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Promoting gender equality in
rural climate services
Tatiana Gumucio, Ph.D.
International Research Institute for Climate & Society (IRI)
Outline
I. Background to rural climate services
II. Planning for gender challenges
III. M&E for gender equality in rural climate services
Gender challenges
• Groups and
peer networks
• Sources and
formats
Access
• Information
relevance
• Capacities to
act
Use
Benefit
Gender challenges
• Groups and
peer
networks
Access
Use
Benefit
Access to group processes
• Sociocultural norms that limit
public interactions between
women and men
• Biases in group membership
criteria
• Partner with women’s groups
• Schedule trainings to
accommodate women’s limited
mobility and work schedules
Considerations Actions
Gender challenges
• Groups and peer
networks
• Sources and
formats
Access
Use
Benefit
Access to sources and formats
• Significance of source proximity
to the village to enhance
women’s access
• Inequalities in access to
financial resources to purchase
communication assets
• Gender differences in education
level and literacy
• Household care work can limit
women’s time available to listen
to radio programs
• Use different types of locally
relevant sources and formats
available
• Identify key contacts in the
community to share information
• Ensure that ICT or media-based
channels are time-saving for
women
Considerations Actions
Gender challenges
• Groups and
peer networks
• Sources and
formats
Access • Information
relevance
Use
Benefit
Differences in climate information
relevance
• Differential control of resources
and climate-sensitive decisions
• Varying needs for weather and
climate information
• Target information products to
women’s and men’s needs
Considerations Actions
Gender challenges
• Groups and
peer networks
• Sources and
formats
Access • Information
relevance
• Capacities to
act
Use
Benefit
Differences in capacity to act
• Gender gap in access/control
over key productive resources
• Socio-cultural norms can
prevent women from
participating in climate-sensitive
decision-making
• Identify how norms and
institutions influence
participation/benefit from a
project
• Partner with local organizations
engaged in social change
processes
Considerations Actions
Datasets for gender-aware M&E
Gender-based
challenge
Monitor Evaluate
Access to group
processes
 Whether or not women and men belong
to groups
 What types of groups
 Extent of access to weather and climate
information through them
Promotion of group processes that
enable women and men to access
weather and climate information
Access to local sources
and formats
 Gender inequalities in access to local
sources and formats of weather and
climate information
 Sources and formats that women and
men use the most for accessing weather
and climate-related information
 Availability of channels and
formats that permit women’s
and men’s access to weather
and climate information
 Gender inequalities in
awareness of weather and
climate information
Information relevance
and capacity to act on
information
 Gender differences in demand for
weather and climate information
products
 Gender differences in participation in
agricultural decision-making
 Gender differences in access to
productive resources necessary to act
on information
Gender differences in usefulness of
weather and climate information
content for livelihoods decision-
making.
Participation in decision-
making
Gender differences in participation
in agricultural decision-making
Datasets for gender-aware M&E
Gender-based
challenge
Monitor Evaluate
Access to group
processes
 Whether or not women and men belong
to groups
 What types of groups
 Extent of access to weather and climate
information through them
Promotion of group processes that
enable women and men to access
weather and climate information
Access to local sources
and formats
 Gender inequalities in access to local
sources and formats of weather and
climate information
 Sources and formats that women and
men use the most for accessing weather
and climate-related information
 Availability of channels and
formats that permit women’s
and men’s access to weather
and climate information
 Gender inequalities in
awareness of weather and
climate information
Information relevance
and capacity to act on
information
 Gender differences in demand for
weather and climate information
products
 Gender differences in participation in
agricultural decision-making
 Gender differences in access to
productive resources necessary to act
on information
Gender differences in usefulness of
weather and climate information
content for livelihoods decision-
making.
Participation in decision-
making
Gender differences in participation
in agricultural decision-making
Datasets for gender-aware M&E
Gender-based
challenge
Monitor Evaluate
Access to group
processes
 Whether or not women and men belong
to groups
 What types of groups
 Extent of access to weather and climate
information through them
Promotion of group processes that
enable women and men to access
weather and climate information
Access to local sources
and formats
 Gender inequalities in access to local
sources and formats of weather and
climate information
 Sources and formats that women and
men use the most for accessing weather
and climate-related information
 Availability of channels and
formats that permit women’s
and men’s access to weather
and climate information
 Gender inequalities in
awareness of weather and
climate information
Information relevance
and capacity to act on
information
 Gender differences in demand for
weather and climate information
products
 Gender differences in participation in
agricultural decision-making
 Gender differences in access to
productive resources necessary to act
on information
Gender differences in usefulness of
weather and climate information
content for livelihoods decision-
making.
Participation in decision-
making
Gender differences in participation
in agricultural decision-making
Datasets for gender-aware M&E
Gender-based
challenge
Monitor Evaluate
Access to group
processes
 Whether or not women and men belong
to groups
 What types of groups
 Extent of access to weather and climate
information through them
Promotion of group processes that
enable women and men to access
weather and climate information
Access to local sources
and formats
 Gender inequalities in access to local
sources and formats of weather and
climate information
 Sources and formats that women and
men use the most for accessing weather
and climate-related information
 Availability of channels and
formats that permit women’s
and men’s access to weather
and climate information
 Gender inequalities in
awareness of weather and
climate information
Information relevance
and capacity to act on
information
 Gender differences in demand for
weather and climate information
products
 Gender differences in participation in
agricultural decision-making
 Gender differences in access to
productive resources necessary to act
on information
Gender differences in usefulness of
weather and climate information
content for livelihoods decision-
making.
Participation in decision-
making
Gender differences in participation
in agricultural decision-making
Datasets for gender-aware M&E
Gender-based
challenge
Monitor Evaluate
Access to group
processes
 Whether or not women and men belong
to groups
 What types of groups
 Extent of access to weather and climate
information through them
Promotion of group processes that
enable women and men to access
weather and climate information
Access to local sources
and formats
 Gender inequalities in access to local
sources and formats of weather and
climate information
 Sources and formats that women and
men use the most for accessing weather
and climate-related information
 Availability of channels and
formats that permit women’s
and men’s access to weather
and climate information
 Gender inequalities in
awareness of weather and
climate information
Information relevance
and capacity to act on
information
 Gender differences in demand for
weather and climate information
products
 Gender differences in participation in
agricultural decision-making
 Gender differences in access to
productive resources necessary to act
on information
Gender differences in usefulness of
weather and climate information
content for livelihoods decision-
making.
Participation in decision-
making
Gender differences in participation
in agricultural decision-making
Recommendations for M&E
• Collect information on key gender trends that influence
inequalities in access and use
Recommendations for M&E
• Collect information on key gender trends that influence
inequalities in access and use
• Use mixed methods
Recommendations for M&E
• Collect information on key gender trends that influence
inequalities in access and use
• Use mixed methods
• Include women’s empowerment indicators according to
the project’s expected outcomes
Recommendations for M&E
• Collect information on key gender trends that influence
inequalities in access and use
• Use mixed methods
• Include women’s empowerment indicators according to
the project’s expected outcomes
• Assess impacts on women’s participation in agricultural
decision-making
Recommendations for M&E
• Collect information on key gender trends that influence
inequalities in access and use
• Use mixed methods
• Include women’s empowerment indicators according to
the project’s expected outcomes
• Assess impacts on women’s participation in agricultural
decision-making
• Follow standards for sex-disaggregated data collection
(Doss & Kieran, 2014)
Thank you!
tgumucio@iri.columbia.edu

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Promoting gender equality in rural climate services

  • 1. Promoting gender equality in rural climate services Tatiana Gumucio, Ph.D. International Research Institute for Climate & Society (IRI)
  • 2. Outline I. Background to rural climate services II. Planning for gender challenges III. M&E for gender equality in rural climate services
  • 3.
  • 4. Gender challenges • Groups and peer networks • Sources and formats Access • Information relevance • Capacities to act Use Benefit
  • 5. Gender challenges • Groups and peer networks Access Use Benefit
  • 6. Access to group processes • Sociocultural norms that limit public interactions between women and men • Biases in group membership criteria • Partner with women’s groups • Schedule trainings to accommodate women’s limited mobility and work schedules Considerations Actions
  • 7. Gender challenges • Groups and peer networks • Sources and formats Access Use Benefit
  • 8. Access to sources and formats • Significance of source proximity to the village to enhance women’s access • Inequalities in access to financial resources to purchase communication assets • Gender differences in education level and literacy • Household care work can limit women’s time available to listen to radio programs • Use different types of locally relevant sources and formats available • Identify key contacts in the community to share information • Ensure that ICT or media-based channels are time-saving for women Considerations Actions
  • 9. Gender challenges • Groups and peer networks • Sources and formats Access • Information relevance Use Benefit
  • 10. Differences in climate information relevance • Differential control of resources and climate-sensitive decisions • Varying needs for weather and climate information • Target information products to women’s and men’s needs Considerations Actions
  • 11. Gender challenges • Groups and peer networks • Sources and formats Access • Information relevance • Capacities to act Use Benefit
  • 12. Differences in capacity to act • Gender gap in access/control over key productive resources • Socio-cultural norms can prevent women from participating in climate-sensitive decision-making • Identify how norms and institutions influence participation/benefit from a project • Partner with local organizations engaged in social change processes Considerations Actions
  • 13. Datasets for gender-aware M&E Gender-based challenge Monitor Evaluate Access to group processes  Whether or not women and men belong to groups  What types of groups  Extent of access to weather and climate information through them Promotion of group processes that enable women and men to access weather and climate information Access to local sources and formats  Gender inequalities in access to local sources and formats of weather and climate information  Sources and formats that women and men use the most for accessing weather and climate-related information  Availability of channels and formats that permit women’s and men’s access to weather and climate information  Gender inequalities in awareness of weather and climate information Information relevance and capacity to act on information  Gender differences in demand for weather and climate information products  Gender differences in participation in agricultural decision-making  Gender differences in access to productive resources necessary to act on information Gender differences in usefulness of weather and climate information content for livelihoods decision- making. Participation in decision- making Gender differences in participation in agricultural decision-making
  • 14. Datasets for gender-aware M&E Gender-based challenge Monitor Evaluate Access to group processes  Whether or not women and men belong to groups  What types of groups  Extent of access to weather and climate information through them Promotion of group processes that enable women and men to access weather and climate information Access to local sources and formats  Gender inequalities in access to local sources and formats of weather and climate information  Sources and formats that women and men use the most for accessing weather and climate-related information  Availability of channels and formats that permit women’s and men’s access to weather and climate information  Gender inequalities in awareness of weather and climate information Information relevance and capacity to act on information  Gender differences in demand for weather and climate information products  Gender differences in participation in agricultural decision-making  Gender differences in access to productive resources necessary to act on information Gender differences in usefulness of weather and climate information content for livelihoods decision- making. Participation in decision- making Gender differences in participation in agricultural decision-making
  • 15. Datasets for gender-aware M&E Gender-based challenge Monitor Evaluate Access to group processes  Whether or not women and men belong to groups  What types of groups  Extent of access to weather and climate information through them Promotion of group processes that enable women and men to access weather and climate information Access to local sources and formats  Gender inequalities in access to local sources and formats of weather and climate information  Sources and formats that women and men use the most for accessing weather and climate-related information  Availability of channels and formats that permit women’s and men’s access to weather and climate information  Gender inequalities in awareness of weather and climate information Information relevance and capacity to act on information  Gender differences in demand for weather and climate information products  Gender differences in participation in agricultural decision-making  Gender differences in access to productive resources necessary to act on information Gender differences in usefulness of weather and climate information content for livelihoods decision- making. Participation in decision- making Gender differences in participation in agricultural decision-making
  • 16. Datasets for gender-aware M&E Gender-based challenge Monitor Evaluate Access to group processes  Whether or not women and men belong to groups  What types of groups  Extent of access to weather and climate information through them Promotion of group processes that enable women and men to access weather and climate information Access to local sources and formats  Gender inequalities in access to local sources and formats of weather and climate information  Sources and formats that women and men use the most for accessing weather and climate-related information  Availability of channels and formats that permit women’s and men’s access to weather and climate information  Gender inequalities in awareness of weather and climate information Information relevance and capacity to act on information  Gender differences in demand for weather and climate information products  Gender differences in participation in agricultural decision-making  Gender differences in access to productive resources necessary to act on information Gender differences in usefulness of weather and climate information content for livelihoods decision- making. Participation in decision- making Gender differences in participation in agricultural decision-making
  • 17. Datasets for gender-aware M&E Gender-based challenge Monitor Evaluate Access to group processes  Whether or not women and men belong to groups  What types of groups  Extent of access to weather and climate information through them Promotion of group processes that enable women and men to access weather and climate information Access to local sources and formats  Gender inequalities in access to local sources and formats of weather and climate information  Sources and formats that women and men use the most for accessing weather and climate-related information  Availability of channels and formats that permit women’s and men’s access to weather and climate information  Gender inequalities in awareness of weather and climate information Information relevance and capacity to act on information  Gender differences in demand for weather and climate information products  Gender differences in participation in agricultural decision-making  Gender differences in access to productive resources necessary to act on information Gender differences in usefulness of weather and climate information content for livelihoods decision- making. Participation in decision- making Gender differences in participation in agricultural decision-making
  • 18. Recommendations for M&E • Collect information on key gender trends that influence inequalities in access and use
  • 19. Recommendations for M&E • Collect information on key gender trends that influence inequalities in access and use • Use mixed methods
  • 20. Recommendations for M&E • Collect information on key gender trends that influence inequalities in access and use • Use mixed methods • Include women’s empowerment indicators according to the project’s expected outcomes
  • 21. Recommendations for M&E • Collect information on key gender trends that influence inequalities in access and use • Use mixed methods • Include women’s empowerment indicators according to the project’s expected outcomes • Assess impacts on women’s participation in agricultural decision-making
  • 22. Recommendations for M&E • Collect information on key gender trends that influence inequalities in access and use • Use mixed methods • Include women’s empowerment indicators according to the project’s expected outcomes • Assess impacts on women’s participation in agricultural decision-making • Follow standards for sex-disaggregated data collection (Doss & Kieran, 2014)

Editor's Notes

  1. Mention that these findings and guidelines can be found, explained in detail as CCAFS publications online.
  2. “Climate services” refers to the “production, translation, transfer, and use of climate knowledge and information in climate-informed decision making and climate-smart policy and planning” (Climate Services Partnership). Within an enabling environment, climate information and advisories allow farmers to understand risks, anticipate and manage extreme events, take advantage of favorable climate conditions, and adapt to change.
  3. due to gender-related factors, women and men can face differing challenges and opportunities to access climate-related information, use it to improve management, and consequently, benefit from improved management decisions
  4. norms that associate public meeting participation with men and restrict cross-gender interaction in public spaces can limit women from participating in trainings and meetings
  5. Partnerships with. . .community-based and female-dominated groups and networks can be important, to facilitate channels through which women can access weather and climate information. Concerning planning of meetings. . It’s important to consider that Women can experience time limitations as a result of their roles in household work and childcare Consequently, it can be key to give women enough advanced notice so that they can coordinate with their daily work and household responsibilities also it can be important to make efforts to hold meetings and trainings within the village, where women’s childcare and household responsibilities tend to take place
  6. Women’s childcare and household responsibilities can restrict their access to information sources located within the village Women are more likely to lack financial resources needed to purchase communication assets Due to differences in level of education and literacy, men can be more able than women to interpret seasonal forecasting, which often contains dense technical information Women’s household care work can limit their time available to listen to agricultural education programs on the radio
  7. Develop information delivery channels suited to men’s and women’s preferences by taking advantage of different types of locally relevant sources and formats available (i.e. SMS messaging, radio, meteorological blackboards, influential people) It can be helpful to identify key contacts in the community for example, women who own their own cell phones can share information received with female family members and friends Make sure that use of ICTs or media devices fits with women’s existing livelihood activities and/or saves time
  8. Sociocultural norms concerning labor roles can influence the resources and decisions under women’s and men’s control. For example, research in Kaffrine, Senegal, shows that women farmers can tend to plant late because they labor on men’s plots before their own and must often wait to use men’s farming equipment This affects the types of weather and climate information that are useful to women and men
  9. Target information and services to each gender’s specific needs If women’s crop cultivation occurs later in the season than men’s, information about seasonal onset is rendered less useful. In these situations, women farmers can instead prefer information concerning cessation and dry spells, while information on seasonal onset and total distribution can be of greater interest to men
  10. Due to resource control: Studies in Tanzania and Senegal have found that men more than women can tend to own necessary farming equipment, livestock and land Due to decision-making roles: Entrenched sociocultural norms about agricultural and household roles and responsibilities can prevent women from participating in climate-sensitive decision-making
  11. (this is a particularly difficult challenge to address, especially for climate services alone) Acknowledge and understand the prevalent sociocultural norms that influence gender roles and responsibilities Partner with local organizations who are already engaged in social change processes
  12. Assess what sources and formats women and men most commonly access Evaluate – the extent to which the intervention is making available channels that women and men can access
  13. Assess: gender differences.. . In participation in agricultural decision-making and inequalities in access to productive resources in order to identify barriers to act on information over the course of the project Evaluate: differences in perceived usefulness of weather and climate information among women and men, seeking that content is found useful to both
  14. Using mixed methods can help convey the reasons for changes in gender inequalities, for example, as they concern shifts in decision-making roles and control of productive resources
  15. depending on the significance of women’s empowerment to the project’s outcomes, it is also necessary that indicators targeting aspects of women’s empowerment be used. Existing frameworks and indices for measuring women’s empowerment in agriculture (e.g., WEIA) can be drawn upon for the development of appropriate indicators.
  16. Despite variations across projects’ expected outcomes, the aspect of empowerment that gender-aware climate services should be sure to include in evaluation of benefits is changes in women’s and men’s participation in agricultural decision-making.
  17. Follow standards for sex-disaggregated data collection. To permit accurate gender analysis, it is also paramount that surveys include questions that ask about women and men (“who” questions) and that information is collected from both women and men.
  18. Look forward to your feedback!