Sleep & rest pattern

1. Sleep & rest patternSleep & rest pattern
Muhammad BaqarMuhammad Baqar
RN, BScNRN, BScN

2. SleepSleep
 SLEEP - an altered state of consciousness inSLEEP - an altered state of consciousness in
which the individual’s perception of and reactionwhich the individual’s perception of and reaction
to the environment are decreased.to the environment are decreased.

3. RestRest
 REST - a state of calmness, relaxationREST - a state of calmness, relaxation
without emotional stress, and freedomwithout emotional stress, and freedom
from anxietyfrom anxiety

4. TYPES OF SLEEPTYPES OF SLEEP
 There are two types of sleep identified:There are two types of sleep identified:
 The NREM sleep (non- rapid eyeThe NREM sleep (non- rapid eye
movement sleep)movement sleep)
 The REM sleep ( rapid eye movementThe REM sleep ( rapid eye movement
sleep)sleep)

5. THE NREM SLEEPTHE NREM SLEEP
(Non- rapid eye movement sleep)(Non- rapid eye movement sleep)
 It is a deep, restful sleepIt is a deep, restful sleep
 There is a decreased physiologic functionsThere is a decreased physiologic functions
 All metabolic processes are reducedAll metabolic processes are reduced
 75% to 80% of sleep during night75% to 80% of sleep during night
 It is divided into FOUR stages:1- 4It is divided into FOUR stages:1- 4

6. NREM SleepNREM Sleep
 11stst
stage: in the first stage the person is:stage: in the first stage the person is:
 Aware of the surroundingAware of the surrounding
 Drowsy-relaxedDrowsy-relaxed
 Rolling eye movements
 very light sleepvery light sleep
 May awaken when callingMay awaken when calling
 Stage lasts few minStage lasts few min

7. Stages of normal sleep cycleStages of normal sleep cycle
 22ndnd
stage :stage :
 light sleeplight sleep
 body functions continue to slow down.body functions continue to slow down.
 Arousal easy.Arousal easy.
 Body temperature falls.Body temperature falls.
 Eyes may roll
 lasts about 10-15 minutes.lasts about 10-15 minutes.

8. Stages of normal sleep cycleStages of normal sleep cycle
33ndnd
stagestage
 Refers to a medium-depth sleep whereRefers to a medium-depth sleep where
 vital signs and metabolic processes slowvital signs and metabolic processes slow
 difficult to arouse.difficult to arouse.
 Muscles are completely relaxed.Muscles are completely relaxed.
 Stage lasts 15-30 minutes.Stage lasts 15-30 minutes.

9. Stages of normal sleep cycleStages of normal sleep cycle
 44thth
stage:stage:
 deepest sleepdeepest sleep
 heart rate and respiratory rate drop.heart rate and respiratory rate drop.
 No eye movement.
 muscles very relaxed
 difficult to waken
 Stage lasts 15-30 minutesStage lasts 15-30 minutes

10. REM (REM (Rapid eye movement) SleepSleep
 Recurs every 90 minRecurs every 90 min
 Dreams take placeDreams take place
 Rapidly moving eyesRapidly moving eyes
 Brain metabolic increaseBrain metabolic increase
 Gastric secretions increaseGastric secretions increase
 Heart rate and respiration rate irregularHeart rate and respiration rate irregular
 Muscle tone very low (except respiratory
muscles)
 During this stage all day events are reviewedDuring this stage all day events are reviewed
 Important information is categorized andImportant information is categorized and
integrated into brain storage systemintegrated into brain storage system
 Lasts 5 to 30 minLasts 5 to 30 min

11. Stage1 Stage2 Stage3 Stage4
Stage3
Stage2
REM
 Sleep CycleSleep Cycle
 All of us undergoes around 4-6 cycles ofAll of us undergoes around 4-6 cycles of
sleep of NREM to REMsleep of NREM to REM

12. Factors Affecting SleepFactors Affecting Sleep
 Age- One of the most important factorsAge- One of the most important factors
affecting persons sleep and rest periods.affecting persons sleep and rest periods.
 Illness- causing pain or physical distress canIllness- causing pain or physical distress can
result in sleep problems.result in sleep problems.
 Environment-Noise levelEnvironment-Noise level
 Fatigue- more tired shorter the first (REM)Fatigue- more tired shorter the first (REM)
sleepsleep
 Lifestyle-Shift workLifestyle-Shift work

13. Factors Affecting SleepFactors Affecting Sleep
 Emotional StressEmotional Stress
 AlcoholAlcohol
 DietDiet
 SmokingSmoking
 MedicationsMedications

14. Thank You !

15. References:References:
 Kozier& Erb‘s. Fundamentals of Nursing:Kozier& Erb‘s. Fundamentals of Nursing:
concepts, process and practice, 8thconcepts, process and practice, 8th
Edition.Edition.
 Potter & Perry's, Fundamentals ofPotter & Perry's, Fundamentals of
Nursing,2nd Edition.Nursing,2nd Edition.