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Order of presentation
•   Slide (introduction) vaibhav
•   Slide (i/p & o/p) varun
•   Slide (storage device) ankit
•   Slide (memory) vivek
•   Slide (cpu & uses) vinay
Computer Basics




             By:-
                    Ankit Bist
                    Vaibhav Goyal
                    Varun Venugopalan
                    Vinay Mehta
                    Vivek Gupta
What is a computer ?
Definition:
A Computer is a device that accepts input, processes data, and
produces an output according to a series of stored instructions.




  A computer is composed of hardware and software , and is
  available in different sizes and configuration
Data v/s Information


Data refers to symbols that represent facts or
ideas…these really don’t mean anything until
they are processed, or put in some sort of
context. Then they become information…so
data is raw and information is processed.
Hardware
The hardware is the part of the computer you can
 touch and see.

   e.g   keyboard, monitor, disks, wires, chips, etc.
Hardware components

INPUT DEVICES -- “How to tell what to do”

Keyboards and mouse are the standard way to interact
with the computer. Other devices include joystick and
game pads(console) for gaming purpose.


OUTPUT DEVICES – “How it shows you what it is doing”

The monitor is how the computer send information back to
you. A printer is also an output device
Hardware components
INPUT DEVICES
• MOUSE -- small hand     held device that attaches to the
computer. It may have two or three buttons. The mouse is
used to move the cursor (pointer) on the computer screen.

• KEYBOARD-- what you type on, similar to a typewriter.

• TRACKERBALL -- alternative to mouse , used by graphic
designer

• SCANNERS -- similar to a color photocopier is a device that
captures pictures or documents, so that they can be seen or
used on the computer
                and many more like joystick, touchpad etc
Hardware components

OUTPUT DEVICES

• MONITOR/ VDU – It is the display screen, similar to a
television screen

• PRINTERS – It is a device that puts what you have created
on to a paper.

• SPEAKERS – It enhances the value of educational and
presentation products.

       and many more like plotter , headphones etc
Hardware components

STORAGE DEVICES – “How it saves data and programs”

•Hard disc drives –
       the internal higher capacity drive
       Speed- fast
       High capacity ( measured in gigabytes)


•Floppy drives (diskettes) –
       Speed- very slow
       Very cheap
       Unreliable and low capacity ( 1.44 mb)
Hardware components

•CD (compact disk) –
       Speed- slower than hard disk but faster than floppy disk
               (specifies in terms of 1x , 8x , 16x , 32x etc)
       Capacity – 750 MB


•DVD (digital video disk) –
       Speed - faster than CD
       Capacity - 4.2 GB to 17 GB
       Cost    - higher than CD


•Pen Drive –
       Speed - faster than DVD
       Capacity – 1 GB to 16 GB
Memory
Memory – “how the processor stores and uses immediate
            data”

• RAM (Random access memory)
      It is the main working memory of the computer
      When computer is turned on , operating system is
      copied into this memory only
      It is a volatile memory i.e data is lost as when
      computer is turned off
      More RAM means faster computer
Memory

• ROM (Read only memory)

      It is a special type of memory chip that holds
      software which can be read but not written to.


      Often network cards and video cards also contain
      ROM chips
The Central Processing Unit
• A CPU is on a chip called a microprocessor

• It continuously follows the fetch-decode-execute cycle:

        Retrieve an instruction from main memory

                         fetch


             execute               decode

      Carry out the                     Determine what the
       instruction                         instruction is
The Central Processing Unit
• The CPU contains:

                                  Performs calculations
        Arithmetic / Logic Unit   and makes decisions


                                  Coordinates
             Control Unit         processing steps


                                  Small storage
              Registers           areas
USES OF COMPUTER

PC @ HOME
   •Web browsing
   •Chat/ mail
   •Computer games
   •Banking from home etc……………



PC @ OFFICE
   •Accounts
   •Payroll / Attendance
   •Presentations
   •Product designing etc…….
Questions?
Thank You!

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It comp basics

  • 1. Order of presentation • Slide (introduction) vaibhav • Slide (i/p & o/p) varun • Slide (storage device) ankit • Slide (memory) vivek • Slide (cpu & uses) vinay
  • 2. Computer Basics By:- Ankit Bist Vaibhav Goyal Varun Venugopalan Vinay Mehta Vivek Gupta
  • 3. What is a computer ? Definition: A Computer is a device that accepts input, processes data, and produces an output according to a series of stored instructions. A computer is composed of hardware and software , and is available in different sizes and configuration
  • 4. Data v/s Information Data refers to symbols that represent facts or ideas…these really don’t mean anything until they are processed, or put in some sort of context. Then they become information…so data is raw and information is processed.
  • 5. Hardware The hardware is the part of the computer you can touch and see. e.g keyboard, monitor, disks, wires, chips, etc.
  • 6. Hardware components INPUT DEVICES -- “How to tell what to do” Keyboards and mouse are the standard way to interact with the computer. Other devices include joystick and game pads(console) for gaming purpose. OUTPUT DEVICES – “How it shows you what it is doing” The monitor is how the computer send information back to you. A printer is also an output device
  • 7. Hardware components INPUT DEVICES • MOUSE -- small hand held device that attaches to the computer. It may have two or three buttons. The mouse is used to move the cursor (pointer) on the computer screen. • KEYBOARD-- what you type on, similar to a typewriter. • TRACKERBALL -- alternative to mouse , used by graphic designer • SCANNERS -- similar to a color photocopier is a device that captures pictures or documents, so that they can be seen or used on the computer and many more like joystick, touchpad etc
  • 8. Hardware components OUTPUT DEVICES • MONITOR/ VDU – It is the display screen, similar to a television screen • PRINTERS – It is a device that puts what you have created on to a paper. • SPEAKERS – It enhances the value of educational and presentation products. and many more like plotter , headphones etc
  • 9. Hardware components STORAGE DEVICES – “How it saves data and programs” •Hard disc drives – the internal higher capacity drive Speed- fast High capacity ( measured in gigabytes) •Floppy drives (diskettes) – Speed- very slow Very cheap Unreliable and low capacity ( 1.44 mb)
  • 10. Hardware components •CD (compact disk) – Speed- slower than hard disk but faster than floppy disk (specifies in terms of 1x , 8x , 16x , 32x etc) Capacity – 750 MB •DVD (digital video disk) – Speed - faster than CD Capacity - 4.2 GB to 17 GB Cost - higher than CD •Pen Drive – Speed - faster than DVD Capacity – 1 GB to 16 GB
  • 11. Memory Memory – “how the processor stores and uses immediate data” • RAM (Random access memory) It is the main working memory of the computer When computer is turned on , operating system is copied into this memory only It is a volatile memory i.e data is lost as when computer is turned off More RAM means faster computer
  • 12. Memory • ROM (Read only memory) It is a special type of memory chip that holds software which can be read but not written to. Often network cards and video cards also contain ROM chips
  • 13. The Central Processing Unit • A CPU is on a chip called a microprocessor • It continuously follows the fetch-decode-execute cycle: Retrieve an instruction from main memory fetch execute decode Carry out the Determine what the instruction instruction is
  • 14. The Central Processing Unit • The CPU contains: Performs calculations Arithmetic / Logic Unit and makes decisions Coordinates Control Unit processing steps Small storage Registers areas
  • 15. USES OF COMPUTER PC @ HOME •Web browsing •Chat/ mail •Computer games •Banking from home etc…………… PC @ OFFICE •Accounts •Payroll / Attendance •Presentations •Product designing etc…….