overpopulation causes and measures,poverty types,causes and measures.ASEAN countries, Pak relations with ASEAN

2. ASSIGNMENT SUBMITTED TO:
MAM RABIA
Submitted by:
Arooj Bilal 533
Kiran Iftikhar 524
Queen Mary college Lahore

3. ASSIGNMENT TOPICS
•Contemporary issues of Pakistan :
Population Poverty
Pakistan relation with ASEAN :

4. • There are some definitions of population discussed below:
• General: A particular section, group, or type of living things
(people and animal) living in an area or country.
• Specific: The people living within a political or geographical
boundary.
• The population is all the organisms that both belong to the same
species or groups and live in the same geographical area.
• A group of individuals or items that share one or more
characteristics from which data can be gathered and analyzed.

5. POPULATION IN PAKISTAN

6. • From the past few decades the population of Pakistan is
increasing, as Pakistan is a developing country the
population expansion is a major problem of our country.
• The population of Pakistan was first reported
163.77millions persons in 2009,according to the
international monetary fund (IMF)
• Estimated population of Pakistan on March 18,2012
179019103 according to the’’ population census
organization’’
• The population of Pakistan represents 2.56 percent of the world´s
total population which arguably means that one person in every
39 people on the planet is a resident of Pakistan.
•

7. •
• The total population in Pakistan was
last recorded at 188.2 million people in
2014 from 45.9 million in 1960, changing
310 percent during the last 50 years.
Population in Pakistan averaged 105.82
Million from 1960 until 2014, reaching
an all time high of 188.20 Million in 2014
and a record low of 45.85 Million in 1960.
Population in Pakistan is reported by
the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
• In 2015, Pakistan’s population is
expected to be 180.54billions persons.
• The principle holds true within
individual households ‘’ ALLAH has
given us eight children, we are
fortunate’’

8. •World’s most populous countries includes:
 China
India
USA
Indonesia
 Brazil
 Pakistan
Bangladesh
Russia
Nigeria
• Pakistan is world’s 6th most populous country.
• Pakistan’s natural growth rate is 2.05%
• With the same growth Pakistan will become fourth largest nation in 2050.

9. POPULATION CAUSES
OVERPOPULATION OBSTACLES;

11. OVER POPULATION
•The term “Over Population” or “Population Explosion” is used
to express the idea of more population for fewer resources
‘’ The condition of having a dense population causing
environmental detoriation, an impaired quality of life, or a
population crash’’

12. CAUS
ESCauses
There are the following causes of population exploitation in
Pakistan.
1) ALLAH is Razik
2) High Growth rate
3) Low death rate
4) Illiteracy
5) Absence of family planning
6) Unemployment
7) Afghans refugees
8) No or less opportunity cost
9) Lower per capital income
10) Polygamy practice

13. 11- Early Marriages
12- Universality of marriage
13- Desire for male child
14- Large size family
15- Joint family system
16- Inefficient population
17- Failure of governmental policies

14. MEASURES OF OVER POPULATION

15. The government of Pakistan shall have to chalk out and implement
the four fold measures to fight the problem of overpopulation.
•Economic measures
Thefollowingeconomicmeasures,ifadoptedseriously,offeralongtermsolutionto
theproblemofpopulation.
Modernizationofagriculture.
Expansiontotheindustrialsector.
Creationofemploymentopportunitiesinruralareas.
Fairdistributionofincome.

16. Social measures:
Social measures may include
To spread education
Restricting early marriages
Improving the status of women

17. Family planning measures
Administrative measures

19. Some definitions of poverty:
Poverty is general scarcity or death, or the state of one who lacks a certain amount of
material possessions or money. Absolute poverty or destitution refers to the deprivation
of basic human needs, which commonly includes food, water, sanitation, clothing,
shelter, health care and education.
o “A certain level of material deprivation, below which an individual suffers physically,
emotionally and socially”
o “Poverty also encompasses low levels of health and education, poor access to clean
water and sanitation, inadequate physical security, lack of voice, and insufficient
capacity and opportunity to better one’s life”
(World Bank)

20. SITUATION IN PAKISTAN
Poverty in Pakistan Is
a growing concern as it
is a developed country.
Although the middle
class has grown to 35
million, nearly one-
quarter of the
population is classified
poor as of 2006.
As of 2008, 17.2% of
the total population lives
below the poverty line,
which is the lowest
figure in the history of
Pakistan.

21. STATISTICAL ESTIMATION
According to a study conducted by the center for research on poverty and
income distribution (CRPID), 63% of poor in Pakistan fall in the category
of ‘transitory poor’.
The remaining 32.5% fall below the poverty line are ‘chronic’ and
‘extremely poor’ respectively. Similarly on the other side 13% and 21% of
total non-poor (above the poverty line) are classified as ‘transitory non-
poor’. A study on poverty has brought Pakistan face to face with a reality
that it will find hard to accept: every third Pakistani is caught in the
“poor” bracket which means about 58.7 million out of a total population of
180 million subsist below the poverty line.

23. Types of poverty
Absolute poverty:-
It refers to the state of severe deprivation of basic human needs. Lack of basic human needs like clean water, nutrition,
health, care, education, clothing, and shelter.
Relative poverty:-
The condition of having fewer resources and lesser income as compared to others within a society or a country, or as
compared to worldwide averages.

24. EFFECTS OF POVERTY
There the following effects of poverty that occur on
national level
• Child labor in Pakistan
• De track from moral and religious values
• Crimes and violence
• Health problems
• Sub-standard lives

25. CHILD LABOR IN PAKISTAN
The first and most immediate Effects of Poverty in Pakistani Society is that People will not
send their child to Schools. As we know that "CHILD IS THE FATHER OF
TOMORROW", if our child wasted in this way then not only our Society but Country will
face problems in the future. Today in Pakistan about 4 million Children in the age group of
5-14 years are working (Federal Bureau of Statistics).

26. • De-track from Moral and Religious values
"No man can worship God or love his neighbor on an empty stomach." (Woodrow- T. Wilson)
From the above quotation we can very easily understand that what people are doing in the state of Poverty. They did not
care of the Moral or Religious value. What is good for them is that which satisfy their needs and necessities.
• Crimes and Violence
Crime and violence is the direct Effect of Poverty in Pakistan. The most common form of human trafficking is for
prostitution (violence), which is largely fueled by poverty. According to a survey, most of poor men violence on their
wives for income purposes. They force their women family members to earn something even by selling their bodies.
Street crime is also the ultimate Effect of Poverty in Pakistan.

27. Health Problems
Poor people are suffering from so many diseases. They haven't enough resources for treatment. This is
the reason that Pakistan is ranked 135th out of 194 countries in the Index of Life Expectancy at the time
of Birth. In Pakistan the life Expectancy rate at the time of Birth is very low i.e. 65 years. Whereas, in
western countries it is 80+ years i.e. Japan, Hong Kong, Australia, Switzerland, Iceland etc.
 Sub-standard lives
By observing above factors one can very easily understand that overall Effect of Poverty in Pakistani
Society is that, they are living Sub-Standard life.

28. CAUSES OF POVERTY
These are the major problems causing poverty in Pakistan.
 Policies of Government
 Corruption
 Division of agricultural land
 Materialism
 Lack of Education
 Large scale Import
 Unemployment

29. What has government do to eradicate poverty???
• Be-Nazir income support program (BISP)
• Emergency relief packages
• Health insurance
• People’s work program(PWP) I,II
• Pakistan Bait-ul-Maal (PBM)
• Employees old age benefits institution(EOBI)
• Zakat

30. Did It HELP..

31. SOLUTIONS TO POVERTY

32. Poverty will never end unless there are real solution to end it, solutions based on
economic justice and political changes.
• The full equality between men and women in public as well as private areas of life,
and the end of child labor under the age of 16 with the creation of subsidy for
scholarship.
• The guarantee of shelter, healthcare, education, food and drinking water as basic
human rights that must be provided to all.
• Government should create better policies to tackle this problem and learn from our
past. There should be policies to providing jobs to unemployed people.
• Charity programs should be implement
• Donate things you don’t use to charity

33. •Donate things you don’t use to charity
•Donate foods to food banks that won’t spoil
•Increase literacy rate and increase technical education to moving
people towards technical professional life.
•Avoid wars
•A total redistribution of idle lands to landless farmers and the
imposition of 50% cap on arable land devoted to products for
export per country

34. PAKISTAN RELATIONS WITH ASEAN

36. FOUNDING OF ASEAN
On 8 August 1967, five leaders - the Foreign Ministers of Indonesia,
Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand - sat down together in the
main hall of the Department of Foreign Affairs building in Bangkok, Thailand
and signed a document. By virtue of that document, the Association of
Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was born. The five Foreign Ministers who
signed it - Adam Malik of Indonesia ,Narciso R. Ramos of the Philippines,
Tun Abdul Razak of Malaysia, S. Rajaratnam of Singapore, and Thanat
Khoman of Thailand - would subsequently be hailed as the Founding
Fathers of probably the most successful inter-governmental organization in
the developing world today. And the document that they signed would be
known as the ASEAN Declaration.

37. ASEAN MEMBER COUNTRIES

38. ASEAN Motto:
“One vision, one identity, one community“

39. AIMS AND PURPOSES
To promote regional peace and stability.
To promote active collaboration and mutual assistance.
To accelerate the economic growth, social progress and cultural development in
the region through joint endeavors in the spirit of equality and partnership.
To collaborate more effectively for the greater utilization of their agriculture
and industry.
To promote southeast Asian studies; and
To maintain close and beneficial cooperation with existing international and
regional organizations with similar aims and purposes, and explore all avenues for
even closer cooperation among themselves.
To provide assistance to each other in the form of training and research
facilities in the educational, professional, technical, and administrative spheres.
 To develop human resources through closer cooperation in education and life-
long learning, and in science and technology, for the empowerment of the
peoples of ASEAN and for the strengthening of the ASEAN Community

40. Pakistan relation with ASEAN organizations:
• Pakistan recognizes, and in turn is recognized by, all the 10 countries of the Asean. However, it does not have
resident consulates in all Asean capitals nor do all the Asean states maintain diplomatic outpost in Islamabad.
• Pakistan’s relations with the Asean countries are normal, friendly and unmarred by any conflict or disputes. They
cooperate with one another on full range of international issues. In the past Pakistan had, on one occasion, some
serious differences with Malaysia which caused severance of diplomatic relations between 1965 and 1967.Its
relations with Vietnam were suspended for many years when Vietnam was involved in the Cambodian crisis and
Pakistan was engaged in conflict with the Soviet Union for its occupation of Afghanistan
• Pakistan had long-standing trade relations with several Asean countries-
(ASEAN–Pakistan Relations: Constraints and Opportunities notably with Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia,
Thailand, Burma and the Philippines. During the last four or five years Pakistan’s trade with Southeast Asian
countries has increased, but the volume to trade stand satUS$1.5billion, whereas India’s trade has been estimated at
$12.5billionand rapidly rising. The balance of trade is heavily in favor of the Asean partners. Most of the Pakistani
exports to Asean are agricultural primary product and low-tech industrial goods. Pakistan was accepted as a
sectorial dialogue partner in 1993 and eight sectors were identified for Asean-Pakistan cooperation. They were:
trade, industry, investment, science and technology, drugs and narcotic control, human resource development,
environment and trade.
Expansion of trade and investment between Pakistan and Asean countries is eminently feasible and will be
mutually rewarding. There is considerable degree of complementarity between the two sides.

41. •Singapore Pakistan development forum:
by the Pakistan High Commission in Singapore which under the leadership if its High
Commissioner Mr. Abdul Moiz Bokhari has helped in the formation of Singapore
Pakistan Development Forum (SPADE) composed of Singapore and Pakistani
businessmen and professionals with a view to promoting cooperation in five selected
areas: Information and communication technology, Tourism, Trade, Investment,
Education and Human Resource Development and Medical Sciences. It has sponsored
trade delegations between Pakistan and Singapore and has been active in pursuing its
stated objectives.
•ARF membership:
Pakistan has been very keen to get membership in the ARF. Now comprising 23
members, the ARF has become an important venue for multilateral security dialogue
in the Asia- Pacific region. Sofar , Pakistan’s attempts to become a full dialogue
partner and secure a seat in the ARF have not been successful. In some Pakistani
quarters and press, India is blamed for this.

42. • Tourism
Tourism is another large untapped area of development. Pakistan has alot more to offer
than many Southeast Asian countries, including Malaysia and Singapore which have yet
be enable to develop a thriving and profitable tourist trade.
• Islamabad summit:
The Islamabad Summit in January 2004 , also denoted a new mood about promoting
economic cooperation among the countries of South Asia and exploring the feasibility of
a free trade are in the region. It may also pave the way for promoting cooperation
between the SAARC and its sister organization ASEAN: the two have remained
strangers to each other for all these years.

43. OVERVIEW OF ASEAN-PAKISTAN SECTORAL
DIALOGUE COOPERATION
Introduction
 Pakistan was accorded the sectoral dialogue status of ASEAN at the 26th ASEAN
Ministerial Meeting on 23 July 1993.
The inaugural meeting to establish the ASEAN-Pakistan Sectoral Dialogue Relations
was held on 5-7 November 1997 in Islamabad. The inaugural meeting agreed that
ASEAN-Pakistan Sectoral Dialogue would initially cover cooperation in trade,
industry, investment, environment, science and technology, drugs and narcotics, tourism
and human resources development.
The ASEAN-Pakistan Sectoral Dialogue Relations was institutionalised through the
convening of the First Meeting of the ASEAN-Pakistan Joint Sectoral Cooperation
Committee (APJSCC) on 5 February 1999 in Bali. The APJSCC has met five times, the
second being held on 28 February – 1 March 2001 in Islamabad, the third Meeting on
5-6 June 2006 in Islamabad, the fourth Meeting on 3 June 2008 and the fifth Meeting
on 31 May 2011 at the ASEAN Secretariat.

44. Cooperation
Pakistan acceded to the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia on 2 July 2004 in Jakarta. On
the same day Pakistan was also admitted as the 24th participant of the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF).
 ASEAN and Pakistan signed the Joint Declaration for Cooperation to Combat Terrorism at the sidelines
of the 12th ARF on 29 July 2005 in Vientiane.
 In trade, ASEAN and Pakistan have undertaken a Joint Feasibility Study for an ASEAN-Pakistan Free
Trade Agreement (FTA) to enhance and expand the overall ASEAN-Pakistan economic engagement. The
Joint Feasibility Study was done by researchers of both sides: the Pakistan Institute of Development
Economics (PIDE) and the Malaysian Institute of Economic Research (MIER). At the 41st AEM held in
Bangkok, Thailand, on 13-14 August 2009, the Ministers noted the completion of the Joint Study on the
Feasibility of the ASEAN-Pakistan Free Trade Area and agreed to defer consideration of the
recommendations contained in the study.
 In 2012, ASEAN’s total trade with Pakistan amounted to US$6.3 billion. ASEAN’s exports to Pakistan
recorded at US$5.3 billion while imports by ASEAN recorded at US$1.1 billion. Foreign Direct
Investment to ASEAN from Pakistan in 2012 was US$13 million.
On other areas of cooperation, ASEAN and Pakistan have undertaken cooperation in trade, industry and
investment, science and technology, drugs and narcotics, environment, tourism, and human resources
development.

45. On human resources development, Pakistan offers annual 10 fully-funded scholarships in information
technology, banking, engineering and medicine for students from ASEAN Member States. Pakistan
has also offered scholarships in an English Language Training Programme for CLMV countries.
 A number of cooperation projects have been carried out with funding support from the ASEAN-
Pakistan Cooperation Fund including the First Meeting of ASEAN-Pakistan Business Council and
ASEAN-Pakistan Trade Facilitation Workshop, both held back-to-back on 21-22 February 2000 in
Karachi, the Workshop on Industrial and Composite Design Applications on 29-31 October 2002 in
Islamabad, the Multimedia Training and Resources Development on 20 November-2 December 2006
in Islamabad, the ASEAN-Pakistan Workshop on Geo-informatics on 10-12 September 2007 in
Islamabad, the Pakistan-ASEAN Workshop on Halal Food Production Technology and Certification
System on 11-12 March 2009 in Karachi, the ASEAN-Pakistan Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Joint
Feasibility Study which was finalised in 2009, and the ASEAN-Pakistan Photo Exhibition on 8-16
March 2011.

46. JOINT PRESS STATEMENT OF THE INAUGURAL MEETING ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF
ASEAN PAKISTAN SECTORAL DIALOGUE RELATIONS, ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN 5-7
NOVEMBER 1997
• The Inaugural Meeting on the Establishment of ASEAN-Pakistan Sectoral Dialogue Relations was held in Islamabad on 5-7
November 1997.
• The Meeting was attended on the ASEAN side by H.E. Dato' Ajit Singh, General of ASEAN, the leader of the delegation; H. E.
Pengiran Mashor Pengiran Ahmad, Director-General, ASEAN-Brunei Darussalam; H.E. Mr. Witjaksana Soegarda, Director-
General, ASEAN-Indonesia; H.E. Mr. Somphit Khousakoun, Director-General ASEAN-Laos; H.E. Dato' Abdul Majid Ahmad
Khan, Director-General, ASEAN-Malaysia; Mr.Khin Maung Lynn, Charge d' Affaires, Embassy of the Union of Myanmar in
Islamabad; H.E. Mr.Ernesto V. LLamas, Director-General, ASEAN-Philippines; H.E.Mr. Michael Cheok, Director-General,
ASEAN-Singapore; H.E. Mr. Anucha Osat hanond, Director General, ASEAN-Thailand; Mrs. Hoang Thi Ninh, Deputy
Director-General, ASEAN-Vietnam; H.E. Mr. Dodi Sutanto, Ambassador of the Republic of Indonesia and Chairman of the
ASEAN-Islamabad Committee, and their respective delegations.
• The Pakistan delegation was led by Foreign Secretary His Excellency Mr. Sbamshad Ahmad and included senior officials from the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and other concerned Ministries.
• The Meeting was inaugurated by H.E. Mr. Gohar Ayub Khan, Foreign Minister of Pakistan and H.E. Dato' Ajit Singh Secretary-
General ASEAN. In his address, His Excellency Mr. Gohar Ayub Khan emphasized the importance of the Sectoral Dialogue and
stressed Pakistan's strong desire for a closer relationship with ASEAN.
• In his opening statement, H.E. Dato'Ajit Singh pointed out that this Meeting was a demonstrations of the great importance the
Government of Pakistan attached having closer ties with ASEAN. He said that ASEAN welcomed very much this orientation of
Pakistan towards the ASEAN region and expressed ASEAN's readiness to work with her for the mutual benefit of both our
peoples.

47. • The ASEAN Secretary General and his accompanying delegation called on H.E. Mr. Mohammad Nawaz
Sharif, Prime Minister of Pakistan. His Excellency Mr. Nawaz Sharif expressed satisfaction at the
formalization of ASEAN-Pakistan Sectoral Cooperation and appreciated the progress made in the
identification of the areas and modalities of mutually-beneficial cooperation between Pakistan and
ASEAN. He expressed the hope that the ASEAN-Pakistan Sectoral Dialogue would lead to Full
Dialogue Partnership at the earliest possible
• On the areas of cooperation, the Meeting agreed that ASEAN-Pakistan Sectoral Dialogue will initially
cover the sectors of trade, industry, investment, environment, science and technology, drugs and narcotics,
tourism and human resource development. Several proposals made by Pakistan in the areas of cooperation
were discussed during the meeting. These, included:
(i) setting-up of Joint Working Group on Trade Facilitation and Export Financing;
(ii) Establishment of ASEAN-Pakistan Trade and Investment Promotion Centre;
(iii) Promotion of foreign investment and joint ventures; and
(iv) Close collaboration in the fields of textile technology, palm oil, electronics, and automobile industry.

48. Thank you