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A Gender Transformative Approach: Why what and how?
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This presentation was given by Cynthia McDougall (WorldFish Center), as part of the Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the University of Canberra and co-sponsored by the University of Canberra, the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) and CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on April 2-4, 2019 in Canberra, Australia. Read more: https://www.canberra.edu.au/research/faculty-research-centres/aisc/seeds-of-change and https://gender.cgiar.org/annual-conference-2019/
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A Gender Transformative Approach: Why what and how?
- A Gender Transformative Approach: Why, What and How? Cynthia McDougall and Workshop Team GTA Practice Workshop, Seeds of Change Conference Canberra, April 2, 2019
- Why?
- Questioning impacts of 'business as usual' gender in development interventions… 2012 2015 2018
- …Limitations, not necessarily systemic or sustained, backlash?
- Conceptualizing a complementary way forward: ‘Gender transformative approach’ 2012 2015 2018
- Building evidence base: how gender norms shape innovation in Ag/NRM 2012 2015 20182018
- Piloting (research on) gender transformative strategies in 2012 2015 20182018 Smallscale aquaculture technologies (Bangladesh) Reducing postharvest losses (Zambia) Micro-credit (Zambia)
- 2012 2015 20182018 Growing demand for transformative approach
- What?
- For what?
- For what? More fundamental, systemic and enduring positive outcomes Pro-active mitigation of potential backlash
- Transformation of what?
- Transformation of what? The underlying causes of gender inequality
- Transformation of what? ….of “power dynamics and structures that act to reinforce gendered inequalities” (Hillenbrand et al. 2015, 10).
- Transformation of what? Norms that perpetuate and reproduce inequalities
- How society values women and men How society says women and men should behave
- How society values women and men How society says women and men should behave The armpit can never be higher than the shoulder… (Adage, Zambia Assessment, WorldBank 2004) The armpit can never be higher than the shoulder… (Adage, Zambia Assessment, WorldBank 2004) “
- Institutions: ‘rules of the game’
- Yet historically gender barriers addressed by…
- Participation What capacities women have What assets women have
- Reach Empowerment (agency, resources)
- Reach Empowerment (agency, resources) ?
- How?
- It’s not about the tools
- Focus on two mechanisms
- Spark ‘critical consciousness’ through social learning processes
- Fish are the last ones to know about the water Fish are the last ones to know about the water“
- Spark ‘critical consciousness’ through social learning processes Catalysing self-awareness of the norms and dynamics in which we are immersed…
- Spark ‘critical consciousness’ through social learning processes Catalysing self-awareness of the norms and dynamics in which we are immersed… and their effects
- Engaging women and men together as actors in locally-driven shifts towards equality
- Jointly engaged, both agents of change
- How society values women and men How society says women and men should behave What women do What women have
- Case Examples…
- gender.cgiar.org We would like to acknowledge all CGIAR Research Programs and Centers for supporting the participation of their gender scientists to the Seeds of Change conference. Photo: Neil Palmer/IWMI
Editor's Notes
- In the next 10 mins…. [[decide re disclaimer now or after quotes]]
- B-a-Usual (accommodative) approaches – working around norms, such as those that limit women’s mobility, backyard ponds, access to credit via womens’ groups…
- Limitations: EG from seaweed: yes get fish but still not control own time, decisions as equals; Ie: systemic: women in the project report increased empowerment but it is largely bound to those women; Sustained: project ends and ‘apparent empowerment’ by end of project reduces/reverts once the project engagement or incentives end; not always positive: eg savings groups or women targeted interventions: backlash: violence
- To complement gender accommodative approaches & build on decades of progress in other areas
- Started in 2013, piloting in 2014: building ev to inform CG and donors re the need for GTA
- Ie: systemic: women in the project report increased empowerment but it is largely bound to those women; Sustained: project ends and ‘apparent empowerment’ by end of project reduces/reverts once the project engagement or incentives end; not always positive: eg savings groups or women targeted interventions: backlash: violence
- Ie: systemic: women in the project report increased empowerment but it is largely bound to those women; Sustained: project ends and ‘apparent empowerment’ by end of project reduces/reverts once the project engagement or incentives end; not always positive: eg savings groups or women targeted interventions: backlash: violence
- E.g., so increase income and abil to control own time, be an equal decision maker,
- Not of technols, not of prod systems or markets…. And not individual. [[iceberg: have (assets) , do (attend) vs think: assumptions, beliefs, ways of understanding the world)]]
- [[are various ‘tools’ connected to processes and areas of Ag/Dev/SSF/Aq: SLIDE GTA + [[]] Focus here on 2 principles – mechanisms that all are tapping into: imp bc can apply a tool – but if miss…then.. Crit consciousness: awareness: fish/water. Diff from Gender-Resp techs; diff from empowerment of women focusing on agency. Can use a variety of tools – or very thoughtful facil – AC and SC cases show range of strategies/tools: video, crit consc exercises/experiential games + videos and community theatre. I did it via participatory monitoring focusing on equity in comm forestry
- [[are various ‘tools’ connected to processes and areas of Ag/Dev/SSF/Aq: SLIDE GTA + [[]] Focus here on 2 principles – mechanisms that all are tapping into: imp bc can apply a tool – but if miss…then.. Crit consciousness: awareness: fish/water. Diff from Gender-Resp techs; diff from empowerment of women focusing on agency. Can use a variety of tools – or very thoughtful facil – AC and SC cases show range of strategies/tools: video, crit consc exercises/experiential games + videos and community theatre. I did it via participatory monitoring focusing on equity in comm forestry
- [[are various ‘tools’ connected to processes and areas of Ag/Dev/SSF/Aq: SLIDE GTA + [[]] Focus here on 2 principles – mechanisms that all are tapping into: imp bc can apply a tool – but if miss…then.. Crit consciousness: awareness: fish/water. Diff from Gender-Resp techs; diff from empowerment of women focusing on agency. Can use a variety of tools – or very thoughtful facil – AC and SC cases show range of strategies/tools: video, crit consc exercises/experiential games + videos and community theatre. I did it via participatory monitoring focusing on equity in comm forestry
- [[are various ‘tools’ connected to processes and areas of Ag/Dev/SSF/Aq: SLIDE GTA + [[]] Focus here on 2 principles – mechanisms that all are tapping into: imp bc can apply a tool – but if miss…then.. Crit consciousness: awareness: fish/water. Diff from Gender-Resp techs; diff from empowerment of women focusing on agency. Can use a variety of tools – or very thoughtful facil – AC and SC cases show range of strategies/tools: video, crit consc exercises/experiential games + videos and community theatre. I did it via participatory monitoring focusing on equity in comm forestry
- [[are various ‘tools’ connected to processes and areas of Ag/Dev/SSF/Aq: SLIDE GTA + [[]] Focus here on 2 principles – mechanisms that all are tapping into: imp bc can apply a tool – but if miss…then.. Crit consciousness: awareness: fish/water. Diff from Gender-Resp techs; diff from empowerment of women focusing on agency. Can use a variety of tools – or very thoughtful facil – AC and SC cases show range of strategies/tools: video, crit consc exercises/experiential games + videos and community theatre. I did it via participatory monitoring focusing on equity in comm forestry
- [[are various ‘tools’ connected to processes and areas of Ag/Dev/SSF/Aq: SLIDE GTA + [[]] Focus here on 2 principles – mechanisms that all are tapping into: imp bc can apply a tool – but if miss…then.. Crit consciousness: awareness: fish/water. Diff from Gender-Resp techs; diff from empowerment of women focusing on agency. Can use a variety of tools – or very thoughtful facil – AC and SC cases show range of strategies/tools: video, crit consc exercises/experiential games + videos and community theatre. I did it via participatory monitoring focusing on equity in comm forestry
- [[are various ‘tools’ connected to processes and areas of Ag/Dev/SSF/Aq: SLIDE GTA + [[]] Focus here on 2 principles – mechanisms that all are tapping into: imp bc can apply a tool – but if miss…then.. Crit consciousness: awareness: fish/water. Diff from Gender-Resp techs; diff from empowerment of women focusing on agency. Can use a variety of tools – or very thoughtful facil – AC and SC cases show range of strategies/tools: video, crit consc exercises/experiential games + videos and community theatre. I did it via participatory monitoring focusing on equity in comm forestry
- [[are various ‘tools’ connected to processes and areas of Ag/Dev/SSF/Aq: SLIDE GTA + [[]] Focus here on 2 principles – mechanisms that all are tapping into: imp bc can apply a tool – but if miss…then.. Crit consciousness: awareness: fish/water. Diff from Gender-Resp techs; diff from empowerment of women focusing on agency. Can use a variety of tools – or very thoughtful facil – AC and SC cases show range of strategies/tools: video, crit consc exercises/experiential games + videos and community theatre. I did it via participatory monitoring focusing on equity in comm forestry
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