1.
DOMAIN NAME - Pathology
TOPIC NAME - Bird Flu
UNDER GUIDANCE - Prof. Manisha Raut
Presented by:- Mr. Aniket Sheshrao More
Prn no:- 2052811823009
Roll no:- 57

2.
 Content:-
1. ABSTRACT
2. INTRODUCTION
3. NEED AND OBJECTIVE
4. CAUSES OF BIRD FLU
5. TYPES OF BIRD FLU VIRUSES
6. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
7. PREVENTION
8. PLAN OF WORK
9. TREATMENT
10. CONCLUSION

3.
ABSTRACT
Bird flu is an infection caused by avian influenza viruses, which
are of different types A, B and C. Type A avian influenza viruses
are the most frequently associated with avian influenza epidemics
and pandemics.
There are various modes of transmission of human influenza
including inhalation, direct or indirect contact etc.

4.
Introduction:
Bird flu, or avian flu, is an infectious type of influenza that spreads
among birds. In rare cases, it can affect humans.
The first human disease caused by H5N1 was reported in Hong
Kong in 1997, with 18 cases and six deaths. The source of human
infection appeared to be live-poultry markets where chickens,
ducks, geese, and other species of minor poultry (e.g., quail,
pheasant, chukka, pigeon, etc.)

5.
NEED AND OBJECTIVE
Need to know more about Bird Flu to get aware about the
danger which could cause in future as a pandemic.
By studying the previous events we can create a protective
environment by being ready for the worst situation by
Producing effective medications such as vactions, granules,
etc.

6.
 Causes of Bird Flu
Bird flu occurs naturally in wild waterfowl and can spread into
domestic poultry, such as chickens, turkeys, ducks and geese.
The disease is transmitted via contact with an infected bird's faces,
or secretions from its nose, mouth or eyes. Open-air markets, where
eggs and birds are sold in crowded and unsanitary conditions, are
hotbeds of infection and can spread the disease into the wider
community.

7.
 Types of bird flu viruses
Influenza A H5: Nine potential subtypes of H5 are known. H5
infections, such as HPAI H5N1 viruses currently circulating in
Asia and Europe, have been documented among humans and
sometimes cause severe illness or death.

8.
 Sign and Symptoms of Bird Flu
 Fever or feeling chills.
 Cough
 Sore throat
 Difficulty breathing/Shortness of breath
 Headaches
 Runny or stuffy nose
 Muscle or body aches
 Diarrhoea

9.
 PLAN OF WORK
The expectation from this project is to take a step ahead by
providing proper mode treatment for bird flu not only in
perspective of humans but also for Birds. Medications for Human
are available in Very less number. Mostly in case birds they are
killed instead of treating because of fear of pandemic. Vacations
are available but not effective in case of wild birds, so we need a
way to treat and prevent the disease from captured birds as well
as wild as well humans also.

10.
Prevention of Bird Flu
• Wash your hands
• Avoide Poultry and egg products During Infections
• Cook thoroughly
• Use different utensils for cooked and raw meat
• Make sure meat is cooked until steaming hot
• Avoid contact with live birds and poultry

11.
 Treatment
In most cases, treatment with antiviral medication such as
oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or zanamivir (Relenza) can help reduce the
severity of the disease. According to the experts, the medication
must be taken within 48 hours after symptoms first appear. The
virus that causes the human form of the flu can develop
resistance to the two most common forms of antiviral
medications, amantadine. and rimantadine (Flumadine). However,
these medications should not be used to treat the disease.

12.
Posology

13.
Post-exposure prevention : The recommended post-exposure
prevention dose of Tamiflu is:

14.
 CONCLUSION
The rationale for particular concern about an H5N1 pandemic is
not its inevitability but its possible severe impact on human health.
Such a pandemic, especially if it arises by direct adaptation rather
than genetic reassortment with a pre-existing human virus, could
well be unusually virulent in humans. Thus, an H5N1 pandemic is
an event of low probability but one of high human health impact.

15.
Thank You