The strategic action plan to strengthen the conservation and use of Mesoamerican plant genetic resources in adapting agriculture to climate change
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The strategic action plan to strengthen the conservation and use of Mesoamerican plant genetic resources in adapting agriculture to climate change
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Marleni Ramirez, Bioversity International Regional Director for the Americas, presented at the international conference Enhanced genepool utilization - Capturing wild relative and landrace diversity for crop improvement, in Cambridge, UK, 16-20 June 2014. The Strategic Action Plan to Strengthen the Conservation and Use of Mesoamerican Plant Genetic Resources in Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change (SAPM) is a ten-year road map to strengthen conservation, access and use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture in Mesoamerica, as a strategic element for food security and agricultural adaptation to climate change and other threats. The plan is available in English and Spanish bit.ly/1lAu6Hh
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The strategic action plan to strengthen the conservation and use of Mesoamerican plant genetic resources in adapting agriculture to climate change
- 1. Action Plan to Strengthen Conservation and Use of PGRFA M. Ramirez, Regional Director, Americas Office June 16-20, 2014
- 2. Why?
- 3. 3 - Severe climatic events: Mesoamerica is highly vulnerable to climate change - Interdependence: adaptation of agriculture to new climates will need materials found beyond national frontiers - Opportunities: native PGRFA represent present and future options for access to adapted seeds; within framework of the International Treaty
- 4. What?
- 5. What is the SAPM? • A roadmap to strengthen the conservation and use of native plant genetic resources of Mesoamerica strategic for the adaptation of agriculture to climate change. • Focused on 10 Mesoamerican crops important for local and global food security, with potential to generate income. • Developed through a systematic analysis of relevant information + broad consultation with regional stakeholders resulting in the identification of a key set of activities (87) to be implemented in the next decade.
- 6. How?
- 7. Diagnostic assessment and Gap analysis • Dataquality • Impactof CC on potential distributionof studyspecies • Gapsin colllection • Identifyingpromisingmaterial • In Situ Conservation • Stateof genebanksand germplasmcollections • Seed systems • Plant breeding • Use of climateinformation • National and regional legislationin Biodiversityand PGRFAA • Mechanismsof disseminationof varieties and seeds • SAN, CC, Disasterresponse • Training
- 8. Focus genepools • Baseline study focused on 10 genepools considered representative for agriculture in Mesoamerica: 26 crop species and >350 CWR • Zea, Phaseolus, Manihot, Ipomoea, Cucurbita, Amaranthus, Capsicum, Carica, Persea, Tripsacum • Section based on: -Crop types: grains, tubers, horticultural, trees, fodder -Treaty annex and non-annex -Regional priority crops -Important for food security, diets and income generation
- 9. 9
- 10. 10
- 11. 11
- 12. 12
- 13. Participatory and consultative process 144 farmers 17 national genebanks (>70% of all known) 3 meetings: >100 representatives of >40 institutions
- 14. Outputs
- 16. Institutional genebanks (National, private, experimental stations, universities…) Community seedbanks Regional genebanks CIAT, CIMMYT, CIP… International Genebanks
- 17. 17
- 18. 18
- 19. Some outcomes
- 20. 20 • Political engagement: adopted by Ministers of Agriculture through Central American Agricultural Council (CAC) • Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA): plan to guide activities + political follow-up • Several single and multi-country initiatives inside and outside Latin America • reform national seed legislation of Guatemala, collection missions to fill gaps • national committee on PGRFA of Honduras use as roadmap • Countries in Asia, Africa and South-America, FAO commision PGRFA: use plan as guide • International Treaty: priority funding for activities implementing plan
- 21. Thank you
Editor's Notes
- Why do we need one? Severe climatic events: Mesoamerica is highly vulnerable to climate change Interdependence: adaptation of agriculture to new climates will need materials found beyond national frontiers Opportunities: native PGRFA represent present and future options for access to adapted seeds; within framework of the International Treaty
- So what is this plan exactly?
- So what is this plan exactly?
- TITLE AND TEXT
- DIVIDER SLIDE You can use it to introduce a section of your presentation.
- I thought that is probably more relevant for our discussion on Stratetigic objective 1 to focuss on the approach we used for the baseline assessment of the conservation component, although the plan does take the approach that conservation cannot exist without use.
- we performed a gap analysis to identify priority collection sites for ex situ conservation
- We assessed the potential impact of CC on crops and CWR and identified priority areas for in situ and on farm conservation
- We also looked at which materials already in genebanks are potentially adapted to different conditios (data on collection areas) As you can see this analysis was map-based and in the end this resulted in several thousands of maps, which we summarized to draw some general conclusions to inform the activities needed to improve the current conservation
- Our geospatial analysis was complemented with noumerous other inputs, obtained through participatory processes. We organised meeting with small-scale farners to gather their views about priorities in the adaptation to climate change We sent out a survey to Mesoamerican genebanks to get an idea about what the conservation and charecterization status the of germplasm in their collections And we organized three meeting with representatives from all participating countries and relevant institutions to integrate expert views in the plan (agriculture, environmental, climate change, civil society, academia)
- DIVIDER SLIDE You can use it to introduce a section of your presentation.
- The outputs are Itzamna and the strategic Action plan itself with six thematic components:
- We propose a new architecture for mesoamerican ex situ conservation. Until today most conservation activities are uncoordinated; we propose to interconnet the different actors, in a robust and resilient system which contributes to a more rationalized conservation As you can see community genebanks form the foundation in this new structure; they not only conserve seeds, but use them and as such may create new diversity better adapted to changing climate; they will also play a mayor role for response after natural disasters
- The plan takes a holistic approach; It considers that for the effective conservation of the diversity of crop genetic resources we need to simultaneously stimulate their use by local and indigenous farmers, who in many cases are the creators of this diversity and definitely its custodians. The plan proposes that in situ and on farm conservation activities of crop GR and their wild relatives would take place in biocultural territories that are fully integrated in and connected to existing consrevation initiatives in the region. As a final note and based on my presentation, I would like to highlight an issue that may be worth including in our discussion. We are all aware of the fact that there is an increasing availability of high quality secondary data, not only maps and remote sensing data but also genetic data, data on nutrition, and lots of types of socio economic data. These dataset are often characterised by the fact that they are …big… and hence require special treatment interms of storage, manipulation and analysis. Thus far there has not been a lot of coordination or centralization on this, with different scientists doing their thing in an ad hoc manner. But maybe there is a need to start addressing the analysis of big data more strategically… In one of Friday’s corss cutting sections Hannes and myself plan to organize a focussed discussion on this too.
- All the maps, baseline assesments, data on climate change in the region, summaries and the text of the plan itself can be found on this website which we have called ITZAMNA after the Maya god of wisdom, science and knowledge The data presented on the website is based on our baseline assessment, but it is our hope that the methods used to develop the maps and analyses will also be used for future implementation of the plan and the monitoring of progress in its implementation
- DIVIDER SLIDE You can use it to introduce a section of your presentation.