1. Open-Source Software In Broadcasting 1
The Power And Economy Of Session Initiation
Protocol (SIP) and Broadcast IP Intercom
Systems
Brad Fortner, Tyler Pham and David Tom
Ryerson University

2. 1
1. Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
2. Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
3. A Demonstration
Open-Source Software In Broadcasting - Agenda

3. Open Source Software - What, Where and Why? 2
Why Use Open Source?
• Defined: Content, Standards and
Software that are freely available
• A free alternative
• Only software available
• Wide use and provides best functionality
• Base for R&D
• code is available
• free from restriction
• free to share and copy
• free to learn and adapt
• free to work with others

4. 2
Widespread use backend IT,
embedded applications with
1.7% of desktop market
Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?

5. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
2009 – Apache surpasses the
100 million web site milestone
www.lamphowto.com

6. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
www.openoffice.org

7. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
The GNU Image Manipulation Program - www.gimp.org

8. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
www.blender.org

9. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
Lightworks Now Open Source Software
• Source Code To Be Released 2011
• Multiple Feature Editing Package
• Speedy Interface
• Real Tine Effects
• Multiple Codec Support
• Stereoscopic Editing
• Instant Save
• Unique Trimming Figure
www.lightworksbeta.com

10. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/
inkscape.org

11. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?

12. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?

13. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?

14. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
The SVG specification is an open standard that has been under
development by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) since 1999

15. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
A project aiming to provide a universal toolset for development.
Open Source integrated development environment (IDE), mostly
provided in Java, but the development language is independent and
can be extended by plugins.

16. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?

17. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
http://www.buildap.com/blogs/blogentry.2006-01-21.8136859224

18. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?

19. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
Drupal Open Source CMS System
• Drupal is an open source content
management platform powering millions of
websites and applications.
• 7,466 Modules
• 917 Themes
• 3,858 Active Developments
• Ryerson uses Drupal to handle
SPIRITLive our Internet Radio Station
drupal.org

20. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
Support - Open Source Systems and Software
• Service and support communities grow as an
Open Source package becomes mainstream.
• Companies (and individuals) also contribute
new code and functionality to the package
found in new releases.
• 76 Companies Contribute, Build & Service
Sites
• 17 Contributing Companies That Host
Drupal Sites
• 21 Contributing Companies That Offer
Drupal Training
drupal.org

21. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
Drupal will be the Content Management
System that SMPTE will employ to handle its
website consolidation and its new Digital
Content Web Portal planned to be launched
in 2011
drupal.org

22. 2Open Source Software - What, Where and Why?
Open Source Is
Everywhere!

23. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
Intercom Technology History
• 1980’s - Two-wire broadcast intercoms
• One two-way conversation or party line
• 1990’s – Four-wire broadcast intercoms
• Multiple two-way conversations or party
line(s)
1991 Four
Wire Analogue
Matrix System

24. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
Intercom Technology History
• 1980’s - Two-wire broadcast intercoms
• One two-way conversation or party line
• 1990’s – Four-wire broadcast intercoms
• Multiple two-way conversations or party
line(s)
• 2000’s – 9/11 drives specialized intercom
systems to interoperate. Digital IP based
standards, interfaces and systems develop to
meet interoperability requirements.
• 2010’s – Internet, mobile technologies and open
source IP technologies allow for global
interconnectivity at little to no cost.
2010 Digital
IP Matrix
1991 Four
Wire Analogue
Matrix System

25. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
1990’s Four Wire Analogue Matrix
System
• Employed four wire circuitry ($$$)
• Required four-strand solid-
conductor wire($)
• Employed crosspoints for each
conversation or party line ($$$$)
1991 Four
Wire Analogue
Matrix System

26. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
1990’s Four Wire Analogue Matrix
System
• Employed four wire circuitry ($$$)
• Required four-strand solid-
conductor wire($)
• Employed crosspoints for each
conversation or party line ($$$$)
• Required software to manage
crosspoint set-up($)
• Required four to two wire
converters to use two wire and
party line technologies ($$)
Matrix System Software
2 to 4 Wire Converters
4 Wire Keypanels
1991 Four
Wire Analogue
Matrix System

27. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
1990’s Four Wire Analogue Matrix
System
• Employed four wire circuitry ($$$)
• Required four-strand solid-
conductor wire($)
• Employed crosspoints for each
conversation or party line ($$$$)
• Required software to manage
crosspoint set-up($)
• Required four to two wire
converters to use two wire and
party line technologies ($$)
• Required specialized interfaces for
telephone devices ($$$)
• Wireless integration ($$$)
Wireless Intercoms
Telephone Interface
Wireless Telephony
1991 Four
Wire Analogue
Matrix System

28. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
1990’s Four Wire Analogue Matrix
System
• Employed four wire circuitry ($$$)
• Required four-strand solid-
conductor wire($)
• Employed crosspoints for each
conversation or party line ($$$$)
• Required software to manage
crosspoint set-up($)
• Required four to two wire
converters to use two wire and
party line technologies ($$)
• Required specialized interfaces for
telephone devices ($$$)
• Wireless integration ($$$)
Wireless Intercoms
Telephone Interface
Wireless Telephony
1991 Four
Wire Analogue
Matrix System

29. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
2010+ - Intercom Design Criteria
• Provide traditional intercom capability in three TV studios
• Provide intercom to technical and studio support area’s
• Recognize live TV production had decentralized
• Global Production
• Take advantage of commodity hardware (save $$$)
• Avoid expensive proprietary interface solutions (save $$$)
• Avoid cumbersome intercom technology in the field
• Take advantage of mobile devices (save $$$) (cell, wi-fi, smartphones, smartpads)
• $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
• Trilogy Mercury IP intercom system was selected (www.trilogycomms.com)
Low Latency
IP Video
Low Latency
IP Video
Live Video From
Any Location
TV Studio
Production
Centre(s)
Live Campus Distribution via
Harris InfoCaster

30. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
2010+ - Digital IP Based System
• Crosspoint switching replaced
by Packet Switching
• Four Wire Matrix replaced by
distributed Interface Units
• CAT 5 Cable connect the
distributed Interface Units
• Interface Units connect to CAT
5 keypanels or 2 wire/4 wire
interfaces as required
• SIP interface connects to “the
cloud”
• Configuration software allows
for connection customization
using IP switching and
multicasting
CAT 5
CAT 5
2 Wire
4 Wire
CAT 5
CAT 5
CAT 5
CAT 5
2 Wire
4 Wire
CAT 5
2 Wire
4 Wire
CAT 5
2 Wire
4 Wire
SIP
Mercury Interface Unit
TV A
TV C
TV D
SUPPORT
Config Software

31. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
SIP Interface
WiFi Netbook
running VOIP App
VOIP Telephone
Global VOIP
Services
Smart Phone VOIP
Apps
Cellular Phones
Customized VOIP
Smartphones
Internet

32. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
Low Latency
IP Video
Low Latency
IP Video
Live Video From
Any Location
TV Studio
Production
Centre(s)
Live Campus Distribution via
Harris InfoCaster
The Power And Economy Of Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
Commodity VOIP Devices
From Any Location
SIP Interface On
Inhouse IP Intercom
Internet

33. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
SIP
10.32.254.11
Mercury Interface Unit
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
• An IETF-defined open signaling protocol, widely used for
controlling multimedia communication sessions such as voice and
video calls over Internet Protocol (IP).
• Can be used for creating, modifying and terminating two-
party (unicast) or multiparty (multicast) sessions consisting of
one or several media streams.
• Modification can involve changing addresses or ports, inviting
more participants, and adding or deleting media streams.
• Mercury Interface Unit would only accept a media stream if it
knows the IP address in advance
• Incoming IP address must be manually set up in advance
• Impossible with DHCP devices

34. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
Private Branch Exchange (PBX) is a telephone
exchange that serves a particular business or
office need, as opposed to one that a common
carrier or telephone company.
Analogue Switchboard
Automated PBX
Digital Voice Over IP
(VOIP) PBX
ASTERISK

35. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
• An IETF-defined open signaling protocol, widely used for
controlling multimedia communication sessions such as voice and
video calls over Internet Protocol (IP).
• Can be used for creating, modifying and terminating two-
party (unicast) or multiparty (multicast) sessions consisting of
one or several media streams.
• Modification can involve changing addresses or ports, inviting
more participants, and adding or deleting media streams.
• Mercury Interface Unit would only accept a media stream if it
knows the IP address in advance
• Incoming IP address must be manually set up in advance
• Impossible with DHCP devices
• Solution: Connect SIP to a PBX and let it connect a user employing
a single IP address.
• SIP Protocol Standard: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3261
SIP
10.32.254.11
Mercury Interface Unit
Private Branch Exchange
172.30.2.13 141.117.228.72
123.82.209.41

36. 2Our TV Studio Intercom System, SIP and Asterisk
Asterisk is
• open source software operated under the GNU
General Public License (GPL)
• voice communications server that can act as a:
• IP PBX
• Skype and VoIP gateway
• Conference Bridge
• developed on GNU/Linux for x/86 and runs on
GNU/Linux for PPC along with OpenBSD,
FreeBSD, and Mac OS X
• protocols include H.323, Session Initiation
Protocol (SIP), Media Gateway Control
Protocol (MGCP), and Skinny Client Control
Protocol (SCCP).
• www.asterisk.org
SIP
SmartPhones
iPads
Laptops
IP Telephones

37. 2Demonstration
SIP
University IP Network