A complete descripion about OHSAS and its models, overview of OHSAS 180001

1. OHSAS
PRESENTED BY-
ANTARA PAUL (02)
SHREETI MISHRA (26)

2. OHSAS
OHSAS 18001 is an internationally applied British Standard for occupational health and
safety management systems
 It helps all kinds of organizations to put in place demonstrably sound occupational health and safety
performance
Understand loss causation and control
Understand risk identification, evaluation and assessment methods
Identify the gaps in their own OH&S and improve upon them
Measure, monitor and audit the system for continual improvement

3. ◦ LIFE
◦ Employees
◦ Contractors
◦ Customers
◦ Community
PROPERTY
Share holders
Insurance company
Financial institutions
National wealth
Customer’s products
ENVIRONMENT
What we owe to the future
generations
SAFETY

4. NEED FOR SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Improved compliance
 Reduction in liability and risk
 Reduction in hospital hours
 Improved internal management
 Improved relationship with authorities
 Confidence with stake holders, public

5. DEVELOPMENT OF QUALITY CONCEPTS
◦
◦ TQM
◦ All the above plus involving customers,
◦ employees and customers
QM
Planning, checking all management
functions
QA
Planning & checking
QC
Inspection

6. SAFETY MANAGEMENT EFFORTS
 Must address all Management elements for control
 Must address normal, abnormal and emergency conditions
 Must have measurable parameters
 Must be goal driven
 Must be relevant to hazards and risks
 Must involve all employees
 Must promote continual improvement

7. Safety performance / achievements
Time
OH & S MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

8. BENEFITS OF OH&SMS
 Systematic approach
 Improved communication
 Improved safety & health performance
 Reductions in accidents, costs, staff absence and / or claims
 Reductions in adverse publicity
 Improved insurance liability rating
 Improved production out put

9. OHS RISK MANAGEMENT
The Essence of risk management is to avoid high risks, manage medium risks and live with low
risks

10. ACCIDENT CAUSATION MODEL
Lack of
control
Basic
causes
Immediate
causes
Incident Loss
LOSS CONTROL MODEL

11. Lack of
control
Inadequate
System
Sys. Stds
Compliance
to stds
Basic
causes
Personel
factors
System /
job
factors
Immediate
causes
Sub std.
Practices
Sub std.
Conditions
Incident
Event
Loss
Unintended
harm
and / or
damage
Threshold limit
LOSS CAUSATION MODEL

12. Lack of
control
Basic
causes
Immediate
causes
Incident Loss
• Inadequate system
• Inadequate system standards
• Inadequate compliance with standards
LACK OF CONTROL

13. Lack of
control
Basic
causes
Immediate
causes
Incident Loss
Personal Factors System / Job Factors
Inadequate capability Inadequate leadership
Lack of Knowledge Inadequate Engineering
Lack of skill Inadequate Purchasing
Stress Inadequate tools, equipment
Improper motivation Inadequate maintenance
Wear and Tear
Abuse and Misuse
BASIC CAUSES

14. SAFETY DEPENDS ON
◦ HARDWARE
◦ the plant and upkeep
SOFTWARE
The organisation
HUMANWARE
The people

15. HARDWARE
the plant and upkeep
HUMANWARE
The people
SOFTWARE
The organisation
Planned
Inspection
Critical task and
procedures
Recruitment and
placement
Engineering
and change
Accident / incident
reporting, analysis
Procurement
Maintenance
Health and Hygiene
Personal and group communications
PPE
Task observations
Training
(skill, knowledge)
Rules, work
permits
Emergency
preparedness
System
review
Materials and
services Mgmt
Leadership
SAFETY
DEPENDS
ON

16. HAZARDS
Potential to cause harm
Injury
Damage to environment
Damage to assets
Ill health
A source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health, damage to property,
environment or combination of these

17. RISKS
 LIKELIHOOD and
 CONSEQUENCE of hazardous event occurring
The combination of the likelihood and consequence of a specified hazardous event occurring
Risk can also be expressed as probability and extent of damage or loss

18. Occupational Health Hazards
Chemical
Dust / fibres
Fumes
Smockes
Mists / aerosols
Gases
Vapours
Biological
Virus, bacteria, fungi etc.,
Physical
 Noise
 Vibration
 Temperature
 Radiation
 Illumination
 Pressure
Ergonomic
 Lifting, repetitive motion,
 Fatigue, pressure etc.,

19. EVALUATION
 Chemical concentration
 Route of exposure
 Length of exposure
 Frequency of exposure
 Individual variation
 Drug / medicine reactions
 Chemical formulations
 Environment
 Controls in use

20. RISK CRITERIA
Defining the “pain threshold” for
 Major Loss
Significant
 Serious Loss
 Minor Loss
… for affecting the OHS situation

21. Hazard Identification
Risk Evaluation
Prepare OHS Programme
TERMINATE
Avoid or
Eliminate
the hazard
TREAT
OHS
Management
System
TOLERATE
Acceptable
level of Risk
TRANSFER
Insurance
Implement OHS Programme
Monitor ( measure evaluate, commend or correct )
Management
of risks..

22. STEPS FOR CONTROL OF OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH ISSUES
Plan
Identify the OH exposures in your organisation
Set standards on exposure limits, monitoring and control of factors
Do
Control the causes, implement controls, monitor work place
Check
Health check ups, area monitoring trends, evaluate new exposure
Act
Correct deficiencies, set new standards, allocate resources, set improvement targets

23. OHSAS 18001
 The OHSAS 18001 specification was updated in July 2007
 the new specification was more closely aligned with structures of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 so
that organizations could more easily adopt OHSAS 18001 alongside existing management
systems.
 Additionally, the "health" component of "health and safety" was given greater emphasis

24. APPLICABLE TO ORGANIZATIONS
 Wish to eliminate or minimize hazards.
 Wish to have OH&S Assessment system .
 Assure conformation to OH&S Policy.
 Demonstrate by seeking certifications.

25. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
 Depends on the size of the organization
 Organization can implement them in full or select specific area in the company
 Nature of its activities
1. Establish and Maintain OHSAS system

26. OHSAS POLICY
2. Have a OH&S policy. The OH&S policy shall be
 Authorized by top Management.
 Appropriate to the nature and scale of OH&S risks.
 Commitment to Continual improvement.
 Committed to comply with legislation of the land.
 Documented & communicated to interested parties.
 Reviewed periodically to keep the policy relevant and appropriate to the organization.

27. Inputs for the Quality Policy
 Relative to business .
 OH&S hazards of the organization- Past & Present.
 legal and other requirements (eg corporate or group goal)
 Legal and other interested parties.
 Opportunities and need for continuous improvement.
 Resources needed ,contribution of employees and contribution of contractors and other
external personnel.

28. PLANNING FOR HAZARD
IDENTIFICATION
RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL
1. Documented Procedure required for
 Identification of Hazards.
 Assessment of risks .
 Risk control measures.
2. Should keep this information up to date
 this is a feed back for OH&S policy.
Contd...

29. 3. Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control
process should cover,
 routine and non-routine activities
 activities are personnel exposed to risk including sub-contractors and
visitors
 all work places,included sub-contracted activities (inside the organization).
Contd...

30. 4. The methodology for hazard identification and risk
assessment shall be
 Defined with respect to scope of the activity
 Proactive ( not reactive)
 classified ( elimination, control, use of PPE)
 dependent on the facility and training needed/available.
 Monitored for effectiveness periodically.
 To be reviewed at effective periodical.

31. Legal and other Requirements
1.Establish and maintain a procedure for
 Identifying the legal and other OH&S requirements the company.
 Accessing the current status of such requirements in the company.
2.Keep this information up to date
 communicate relevant information on legal and other requirements to company’s
employees and other interested portion.

32. OBJECTIVES
1. Have documented OH&S objectives at each relevant
function/level.
2. The objectives shall be based on
 Legal and other and risks.
 Technological option.
 Its OH&S hazards and risks.
 Financial,operational and business requirement.
 Views from interested parties.
3. There shall be a commitment to continual improvement

33. IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION
OF OHSAS MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMME
Implementation
and
Operation
Audit
Checking and Corrective action
Feed back from
measuring
performance
Planning

34. STRUCTURE AND RESPONSIBILITIES
 Define roles responsibilities and authorities for the personnel in the company
 Designate a management appointee with defined responsibility for implementing
the OHSAS

35. TRAINING, AWARENESS &
COMPETENCE
1. Establish procedure to ensure that employee whose tasks impact
OH&S are competent enough to perform specific task
2. Competence can be based on
 Education
 Experience or Training
3. Ensure that such employees are aware of
 Importance to follow OH&S procedure
 their roles in the Oh&S management System

36. 4. Training should be given based on
 responsibility, ability & liberty
 the risk of their work
5. Evaluate the effectiveness of the training.

37. CONSULTATION AND COMMUNICATION
 Establish a procedure which will ensure that the employee in the organization are
aware about the OH&S information and they also contribute to the organization
policy and objective.
 document the involvement and consultation of employees and interested parties.
 employees shall be aware who among them in the OH&S representative and also
who is the specified management appointee in the organization.

38. Documentation
1.Establish and maintain information
•It can be hard copy .
•Electronic media.
2.Information should contain
•Descriptive of the core elements of company’s management.
•Direction to reference documentation.

39. Document and Data Control
1.Document are to be controlled to ensure that
 They can be located.
 Periodically reviewed,revised,checked for adequacy and authorized for use.
 Current versions are available at the points of use.
 Obsolete documents are removed or assured from unintended use.
 Archival documents preserved for legal requirements or knowledge prepare are so
identified.

40. Operational Control
 Establish a document procedure to Control the risks in the operation and activities
identified
 identify the risks which if not documented, the failure could lead to incidents,
accident or other deviation from OH&S policy and objective.
 revive these risk control procedure regularly for their suitability and effectiveness.
 stipulate operating criteria in the procedure.

41. 5.procedure should also cover the OH&S risk of
•Goods purchased or used
•Equipment purchased or used
•services purchased or used
communicate these procedure to supplier and contractors.
6.Establish procedure for designing the workplace ,process
installation,machinery,procedure and work instruction in
order to eliminate or reduce OH&S risks at their source.
Operational Control

42. EMERGENCY PREPARATION AND
RESPONSE
1.Establish plans and or procedure to identify the potential for and responses to
 Incidents .
 Emergency situation.
 Preventing and mitigating the likely illness and injury associated.
2. Review the emergency preparedness and response plan/procedure after the occurrence of
incidents or emergency situation.
3.Test such procedure periodically, where practicable(Mock Drills).

43. PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND
MONITORING
 Establish procedure
 These measures shall be taken
-both qualitative and quantitative.
-appropriate to organization need .
-to check how far the OH&S objective have been met
 data and the results of monitoring and measurements should facilitate further analysis and
subsequent corrective and preventive actions.
 If equipment are used for measurement and monitoring such equipment needs to be controlled
and the calibration and maintenance record to be maintained.

44. ACCIDENTS, INCIDENTS, NON-CONFORMANCES
AND CORRECTIVE AND PREVENTIVE ACTION
The organization shall establish and maintain procedure for defining responsibility and authority for:
1.The handling and investigation of:
- Accidents;
- Incidents ;
- Non-conformances;
2.Taking action to mitigate any consequences arising from
accidents,incidents or non-conformances;
3.The initiation and completion of corrective and preventive
actions.

45. Audit
The organization shall establish and maintain an audit Programme and procedures for
periodic OH&S management system audits to be carried out, in order to:
 determine whether or not the OH&S management system
 review the results of previous audits
 provide information on the results of audits to maintain

46. MANAGEMENT REVIEW
Management
review
Checking and corrective
action
External
factors
Internal factors
policy

47. THANK YOU