Cruise Ships - An Overview

1. CRUISE SHIPS By Andrea Cavallucci 2015 An Overview

2. • Introduction • Origins • Main fleets • Itineraries • Market volumes • Vocabulary • Departments • Cruise segments • Onboard services • Hotel Operations Day 1 Day 2 Agenda

3. Day 1

4. Introduction What sets cruise ships apart from land based vacation destinations?

5. MISSION STRUCTURE POSITIONING PRODUCT HR LOGISTICS HESS MAINTENANCE WEATHER

6. Mission The ship is as much the destination as the ports of call visited during the cruise. To create a memorable vacation experience onboard the ship while travelling the world over. Hotels aim at offering memorable stays and great services, however they are not, in general, the destination (spa resorts are exceptions).

7. Structure Static vs Moving Built on land vs floating on the water 24/7 manned operation

8. Position Static vs Moving around the globe

9. Product The variety of onboard services, catering and entertainment options is unique and unmatched

10. Human Resources Crew stay onboard between 3 and 10 months at a time. Teams, of crew from several nationalities, change continuously. Living conditions onboard, 24/7 on call status.

11. Logistics Passengers Crew Provisions Technical spares Hotel stores Fuel Water Waste

12. HESS HEALTH - ENVIRONMENT - SAFETY - SECURITY A strong commitment and 4 goals managed jointly by the ship’s crew and the shoreside personnel.

13. Maintenance 99% of repairs are done onboard by ship’s technicians Every 3 years ships are taken out of service for 10 days or more to be serviced in a dry-dock

14. Weather Weather conditions can impact the ship’s itinerary at any time Modern weather forecast technology helps avoid extreme weather encounters

15. Origins

16. 1837 1844 Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Company is born Trips from Britain to the Iberian peninsula Start of passenger service, from England to Gilbraltar, Malta and Athens 1888 SS Ravenna First ship to be built with a steel superstructure 1889 SS Valletta First ship with electric light 1900 Completion of the German ship Prinzessin Victoria Luise, first ship to be conceived from luxury cruises 1950 Transatlantic voyages 1908 LUSITANIA e MAURITANIA, first ships to feature an elaborate ventilation system 1819 SS Savannah First steam ship to cross the Atlantic Ocean Mail service 1819 - 1950

17. Queen Elizabeth 2 Celebrities and entertainment. Single class TV series “The Love Boat” New services and features are introduced Launch of M/v Oasis of the Seas and M/v Allure of the Seas are The ship becomes a holiday destination, no longer a means of transportation 1969 70’s Dal 1980 2009 / 201050’s & 60’s Beginning of aviation jets era Decline of transatlantic ships 1950 - 2015 2015 Quantum of the Seas

18. Main Fleets

19. 25 22 18 15 14 12 11 11

20. 10 7 7 6 6 4 3

21. Ships <> 300 Total tonnage <> 20 millions Average tonnage <> 65,000

22. Itineraries

23. Mediterraneo Caraibi Canada e New England Alaska Antartide Hawaii Tahiti e Pacifico del sud Traversata atlantica Canale di Panama World Cruise Giappone Sud America Africa Mar Nero Nord Europa AustralasiaScandinavia e Russia

24. Just a few examples

25. World Cruise

26. Caribbean

27. Mediterranean

28. Asia

29. 3333444444 5 7 9 11 13 25 Turnaround Ports

30. U.S.A. Transit ports Turnaround ports Seattle, WA San Francisco, CA Los Angeles, CA Long Beach, CA San Diego, CA Honolulu HAWAII ALASKA Seward Juneau Ketchikan Skagway Sitka Boston New York, NY Bayonne, NJ Baltimore, MD Philadelphia, PA Charleston, SC Miami, FL Fort Lauderdale, FL Tampa, FL Jacksonville, FL Port Canaveral, FL Norfolk, VA New Orleans, LA Mobile, AL Galveston, TX Santa Barbara, CA Catalina Island, CA Anchorage Houston, TX Hilo Kona Kahului Nawiliwili

31. Trieste Savona Italy Transits ports Turnaround ports Genoa La Spezia Venice Ravenna Livorno Ancona Bari Brindisi Palermo Messina Naples Salerno Capri Civitavecchia Portofino Olbia Giardini Naxos Portovenere

32. China Transit ports Turnaround ports DALIAN SHANGHAI TIANJIN BEIJING HONG KONG MACAU HAINAN XIAMEN HAIKOU

33. Japan Transit ports Turnaround ports TOKIO NAGOYA OSAKA HIROSHIMA HAKATA / FUKUOKA YOKOHAMA KOBE NAGASAKI KAGOSHIMA NAHA/OKINAWA SAKAIMINATO YONAGUNI AOMORI HAKODATE

34. Great Britain / Ireland 1.730.000 Germany 1.690.000 Italy 870.000 Spain 480.000 France 440.000 Other European Countries 1.110.000 Number of passengers in 2013: Market Volumes USA 10,920,000 Europe 6,400,000 Canada 770,000 Rest of the World 3,090,000 21,180,000

35. Market Volumes Millions 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 United States United Kingdom G erm any Italy A ustralia C anada Brazil C hina France Spain 0,480,520,730,730,770,830,87 1,691,73 10,92 Millions of Passengers per country in 2013

36. Average pax capacity per ship 2,000 (70.000 t / 35) Total pax capacity 600,000 (2,000 pax * 300 ships) Number of cruises per ship per year 36.5 (365 days / 10 average days per cruise) Total number of passengers in a year 21,900,000 (600,000 pax * 36.5 no. cruises)

37. Average number of crew members per ship 800 (2,000 pax / 2.5) Total number of crew members 240,000 (800 crew * 300 ships) Total crew members, including crew on leave 600,000 (240.000 * 2.5)

38. Day 2

39. Nautical Vocabulary

40. The word ‘POSH’ originates in the days before air conditioning. Britons travelling on a vessel to India would favour a cabin on the shaded side of the ship, away from the glare and heat of the sun. Thus travelling from UK to India a north facing port cabin cost more than a south facing starboard one. The opposite applied on the return journey. So only the richest could book a cabin that was PORT OUT S TA R B O A R D H O M E . T h i s b e c a m e shortened to ‘posh’. POSH

41. English Italian Comment Aft Poppa The back of the ship Alleyway Corridoio Corridor Amidships Centro nave Center part of the ship Berth Attracco / Ormeggio Docking spot Berth Cuccetta / letto Allocated bed / cabin Bow (or Stern) Prora The front of the ship Bridge Plancia The control and navigation center of the ship Bulkhead Paratia Structural wall in the interior of the ship

42. English Italian Comment Bunk Cuccetta Bed Davit Davit Steel structure that hoist lifeboats over the side of the ship Decks Ponti Floors of the ship Dock Banchina A place to moor the ship Draft Pescaggio Depth of water (it is measured from the waterline to the lowest part of the ship, usually the keel) Drill Esercitazione Emergency drill Forward Prua Front end of the ship

43. English Italian Comment Fathom Braccio Measurement of water depth (One fathom equals six feet) Galley Cucina Ship’s kitchen Gangway Passerella Entrance / exit area of the ship used while docked Home port Porto di appartenenza Port where the ship returns to to start a new cruise Hull Scafo Outside shell of the ship from the main deck down to the keel Keel Chiglia Chief structure of the ship that extends lengthwise along the center of the ship's bottom-the ship's backbone Knot Nodo Measurement of the ship's speed. One knot is one nautical mile per hour Liferaft Zattera di salvataggio A small boat, typically inflatable, for use in an emergency at sea

44. English Italian Comment Latitude Latitudine Distance north or south of the equator expressed in degrees League Liga Unit of measurement equal to 3.45 nautical miles Leeward Sottovento Side of an island or ship that is sheltered from the wind Lines (mooring) Cime di attracco Ropes used to tie up the ship while it is at the dock Longitude Longitudine Distance east or west of the prime meridian expressed in degrees Manning Armamento Crew assigned to a vessel for its operation Master Comandante The Officer in charge of the ship, the Captain Mess Mensa The dining area allocated to the crew

45. English Italian Comment Moor Ormeggiare To hold the ship in place with lines at a berth Muster Station Punto di adunata A meeting place onboard the ship that usually refers to the area where one would go to get into the lifeboats in case of an emergency Nautical mile Miglia nautica Unit of measurement equal to one-sixtieth of a degree of the earth's circumference; measured in the U.S. as 6,080.2 feet or internationally as 6,076.1 feet Pitch Beccheggio The forward and backward rise and fall of the ship as it moves Port Sinistra nave The left side of the ship when facing the bow Porthole Oblò A round window on a ship Purser Commissario di bordo The officer onboard who serves as a financial or administrative manager for guest services

46. English Italian Comment Roll Rollio The side-to-side movement of the ship Stabilizer Stabilizzatore A retractable arm located below the waterline mid-ship, which can be extended to help reduce the ship's roll in rougher sea conditions Starboard Tribordo Right side of the ship when facing the bow Tender Scialuppa A small boat used to transport passengers from the ship to the shore. Tenders are used when the harbor is not deep enough for the ship to dock Wind (apparent) Vento apparente The apparent-wind is the wind direction and speed which is felt while the boat/ship is moving. Wind (true) Vento reale o atmosferico The true-wind is the apparent wind felt when the boat/ship is not moving, for example at anchor. Windward Sopravvento The side of the ship against which the wind is blowing

47. Understanding how a cruise ship is operated. A look at the various departments running the vessel.

48. 2 GROUPS 1 TEAM Shoreside (HEAD OFFICE) Shipboard (SHIP’S TEAM)

49. Executive Management MARKETING OPERATIONS LEGAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SALES PUBLIC RELATIONS HUMAN RESOURCES FINANCE Shoreside

50. MASTER (Captain) REVENUE AREAS TECHNICAL DECK F&B ENTERTAINMENT MEDICAL PURSER HOUSEKEEPING Shipboard

51. Ship’s Team Master Statf Captain Chief Engineer Hotel Director Deck Engine Hotel

52. Bridge Engine Control Room Purser’s Office Tour Desk Print Shop Housekeeping Hotel Store Incinerator Provision Rooms Art Gallery Main Laundry Medical Center Swimming Poolsd Photo Gallery Spa Engine Workshop Casino Youth Center Theaters Buffet Galleys Boutiques Broadcast Center Tailor Workshop Mooring Stations Bars Crew Office Osmosis Plant

53. Sr./1st Officer Captain Staff Captain Sr./2nd Officer 2nd Officer Security Officer 3rd Officer Commodore Deck Department 4th Officer Deck Cadet Deck Department

54. Environmental Officer Environmental Officer

55. 2nd Engineer Officer (with Class 1) 1st Engineer; Sr/1st Ventilation Officer; 1st Electronics Officer; 1st Electro-Technical Officer 3rd Engineer Officer; 3rd Ventilation Officer; 3rd Electro-Technical Officer; 3rd Electronics Officer Chief Technical Officer 4th Ventilation Officer; 4th Electro-Technical Officer; 4th Electronics Officer; 4th Engineer Officer Staff Engineer Officer Staff Electro-Technical Officer 2nd Engineer Officer; 2nd Ventilation Officer; 2nd Electro-Technical Officer; 2nd Electronics Officer Electro-Technical Cadet; Engineering Cadet Technical Officers

56. Staff PurserPassenger Services Director Senior Assistant Purser First Purser Assistant Purser Jr. Assistant Purser Hotel Director Hotel Officers

57. DoctorSr. Doctor Sr. Nurse Nurse Medical Officer

58. EmbarkationCheck-In Check-OutCruise Disembarkation 1 2 Emergency Drill3 4 5 6 Cruise Segments

59. Onboard Services “The Theory of Everything” Onboard a modern cruise ship there’s something for every taste, for everyone, for every day of the cruise. And everything is seamlessly coordinated and conducted. Strategy A compelling argument which is hard to beat.

60. Purser’s Services Front Desk Loyatly Program Desk Shore Excursions Desk

61. Food & Beverage Traditional Restaurants Fast Food Outlets Specialty Restaurants Buffets Tasting EventsBars

62. Entertainment Production Shows Dance Classes Comedy Acts Movies Talk Shows Games and Much More… Participation Shows Acrobacy Shows

63. Boutiques Fine Jewelry Parfumerie Logo Apparel Fashion Jewelry Watches Shop Clothing Electronics Alcohol & Tobacco Food & Sundries Seminars Table Sales Events

64. Photo Gallery Embarkation Photos Portrait Stations Photos High End Portrait Photos Events Photos Gangway Photos Canvas Prints Jpegs Photo Retail Cruise DVD’s

65. Casino Tables Tournaments Lessons Slot Machines Bingo

66. Hair Dressing Fitness Classes Sauna Massages Acupuncture Steam Rooms Beauty Tretments Seminars Salon & Spa

67. Auctions Unveilings Parties Lectures Art Demonstrations Art Gallery

68. Hotel Operations Hotel Director Administration Director F&B Director Executive Housekeeper Cruise Director F&B Manager Provision MasterMaitre d’HotelBar Manager Executive Chef Inventory Controller Sanitation Ofﬁcer Auditor

69. Hotel Operations Hotel Director Housekeeping Supervisors Laundry Master Public Areas Supervisors Open Deck Supervisor Linenkeeper Tailor Administration Director F&B Director Executive Housekeeper Cruise Director Auditor

70. Hotel Operations Hotel Director Guest Relations Manager Crew Ofﬁce Manager Clearance Ofﬁcer Finance Manager Onboard Revenue Managers • Casino • Shops • Photo Services • Spa & Beauty Salon • Art Gallery • Future Cruise Consultant Printer Administration Director F&B Director Executive Housekeeper Cruise Director Auditor Loyalty Program Manager • Night Auditor

71. Hotel Operations Hotel Director Deputy Cruise Director Line CaptainDJ / Show Host Production Manager Music Director Administration Director F&B Director Executive Housekeeper Cruise Director Auditor