509 30
• In countries where similar technology delivery strate-
2010 91,697 gies were not used progress has been slow and there
73,590 44 94,900 56 has been limited access of ICM practices by farmers.
Rwanda 2009 168,490
202,692 69 90,150 31
• So far, 1.83 million HHs or 36.6% of the 5 million
2010 292,842 households expected to be reached by 2013 have ac-
149,529 54 126,773 46 cessed IPDM/ISFM technologies, 42% of them being
Malawi 2009 276,302 women (Table 2).
2010 115,384 58 83,659 42
199,043
For more information: m.abang@cgiar.org
1,055,64 1,830,2
Total 4 58 774,623 42 67