1. Akamai Tech Day - DNS
손연호, Solutions Architect

2. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
Internet
A Critical Service for Web Infrastructure
Application
Web or productivity
Users
Customers or employees
Internet
DNS
Connecting users with applications

3. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
Common DNS Challenges
Availability
• Many organizations rely on just two or three DNS servers
• Any DNS outage will result in site downtime
Performance
• Closest DNS server may be physically far away
• High latency leads to longer page load times
Security
• DNS infrastructure exposed to the
Internet
• Popular DDoS attack vector
• Forgery or manipulation of DNS data

4. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
Every Page Load Begins with DNS
DNS lookup Time to first byte
Initial connection Content download
www.akamai.com 70 ms 60 ms 60 ms 140 ms

5. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
Web Page Test
http://www.webpagetest.org/

6. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
Web Page Test

7. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
DNS Prefetch
https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/service/PreResolveDns

8. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
Response Times Over Time

9. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
Case Study: DDoS Attack against Media Company
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• Q2 14 attack targeted a politically-active newspaper
in APJ
Phase 1
• Bandwidth: 88 Gbps
• Requests: 56 Mpps
• Duration: 18 hours
Phase 2
• Bandwidth: 93 Gbps
• Packets: 53 Mpps
• Duration: 30 hours
Phase 3
• Bandwidth: 111 Gbps
• Packets: 53 Mpps
• Duration: 3 hours
W Th F S S M T W Th F S S

10. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
DNS Hijacking
https://community.akamai.com/community/cloud-security/blog/2014/12/01/x-post-fresh-wave-of-dns-record-hijacking-
attacks-reported

11. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
DNS Hijacking

12. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
DNSSEC
http://krnic.or.kr/jsp/resources/dns/dnssecInfo/dnssecInfo.jsp
http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/dnsext/documents/

13. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
Protecting against DDoS
Over-provision DNS Servers
Build-in High Availability
Set Rate Limit by Source IP Address
Set Rate Limit by Destination IP Address
Close your ‘Open’ DNS Recursive Server
Use Cloud-Based Anycast Servers

14. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
FastDNS - Guaranteed Availability
% Availability
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• DNS infrastructure architected with massive
scale and IP Anycast technology
• Name servers distributed across multiple
networks and geographies for additional
redundancy
• 100% uptime service level agreement (SLA)

15. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
FastDNS - Improving User Experience with Zone
Apex Mapping
Response (ms)
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Akamai Vendor 1 Vendor 2
• Incorporates Akamai mapping data into name
resolution
• Resolves DNS requests directly to the optimal edge
server
• Dramatic improvement to overall user experience

16. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
Avoid data theft and downtime by extending the
security perimeter outside the data-center and
protect from increasing frequency, scale and
sophistication of web attacks.
Transfer
• Migrate DNS
resolution to a cloud-
based service
• Transfer DDoS risk
and responsibility to
Akamai
Absorb
• Normal traffic less than
1 percent of total
capacity
• No additional fees for
DDoS-related traffic
Block
• Restrict responses to
known good DNS
servers
• Rate limit DNS traffic
from malicious IP
addresses
FastDNS - Improved Protection from DDoS Attacks

17. ©2015 AKAMAI | FASTER FORWARDTM
FastDNS - DNSSEC with Secure Option (add-on
module)
Protects against DNS forgery and manipulation
Reduces overhead required to maintain DNSSEC compliance
Serve
Customer provides ZSK and
KSK and is responsible for key
rotation
Sign and Serve
Akamai provides ZSK and KSK and
leverages Akamai KMI for key rotation
End user