1.
Lillehammer 2016
Winter Youth Olympic Games
System- Oriented design course
Fall 2013
Sajedeh Ahi

2.
Contents
About the project 4
GIGA-maps 6
Mediator maps (Flow maps) 16
Magnets 36
Magnet 1 38
Magnet 2 40
Magnet 3 46
Olympic Park Operational Plan 52
Next Step 53
References 56

3.
Lillehammer 2016 youth Olympic Games
In 2007 the idea of Youth Olympic Games (YOG) became a reality by IOC (International
Olympic Committee). In these games in addition to the sport competitions program, YOG
features an extensive Culture and Education Program (CEP), which aims to introduce
young athletes to Olympism and Olympic values in a fun and festive spirit and to raise the
awareness of important issues such as the benefit of a healthy life, the fight against doping,
global challenges and their role as sport ambassadors in their communities. CEP is based
on five themes that form different activities. These themes are: Olympism, healthy life,
skill development, social responsibility and expression. (1)
2016 winter games is going to be held in Lillehammer and 1713 athletes – age: between
14-18 – are going to share, care and create under the CEP umbrella in a 10 days period of
OL with the vision of “ go beyond, create tomorrow.” Venues are in Lillehammer, Gjøvik
and Hamar although the main Olympic village is in Lillehammer. Due to the lack of
accommodation around 300 athletes and officials will stay in Hamar where is in 60 km of
Lillehammer. (2)
In this project, the process started with making the GIGA-map of the project, which was
created through different iterations.
GIGA-map is a central tool for registering, analyzing and mapping complexity in System-
oriented design. It deals with relations playing out in structure over time. (Sevaldson,
lectures at system- oriented course, 2013)
The general aim of the GIGA-map is ultimately to develop a “feel” for the overall
complexity, an overview and expert intuition of the theme explored and to develop the
detailed knowledge of the entities, filaments and interconnections in the field where
needed and to reach a state of generative design, finding points of interventions and
potentials for innovation. (3)
About the project
1. facsheet, youth Olympic games, update-July 2012, official website of Olympic.
2. Document from Lillehammer Committee.
3. Sevaldson, Birger, System-oriented design for built environment article, design innovative for the built environment book.
4. Picture: Lillehammer Committee presentation, 22. August 2013, by Kristin Nilseng Chief of Staff and Coordination.

4.
The project started with the first
iteration of GIGA-map. After the
Lillehammer Olympic committee’s
presentation in the clients presentation
session, this map was produced by all
the students. Each student brought all
the information he or she got from the
presentation, into the table.
In the next step, I started to read the
map and tried to make connection
between information and categorized
them. In this map there are five main
categories:
Organizations
Places (venues)
Activities and sports
Programs and goals
Previous experiences.
The connection between these
categories shows a hierarchical system
of decision making, programs, activities
and places, although they are all
interconnected.
GIGA-map I
Maps information from Lillehammer Committee presentation, 22. August 2013, by Kristin Nilseng Chief of Staff and Coordination.
GIGA-maps

5.
The main idea in the second map was to
bring all the information from previous
map and Internet search into a time-line.
Therefore time-line is a structural part of
the map.
Game experiences from 2010 onwards,
cultural and educational program’s themes
(CEP), organizations in more detail, were
general information from Internet search.
The information about the venues from
the Internet were vague and after site visit
turned more accurate and precise.
This map was used for the first meeting
with client (Lillehammer Committee).
There were some vague and incorrect
information on the map that was corrected
by client, and a lot of new information was
added.
GIGA-map II
PDF documents from www.olympic.org

6.
After the first meeting with Lillehemmer
Olympic Committee, a new research phase
started by new references like event manual
and some venues’ documents.
New information added to the map as
two new layers:
1. Zoning necessities and accreditation
roles, relating operational plan of the
venues and venues connections.
GIGA-map III
PDF documents from www.olympic.org
Manuals from Lillehammer committee.
2. Connection (time and distance
information) between cities and also the
connection between venues inside the city
of Lillehammer.

7.
GIGA-map IV
This map brought all the different layers of
information together in one map.
The map contains:
On the left side:
Basic information from previous games
and CEP activities.
And from bottom to top on the right site
of the map:
10 days time-line and each day schedule.
(As we knew at the project time)
Important places and venues in the city
and their connection’s information.
Zoning and accreditation roles and
necessities.
All the activities (sport competitions, CEP
and place necessities) related to each place.
Programs consists of: CEP, Sport and
ceremonies.
Organizations and participants.

8.
GIGA-map V
The last GIGA-map revealed 4 design
fields. These are areas need more focus and
design in this specific project. This map is
a revision that tries to review the previous
maps and set their information in the form
of these 4 fields.
1. Flow Management:
There are different venues in different
parts of the city and also different cities.
The main focal point here is how we can
manage the crowd inside and in between
venues. How to lead them in the best way
and how to make delay? (Relating the
streets’ capacity and high number of people
move at the same time.)
Steepness and slippery roads, signage,
ticket and queue, accreditation roles and
temporary paths are factors should be
considered.
The idea of OL network and designing
magnets for this network emerged in this
stage.
2. Venues development:
A.StampeslettaorOlympicparklandscape
needs reorganization to be adopted for
usage in this event. Temporary paths,
activate some paths, storage area, welcome
center, taxi drop-off and transportation
mall areas, etc.
B. Håkon hall is a sport venue inside the
park that will be changed to use as a living
room for athletes and officials to gather and
mingle and take part in CEP activities. In
addition welcome ceremony will be held in
this building. The main questions are:
How can we make this building a living
space, and change the boring atmosphere
of concrete?
There are new functions that should feed
in this building. There are Dining hall,
Living room, CEP workshops, Storage,
Media center, Gym & training facilities,
Amphitheater space and arranging
welcome ceremony.
The main question here is:
How can we organize the new functions in
this building in its best way.
The challenge is that the building is
designedasasportvenueanditisimportant
how make space for all these new functions.
C.Maihaugenisaculturaltouristattraction
in the city with high potential to introduce
the Norwegian culture to the guests. there
is an idea to have world cultural village
(CEP part). it is controversial to move a
part of CEP to another place, although the

9.
whole point is the use of what we already have in the city and to consider this place in the
OL network.
3. Accommodation
How to deal with the lack of accommodation?
4. 2YOVs connection
How can we connect athletes in two different YOVs?
How can athletes in Hamar be involved in CEP as much as athletes in Lillehammer?
Between these fields, flow management has a higher importance and affect the other fields
especially venue development. Referring to the map V, movement, activities and zoning
are three factors that affect connect flow management and venue development. Therefore I
started with flow management and made the flow maps. These maps act as a mediator for
design fields. Mediator maps that bring the GIGA-map information to design.

10.
Mediator maps (Flow maps)
Graph information document from Lillehammer Committee.
In this stage, first information of day
schedule turned to a graph and the
graph translated to a flow map between
venues. Graphs’ information are for
sport competitions schedule and medal
ceremony. In the first place they show the
intense competition timetable, that there
is not much time for CEP especially for ice
hockey and curling athletes. Second they
show the best time we can use for other
activities (CEP). in the third place they
propose the time and the need of magnets.
The Olympic network map shows the
active (daily use) and passive network. The
Olympic network generally is the shortest
way from one venue to the other.
Venue usage’ s rate during time

11.
Olympic Network

12.
Day 1- Flow maps
Following flow maps are drawn for day 1
and the active network.
For situations need flow management,
the revision map is shown in front of the
existing situation.
These maps considering only pedestrians
flow. For having a better understanding of
the situation and a more precise design and
also for the operational plan of the Olympic
park, vehicles and media flow map should
be added.
OL network boundary
Day One Venue usage
Active Flow

13.
To reduce the queue, main entrance
should be open and ice-sculpture with
music and light will attract the flow.

14.
To make balance in all entrance doors
of the venue and slow down the athletes
ingress to the venue. This will be done by
magnet 1 (ice sculpture ) and magnet 2
CEP tent for parents, coaches and athletes.

15.
After the competition athletes will come
to Håkon hall. For avoiding the queue
outside, check points step back inside
Håkon hall. This provide indoor space for
seating area (in cafe area) where they can
seat and wait.

16.
For having a gentle egress
flow from Håkon hall to
medal plaza. CEP activities
finish time should be set.
On the way it is necessary
to lead and make delay.
This will be done in the city
square by magnets.

17.
In designing the magnets the following
factors are important:
Informal experiences (referring to the
intensive competition schedule)
Free experiences (enough CEP activities,
from previous experiences)
Interaction of Triad (locals, athletes,
parents)( referring the gap between
participants in GIGA-map)
Be a teammate not an athlete
M1: Attracter
(Light+ Music+ Ice sculptures of Mascot)
To attract spectators’ attention and bring
them a little closer.
To balance the door usage of Kristin Hall.
M2: CEP Outdoor square (CEP helper)
Makeameetingpoint.Triadmeetingpoint
(locals, parents, athletes and coaches).
CEP workshops with local contribution.
It has a back yard for informal experiences
and local artist contributions.
Gathering place at night. After medal
ceremony, athletes can gather around the
fire and drink coffee and mingle before
going to YOV.
M3: Guide and Delay (City square)
Guidance will be done by lighting and
delay by stands.
Introduce the right path and avoid the
trap.
Stands for food, technology and school
students.
Enhance the spot life by adding trees for
guiding pedestrians.
M4: Activate the Street
By lighting and adding trees to the
previous magnet, the continues feeling is
created to invite athletes to use this street.
Lighting will continue to the whole street
and signify the exit streets to the medal
plaza.
M5: Performances after Medal ceremony
When Medal ceremony is over, two groups
of local artists do a performance in shown
areas to delay the crowd exit of the area.
By the flow maps the best place for the
stage is visible too.
M6: Activate in case of need
This is a small enclosed area in Storgata
which can be activated in case of need and
be added to the OL network.
Magnets

18.
Magnets plan

19.
Magnet 1
Place: Olympic park
Purpose: Attractor
Form: A collection of Mascot Ice- sculpture
Kristin Hall Entrances Håkon Hall

20.
In this magnet we need an attraction to
balance the ingress flow between all the
existing doors of the venue (Kristin hall,
for ice hockey competition). Therefore
a collection of mascot ice sculpture in
combination with light and music, start
working at the necessary time to just
attracts the attention.
We do not want long stay. It is enough
that people come a little closer and say: “A
it is just an ice sculpture”. And turn to the
entrance.
Ice sculptures are in different size to
attract people from far and also people can
hug them and take pictures. Ice-sculptures
of mascot prefer due to stainability.
Flow maps show a need of an attractor in
this place for bringing athletes to the main
Time-line

21.
Place: Olympic park
Purpose: CEP Outdoor Square
Form: Tent
Responsile: LYOGOC
Possible Sponsor: P&G
Magnet 2

22.
entrance to avoid queue. For this purpose a
little expansion of magnet 1 can work, but
there are some other points that define this
magnet.
1. Håkon hall is a living room for
athletes and all the officials, to relax,
mingle, take park in CEP workshops and
eat. But parents and locals are not allowed
to this place (accreditation roles- GIGA
map). Furthermore referring the GIGA-
map again, there is a gap between (parents,
athletes, and local). it means that they are a
partofthiseventbuttheyarenotinteracting
sufficiently together. No youth Olympic
game before has seen them all together as
one OL family. Furthermore we should not
forget the importance of supporting role of
parents.
In conclusion with all accreditation roles
and zone necessities, there should be a place
for all these group to meet and to interact.
Therefore an square inside the park seems
necessary.
Time-line
Morning normal time

23.
Morning peak - Ice-sculpture attraction and working of Triad
2. There is no enough suitable space
for workshops in håkon hall. This building
is a sport venue and should place a lot of
“irrelevant” functions in itself. therefore an
outdoor tent for CEP is a good idea that also
can bring CEP to the local contribution.
Back to the magnet the main question is
that :
How does it work?
As a Meeting point:
Place and form of this square is defined by
flow maps. A place in the middle of OL Park
that connects different functions together.
(Transportationmall,dormitoryandhotels,
Håkon hall, Kristin hall and training hall.)
If a group of people wants to go to a tour,
this is a point they gather first and move to
transportation mall afterwards.
This place makes a meeting point for the
triad. Before each competition this tent
gathers athletes, coaches and parents of that
specific competition to reduce the stress of
athletes by parents support and final coach
speech, next to the fireplace with coffee. In
any other free times,this tent is a Triad tent.
They know that there is a place they are free
to visit their children also local parents.
IFs (international federations) can take it
for their own athletes and parents for this
purpose too. The goal is to connect athletes,
parents and officials and coaches together.
This is something new that Lillehammer
Olympic committee will bring to the youth
Olympic.
The information desk here works all day
mostly to help local and parents.
At night – after medal ceremony- it turns
to a gathering place around fire with hot
drink that athletes can hang out before go
to their rooms in YOV.

24.
Day 1, 06:00- 07:30
Normal time
Day 1, 07:30- 08:00
Peak breakfast- do nothing
Day 1, 08:30- 09:00
Peak ingress for competition
Ice-sculpture is working
Day 1, 15:00-16:00
CEP
Day 1, 08:30- 09:00
Peak ingress for competition- do nothing
Day 1, 07:30- 08:00
Peak breakfast
Day 1, 08:00- 08:30
Gentle ingress to the venue
Tent is working for Triad before competition.
Day 1, 13:00-14:00
Peak egress for competition
Ice-sculpture is working
For CEP:
In the CEP tent, activities for locals,
athletes and parents will take place .the
content is something that is attractive
for all of them like food work shop (the
importance of healthy food ) or dance
workshop (getting to know about other
cultures) . In the backyard, outdoor
activities i.e ice sculpture workshop with
local artist contributions will take place
(With the theme of being teammate not
athlete and experience it freely) Or just
make a snowman together.
People can freely enter OL park and meet
theathletesandtakepartinworkshopswith
them and Håkon hall can work specifically
for athletes and officials.
Whom to contact for take this idea
further?
Day 1, 21:00-24:00
Gathering place

25.
- CEP organizer in LYOGOC
- Sponsors for tent
- Local youth to know what they like to
experience in this event
- Local artists
Who can be the sponsor of the tent?
P&G, is one of the “BIG” sponsors of the
games that has a focus on families and
specially the importance of mothers. they
have the “thank you mum campaign”.

26.
Magnet 3
Place: A parking lot in the city
Purpose: Lead athletes to right path
Make delay
Form: Exhibition stands
Responsible: sponsors / schools
Probable sponsors: Panasonic, Samsung, TINE
Narrow path Covered pathway
From Storgata to parking lot

27.
In this spot, we need a magnet to first
and for most guide pedestrians to the
right path to avoid the trap. In this area,
people tend to use narrower path because
it is nicer and the other choice is part of a
parking lot and not a defined pathway.
Lighting on the trees and putting some
activities in the right place will attract
people to use this path.
from the other side, considering the
city itself, this area is a parking spot and
pedestrians rarely choose this spot as a
path. If it turns to an active square in the
city it can even work better during the
Olympic.
Existing situation of the parking lot
Time-line

28.
Considering CO2 emissions and all these
tents and materials.
The new row of trees can turn to an
Olympic memory for the city afterward.
Second is the need to delay the crowd
movement. Because almost all the athletes
move from Håkon hall around the same
This area is next to storgata, the
pedestrian street. To bring the feeling of
storgata (pedestrian dominant) to this spot
and to guide them towards this square,
new rows of trees are added. These trees
connect the trees of storgata to the very
old existing trees at the end of this site.
They make a significant and interesting
path for pedestrians. furtheremore to
emphasise of the direction, ground cover
plants and pergolas- in the tent places - are
designed to provide seating place during
normal time and stands for tents during
exhibition or temporary bazars. Moreover,
the place can still live as a parking spot if
the municipality does not have any plan
for upgrading this part of the city.
Considering the city and its life after
Olympic is a matter of stainability which is
one of the IOC themes for this event. What
will happen after Olympic to this magnet?
How does Olympic affect its life? Does it
come back to its boring parking spot after
all this excitement?
How the design here can be sustainable?
Existing situation
Design Idea

29.
Day 1,
17:00-18:00
Leading to right
path
Day 1,
17:00-18:00
Do nothing
Sponsors
stands
School
stands
time to the medal plaza.To balance and
ease the flow 1. Delay will take place in
this magnet. 2. CEP time will manage in
a way that athletes leave Håkon hall with
delay in smaller groups.
How does it work?
This magnet is working as a city square.
Stands will be set in this square for
spongers and school students to make
delay.
The activities should be interesting
activities for all users, like free food,
technology and computer and cultural
diversities.
Technology stands: Selected Sponsors are
Samsung and Panasonic for technology
stands. They have a small spot to set a
game each day at 17:00 for locals and
guests (athletes who are not athletes in this
place anymore) to play together and win a
Galaxy phone or a Panasonic camera each
day.
Food stands: There is also food stand
for local sponsors like TINE to bring
the importance of the healthy life from
Olympic themes to normal people.
Culture: school students will make Sami
tents and each day they give the day
“matpakke” to athletes.
The important thing is that athletes have

30.
one hour or some days less than that in
this magnet. Therefore their stay does
not have a high importance. Their choice
of path and being delayed is important.
The tents are set back to provide enough
space either for those who want to pass
and those who stay to check. With the
intensive competition schedule, it is
important to even plan their walking path
to have more fun and experience the city
and it culture to its fullest.
Whom to contact for take this idea
further?
Municipality
Sponsors (Panasonic, Samsung, TINE)
Schools

31.
The propose operational plan for the
Olympic park is a result of flow maps
analysis and necessities that come form the
GIGA-map. The advantage of using flow
maps as a reference for design is that in
this case there is one proposed map which
Olympic Park Operational Plan
is the most relevant to the games needs,
instead of having many master plans from
different people.

32.
Next Step
The project could reach the above
achievements within the semester time.
Relating the mediator maps - flow maps-
as mentioned before, they focused on the
pedestrians’ flow. For a more precise and
more accurate design, vehicle and media
flows should be considered. In that case,
different magnets might needed or a
change in the operational plan.
The next step for this project is designing
each venue, most importantly Håkon Hall.
The new functions in this venue are as
following:
Dining hall
Living room
Works for 24 hours
Noisy area
Not hang- out area
CEP workshops
Different types of workshops
Seminars
Storage
Media center
Gym & training facilities
Amphitheater space
Welcome ceremony
Flow relating to new functions inside
this venues is important and show be
Alternative 1Alternative 2 Kitchen
Level 0- existing Dining hall suggestions
Level 1- semi open area (security)- seating area
Level 2- CEP workshops
Level 3- proposed Dining hall place

33.
mapped, to be able to place them in the
best way.
I started the working in this venue by
breaking the existing picture that the
organizers of the venue have already had.
Dining hall is a place that should work all
day long and it is a noisy place. In addition
it should not be a place, users want to hang
out there. They should be encouraged to
explore the other areas with CEP content.
The existing alternatives suggest the side
areas of the play field for dining hall. They
are both very close to the kitchen and
easily accessible for staff. Furthermore,
there are enough rooms for all the users
in these areas and most importantly, the
organizers have the experience of helding
up ceremonies in that spots.
The first alternative has a separate
entrance from outside (same level as
second floor) and the second one is next to
the track entrance of the venue.
The problem with this suggestion is that
they occupy the best part of the building
for a noisy and not concentrated function.
in this way it is really hard to avoid
gathering and long stays.
Another place that has enough capacity
and is a hidden and not a very nice place
in the venue, is behind seats in the third
The proposed plans are not complete and
do not consider all the important factors
related to designing of this building.
Level 3
Level 1

34.
floor. The only problem with this place is
the distance from the kitchen, although
it looks easier to manage 20 staff in the
kitchen than 1700 athletes. In this case it is
possible to use the whole field of play for
CEP.
The field of play can be divided into two
part by two tents _OL network idea- for
different CEP activities.
For continuing of the design in this
venue, the other important design
question is how to make it a living room
and change the boring atmosphere of
concrete?
the other topic that can be taken further
is a very steep road in the Olympic
network. it is important to consider the
steepness of this road considering the
climate situation large number of young
athletes unaccustomed to the place.

35.
www.olympic.org
www.olympic.org/ioc
www.lillehammer2016.no
http://www.systemsorienteddesign.net/
References
Youth Olympic Games Event Manual, 6th edition- post innsbruck 2012 winter youth
Olympic Games, International Olympic Committee, IOC February 2013.
Factsheet youth Olympic games- updated 2012, International Olympic Committee.
Culture and education programme, lillehammer youth Olympic games 2016.
Operational vision for YOV.
Bedinventorysolvencyallotmentreportanalysisforlillehammer2016,TomasHolmestad,
Kristin Nilseng, July 2013.
Documents from Lillehammer Olympic Committee:
Web pages:
Book:
Olympic cities : city agendas, planning and the world’s games, 1896-2012 / edited by John
R. Gold and Margaret M. Gold
Churchman, C. W. (1971). the design of inquiring systems. basic books Inc.
Sevaldson, B. (2005). developing digital design techniques. Oslo university of architecture
and design.
Sevaldson, B. (2013). lectures at system- oriented course .
sevaldson, b. (2012). system-oriented design for built environment. In M. U.Hensel (Ed.),
Design innovation for the built environment. Abingdon: Routledge.