Beans and Eco-efficiency in a Changing Environment Any real change? Or old wine in new bottles?

Our mission: FOOD SECURITY INCOME GENERATION

Now… FOOD SECURITY INCOME GENERATION Eco- efficiency

Or… FOOD SECURITY INCOME GENERATION ECO-EFFICIENCY

Gene pools of Common Bean Tertiary pool P. lunatus P. acutifolius = Wild and cultivated forms P. parvifolius Secondary pool P. coccineus - P. dumosus W C P. vulgaris W C Primary pool Mesoamerican Andean P. costaricensis W W P. vulgaris W C W C W C W C W C W C

Common Bean…often associated with higher human population

Lines with 40-80% more iron Meso-American (interspecific) Andean FEB 226-parent

Energy use for Food - USA Source: University of Michigan, Center for Sustainable Systems ( http://www.umich.edu/~css ) Processing (15.8%) Agricultural production (20.8%) Home preparation (19%) Home refrigeration (12.7%) Transport (13.9%) Food retail (4.0%) Restaurants (6.9%) Packaging (6.9%)

Andy Jarvis’ ever-popular Stipple map (Drier) mm day -1 (Wetter)

P. dumosus Rain-tolerant interspecific lines ( 1200 mm in 90 days ) FEB 226-parent

Climate change and Drought (Drier) mm day -1 (Wetter)

IMPROVED DROUGHT RESISTANCE (GCP / TL-1 / TL-2 / BMZ / RedSICTA) = + Good Grain Filling Deep roots

Yield potential (kg/ha) of drought resistant Mesoamerican lines *, ** = significant at P=0.05, 0.01 Our hypothesis: Some drought resistance genes contribute to plant yield efficiency, and are useful across environments Drought Favorable environments Days to mature PAL QUIL POP SER 102 888* 3352 3069* 2035 71** SER 109 1107* 3185 2286 2238* 71** SER 113 1025** 3710* 3195** 2253* 73** Check 347 3081 2505 1626 76

Yield potential of drought-selected Andean beans (Daríén, 1400 masl)

Aluminum resistance: Improving common bean with P. coccineus* * Ph.D. thesis, Louis Butare, ISAR, Rwanda 25 cm P. coccineus SER 16 SER 16 x (SER 16 x G35346)

An experienced team in root biology

Muchas gracias Bio-fortified Beans