A presentation about 3D printing. During the 5th meeting of the REDIC Eramus+ project, pupils had the chance to experiment with the design and printing of 3D objects.

1. 3D DESIGN AND
PRINTING
21-02-2017

2. 3D printing
What is 3D printing?
3D printing (3D printing, Rapid prototyping, Additive manufacturing)
is a phrase, which describes the creation of 3D object from the digital
model (which is presented in digital format with the help of calculating
machine) and 3D printer.
The process resembles the normal printing on paper. The difference is
that this is done many times (layer by layer. It is formed 3D body).
 Applied material may be the most different (metals, various
plastics, resins, plaster, It is even experimented with concrete and
food).

3. 3D printing

4. 3D printing nowadays

5. 3D printing nowadays
1kg lift into the space costs 15.000- 25.000 €

6. 3D printing nowadays

7. 3D printing nowadays

8. 3D printing nowadays

9. 3D printing nowadays

10. 3D printing nowadays

11. 3D printing nowadays

12. 3D printing nowadays

13. 3D printing nowadays

14. 3D printing stages
 Preprinting processes
 Printing
 Postprinting processes

15. 3D printing stages
Preprinting processes. CAD and scanning. 3D model.

16. 3D printing stages
Preprinting processes. CAD and scanning. 3D model.
AutoCad;
Autodesk Inventor;
Catia;
SolidWorks;
Draftsight – ( free software 2D);
Autodesk 123D ( free software – various
applications);
SketchUp( free software – various applications).

17. 3D printing stages
Preprinting processes. CAD and scanning. 3D model.
3D scanning technology.
3D scanner is a device, that analyses a real-world
object or environment to collect data on its shape and
possibly its appearance (e.g. colour). The collected
data can then be used to construct digital three-
dimensional models.

18. 3D printing processes
Preprinting processes. CAD and scanning. 3D model.
When the reconstructed 3D model is designed it is saved in STL
format. (Here is an example of CAD and STL format ( it consists of
9548 triangles).

19. 3D printing stages
Preprinting processes. 3D model.
You can browse 3D models in STL format on websites. Links:
https://all3dp.com/best-sites-free-stl-files-3d-printing/
https://grabcad.com/library/software/stl
https://www.thingiverse.com/
Some of the models you can simply print out, and some before
printing you can correct using CAD programs.

20. 3D printing stages
The printing ways. Materials.
3D printers (and production technology) can be classified
according to the number of signs (the accuracy, work temperature,
the product size, materials, ...).
It is quite important to classify according to the materials used in
the physical state. It depends on:
1. They are made of the liquid state materials;
2. They are made of "powder" state materials;
3. They are made of solid state materials;
4. Other (exotic).

21. 3D printing stages
Printing ways:
1. Vat Photopolymerization;
2. Material Extrusion;
3. Material Jetting;
4. Binder Jetting;
5. Powder Small Tub Fusion;
6. Sheet Lamination;
7.Directed Energy Deposition.

22. 3D printing stages
Printing ways:
Sheet Lamination; Links:
https://youtu.be/6C7bjzIW610
Vat Photopolymerization;
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3p9xnjGKCT0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2J2DchVHa5s
Binder Jetting;
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oy3cnQVtzD8
Material Extrusion;
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FP06iB1qF8k

23. 3D printing stages
Materials: http://3dworkshop.lt/plastiko-3d-spausdinimas/
ABS plastic;
PLA plastic;
PVA (polyvinyl alcohol, PVA is soluble in water and it
is suitable for use as auxiliary material);
Nylon (elastic, strong, highly resistant to abrasion,
resistant to the most solvents.);
HIPS (impact resistant polystyrene);
And others...

24. 3D printing stages
 ABS plastic:
This plastic is odorless, non-toxic, impact resistant, easy to color and machinable.
Plastic strength can be compared to pine. Printed models are durable, suitable
for use from -40 to 80°C, but they are resistless to direct sunlight. Compared
to PLA plastic, it is difficult to use for printing it – during the printing it cools
and deforms.
 PLA plastic:
It is the most ecological plastic used for 3D printing. This plastic is stronger than
ABS plastic, resistant to decay, but it is a bit fragile. It is easy to use for
printing, parts do not deform and are odorless. The ecology has its price. PLA
is non-durable, when it is exposed by moisture and sunlight, it gradually
(during the two years) disintegrates. So it is unsuitable under outdoors
conditions. The ambient temperature cannot be more than 50°C.

25. 3D printing stages
Postprinting processes. (The removal of supported systems,
thermal processing, hardening, painting, polishing…)

26. 3D printing future
We can find a lot of new and very innovative companies every day.
They are usually:
- 3D printers producers;
- Software developers;
- Producers and suppliers of materials for 3D printing;
- Service providers (providing a variety of products on request);
- Specialized manufacturers and service providers ( for example, in
medical, dental, design, engineering and food industry).

27. 3D printing future

28. 3D printing future

29. 3D printing future

30. 3D printing future

31. MakerBot replicator Z18

32. MakerBot replicator Z18
Technicial data:
PLA printing material is used for printing;
It is used FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling);
The volume of the printed object is 42512 cm³ (30,5 I x 30,5 G x 45,7 A) cm;
Enclosed and heated printing chamber;
The diameter of printing material is 1,75 mm;
Printing material Makerbot. The coil sizes of materials:
 L: 0,90 kg
 XL: 2,26 kg arba XXL: 4,53 kg (necessary Makerbot plastic container)
Minimum molded thickness ≤ 0,1mm;
File types: STL, OBJ, THING;
Setup options: Wi-Fi, USB, internal network (Ethernet);
Integrated video camera, resolution 320 x 240.

33. MakerBot replicator Z18
Website:
http://store.makerbot.com/replicator-z18
Printer software:
http://www.makerbot.com/desktop
https://ultimaker.com/en/products/cura-software

34. MakerBot replicator Z18
Printing step by step
File preparing
Printer preparing
Printing

35. Thank you for your attention!