6. AMINO ACIDS.pptx
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Amino Acids.pptx
- 1. Amino Acids Biochemistry Free For All
- 2. Part 1 - Amino Acids Structure and Chemistry • Building Blocks of Proteins • Essential Amino Acids • Basic Structure • Stereochemistry • Side Chain Chemistry • Properties • Ionization • Bonding
- 3. Amino Acids & Proteins • Workhorses of cell – Catalysis – Signaling – Structure – Energy/Gradient Generation • Proteins comprised of 20-21 amino acids
- 4. Amino Acids Essential Amino Acids
- 5. Basics of Structure Elements Alpha Amino Acids Differences in R Groups Alpha Carboxyl Alpha Carbon Alpha Amine
- 6. Basics of Structure Elements Alpha Amino Acids Differences in R Groups Examples Alpha Carboxyl Alpha Carbon Alpha Amine Alpha Carbon Alpha Carboxyl Alpha Amine R Asymmetric Center
- 7. Basics of Structure Elements Alpha Amino Acids Differences in R Groups Examples Alpha Carboxyl Alpha Carbon Alpha Amine R 18 Alpha Amine Alpha Carbon Alpha Carboxyl Asymmetric Center
- 8. Amino Acids D and L Isomers Stereochemistry Almost all biological amino acids are in the L-configuration
- 9. Categorizing Amino Acids Non-Polar Carboxyl Amine Aromatic Hydroxyl Other Alanine Aspartic Acid Arginine Phenylalanine Serine Asparagine Glycine Glutamic Acid Histidine Tryptophan Threonine Cysteine Isoleucine Lysine Tyrosine Tyrosine Glutamine Leucine Selenocysteine Methionine Pyrrolysine Proline Valine
- 10. Ionizable R-groups Name Charged R-group Approximate R-group pKa Aspartic Acid Glutamic Acid -COO- -COO- 4.1 4.1 Lysine Arginine Histidine -NH3 + =NH2 + =-NH+ 10.5 12.5 6.0 Cysteine -S- 8.2 Tyrosine -O- 10.5
- 11. Amino Acids Aromatic R-Groups Tyrosine Phenylalanine Tryptophan Alpha Carboxyl Alpha Carbon Alpha Amine
- 12. Amino Acids Aromatic R-Groups Tyrosine Phenylalanine Tryptophan R R R
- 13. Amino Acids Aromatic R-Groups Charges at Physiological pH Tyrosine Phenylalanine Tryptophan R R R Ionizes at high pH
- 14. Amino Acids Aliphatic R-Groups Leucine Proline Alanine Glycine Isoleucine Valine Methionine H
- 15. Amino Acids Aliphatic R-Groups Leucine Proline Alanine Glycine Isoleucine Valine Methionine H
- 16. Amino Acids Aliphatic R-Groups Charges at Physiological pH
- 17. Amino Acids R-Group Carboxyls Aspartic Acid Glutamic Acid
- 18. Amino Acids R-Group Carboxyls Aspartic Acid Glutamic Acid R R
- 19. Amino Acids R-Group Carboxyls Charges at physiological pH Aspartic Acid Glutamic Acid R R
- 20. Amino Acids Hydroxyl R-Groups Serine Threonine Tyrosine
- 21. Amino Acids Hydroxyl R-Groups Serine Threonine Tyrosine
- 22. Amino Acids Hydroxyl R-Groups Charges at Physiological pH Serine Threonine Tyrosine Ionizes at high pH
- 23. Amino Acids Sulfhydryl R-Group Cysteine
- 24. Amino Acids Sulfhydryl R-Group Cysteine Ionizes at about pH = 8 +
- 25. Amino Acids Carboxamide R-Groups Asparagine Glutamine
- 26. Amino Acids Carboxamide R-Groups Asparagine Glutamine
- 27. Amino Acids Carboxamide R-Groups Asparagine Glutamine
- 28. Amino Acids Ionizable Amine R-Groups Lysine Arginine Histidine
- 29. Amino Acids Ionizable Amine R-Groups Lysine Arginine Histidine
- 30. Amino Acids Ionizable Amine R-Groups Charges at Physiological pH Lysine Arginine Histidine
- 31. Rare Amino Acids
- 32. Non-Protein Amino Acids Carnitine Also - Citrulline, Ornithine, others
- 33. Amino Acids Ionization
- 34. Amino Acids Ionization -by pKa Values
- 35. Amino Acids Ionization -by pKa Values
- 36. Ionization -by pKa Values Amino Acids
- 37. Amino Acids Ion Locations in Titration
- 38. Amino Acids Ionization -by pKa Values
- 39. Amino Acids Ionization -by pKa Values
- 40. Amino Acids Ionization -by pKa Values Charge = -2
- 41. Ionization Changes Charges Within Proteins Changes in Charge Change Activities
- 42. Post-translational Modifications
- 43. Phosphorylated Amino Acids
- 44. Breakdown of Amino Acids
- 45. Peptide Bond Formation
