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Al-Balqa Applied University
Faculty of Engineering Technology
Mechatronics Engineering Department
Field Training Report
Anaseem Alhanini.
:
Dr. Ghazi Al Qaryouti.
Kasih Food Production Company.
HR. Rima Al Jaba'i

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Field Training Report
Department of Mechatronics Engineering
AL Kasih Food Production Company
Dr. Ghazi Al Qaryouti
Octo, 2022

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Abstract
This Report presents the experience and skills gained during my month
of industrial training undertaken at Al Kasih Food Production Company.
My Training was on the understand of machines and fabrication tools
During the period, I acquired practical knowledge and skills in
maintenance also times were spent in the workshop to get hands on
experience in reading symbol diagrams and come to know about the
thermal process.
This report discuss the Skills gained and Experience gathered during the
period of training.

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Contents
Abstract......................................................................................................3
Introduction .............................................................................................10
CIP...........................................................................................................11
CIP Process...........................................................................................12
Components of CIP system ..................................................................13
Sterilization..............................................................................................16
Filling machine.....................................................................................17
Algorithm..............................................................................................18
Components ..........................................................................................20
Solenoid Valve...................................................................................20
Photoelectric Sensor ..........................................................................21
VALVES .................................................................................................22
DCV......................................................................................................22
Check Valve.......................................................................................22
Three-Way Valves .............................................................................23
One way control valve..........................................................................23
A three-way control valve ....................................................................24
Angle Seat Valve..................................................................................25
CPM Constant-Pressure Modulating Valve .........................................26

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Maintenance of valves .......................................................................26
Pumps ......................................................................................................28
Centrifugal Pump..................................................................................28
Positive Displacement Pump................................................................30
Types of Positive Displacement Pump ........................................31
1. Piston Pump .......................................................................................31
Challenges encountered during training period ......................................33
Conclusion...............................................................................................33
Reference.................................................................................................34

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List of Figures
Figure 1: Hand washing machine............................................................10
Figure 2: Lab Coat Jacket Blue Safe.......................................................10
Figure 3: cleaning stages.........................................................................11
Figure 4: Recovery CIP Systems 1 x Supply – 3 Tank System..............12
Figure 5: CIP stages. ...............................................................................12
Figure 6: CIP tanks..................................................................................13
Figure 7: CIP Supply Pumps...................................................................13
Figure 8: Non Return Valve....................................................................13
Figure 9: centrifugal stainless steel pumps. ............................................14
Figure 10: Structure of CIP. ....................................................................14
Figure 11: The flow and temperature sensor. .........................................15
Figure 12: Level sensor at tank. ..............................................................15
Figure 13: electro-pneumatic positioners................................................16
Figure 14: electro-pneumatic positioners................................................16

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Figure 15: Sterilization Steps..................................................................16
Figure 16: of filling machine...................................................................17
Figure 17: Schematic Diagram of filling machine..................................17
Figure 18:Tetra pack filling machine......................................................18
Figure 19: : 24V DC Solenoid valve.......................................................20
Figure 20: Diffused photoelectric Sensor. ..............................................21
Figure 21:Graphic Symbol .....................................................................22
Figure 22:schematic drawings ................................................................22
Figure 23: Graphic Symbol.....................................................................23
Figure 24:One Way Flow Control Valve................................................24
Figure 25: three way valve......................................................................24
Figure 26:Angle Seat Valve. ...................................................................25
Figure 27: schematic drawings................................................................25
Figure 28:CPM........................................................................................26
Figure 29: Maintenance Tools.................................................................27
Figure 30:Diaphram. ...............................................................................27
Figure 31: Product Diaphram..................................................................27
Figure 32:Centrifugal Pump....................................................................28
Figure 33:Axial Flow . ............................................................................29
Figure 34:Mixed Flow pumps.................................................................30
Figure 35: Piston Pump...........................................................................31
Figure 36: Screw Pump ...........................................................................32

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Company Profile
Kasih Food Production Company of Amman Jordan is one of the leading
Jordanian manufacturers of Mediterranean food since 1926.
The company’s mission is to offer tasty products that are natural and
free from preservatives. Consequently, the company has been looking
for new technologies that can extend their perishable products’ shelf life
and maintain both quality and taste. Kasih Food Production Co is the
only company in the world to produce and package long-life (Aseptic)
Hummus and ready-made Mediterranean dishes.
Kasih Canned Food Production Company approach in producing top
quality food products is based on the following premises:
Providing optimum control of the production process.
Employing skilled technicians and engineers in the field of food
production technology and engineering.
Investing in the most modern and highest technology machinery.
Kasih Food is dedicated to using technology to keep food fresh, tasty
and nutritious for months, without refrigeration or added preservatives.
This allows for the provision of high quality, tasty, healthy and authentic
vegetarian Mediterranean food packed in a convenient manner at
affordable prices for people around the world.

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The Training Program
Introduction
These months have given me the necessary knowledge and training in
machinery, maintenance, and problem analysis. The most significant
experiences and real-world expertise will be detailed in the following
pages.
Before I start training, I wear a lab coat and clean my hands using the
washing machine.
Al Kasih Food Production Company is made up of three major
departments:
1. Push
2. Packaging
Figure 1: Hand washing machine.
Figure 2: Lab Coat Jacket Blue Safe.

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3. Tetra Back
I will discuss what I learned in every section.
 During my stay in Kasih Company, I was first assigned to the Push
department, where control, filling packed are carried out. They use
the latest machines for sterilization and filling which controls by
using PLC.
The department consists of several units and the first unit I will discuss:
CIP
The C.I.P. (Cleaning In Place) unit is a system of tanks, pipelines, and
valves that is managed by a particular program and automatically cleans
and sanitizes the entire facility, even those difficult-to-disassemble
devices.
It is mostly utilized in food manufacturing facilities, where the greatest
level of hygienic standards are required, for all mechanical parts and
pipes devoted to the transportation or processing of the product.
Figure 3: cleaning stages.

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CIP Process
 Pre-rinsing with water for minutes.
 Caustic wash at 2.5-3 percent concentration for minutes. At 85-90 DEG
C.
 Intermediate rinse with water for minutes.
 Acid wash at 0.5-1.5 percent for 20 minutes. At 55-65 DEG C.
 Final rinse with water for minutes.
Figure 5: CIP stages.
Figure 4: Recovery CIP Systems 1 x Supply – 3 Tank System.

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Components of CIP system
1. Tanks: The system consists of multiple tanks that each contain a
different cleaning solution, such as alkaline solutions that use
caustic soda and an acid (often nitric acid) to neutralize them.
2. Supply pump: it is used to keep water, cleaning agents, and
product moving through the system at all times when cleaning.
3. Non Return Valve: it is used to ensure cleaning solution moves in
one direction.
Figure 6: CIP tanks.
Figure 7: CIP Supply Pumps.
Figure 8: Non Return Valve.

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4. The return pump: It should have a capacity that allows it to swiftly
remove used solution from the processing lines at a rate that is
around 10% higher than the supply pump. The majority of return
pumps are centrifugal stainless steel pumps.
5. Heat exchanger: used to heat the solution to the required
temperature.
Figure 9: centrifugal stainless steel pumps.
Figure 10: Structure of CIP.

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6. The flow and temperature sensor Flex Flow monitors the pre-
defined flow rate and temperature of the cleaning agents
throughout the entire CIP cycle, which ensures optimum cleaning
effects and maximum food safety [2].
7. Level sensor: There are two point level sensors (at top and bottom
of tank).
Figure 11: The flow and temperature sensor.
Figure 12: Level sensor at
tank.

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8. Electro-pneumatic positioners: are used with rotary air actuators to
accurately position control valves used in throttling applications.
These valve positioners convert a 4-20mA input control signal to a
proportional pneumatic output.
Sterilization
Heat processing at high temperature (above 100 degree) with the
objective of destroying all forms of microorganisms, including spores.
Sterilization alone provides long-term preservation of foods, on the
condition that proper packaging prevents recontamination [3].
Figure 13: electro-pneumatic
positioners.
Figure 14: electro-
pneumatic positioners.
Figure 15: Sterilization Steps.

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Filling machine
Figure 17: Schematic Diagram of filling machine.
Figure 16: of filling machine.

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Figure 18:Tetra pack filling machine.
Algorithm
STEP 1 :Press the "START" Push Button.
STEP 2 : Then the "MOTOR" starts and the conveyor moves forward.
STEP 3 : If the sensor detects the presence of bottle which is in position
with the solenoid valve, then the conveyor will stop.
STEP 4 : If the sensor does not detects any presence of the bottle, the
conveyor keeps on moving.
STEP 5 : After some delay the valve turn "ON" and the bottle will get
Spray till the timer gets off.
STEP 6 : After the bottle is sprayed, a delay is provide and then after the
delay the motor starts running.
STEP 7 : If the sensor detects the presence of bottle which is in position
with the solenoid valve, then the conveyor will stop.
STEP 8 : If the sensor does not detects any presence of the bottle, the
conveyor keeps on moving.

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STEP 9 : After some delay the valve turn "ON" and the bottle will get
Spray till the timer gets off.
STEP 10 : After the bottle is sprayed, a delay is provide and then after
the delay the motor starts running.
STEP 11 : If the sensor detects the presence of bottle which is in
position with the solenoid valve, then the conveyor will stop.
STEP 12 : If the sensor does not detects any presence of the bottle, the
conveyor keeps on moving.
STEP 13: After some delay the valve turn "ON" and the bottle will get
Spray till the timer gets off.
STEP 14 : After the bottle is sprayed, a delay is provide and then after
the delay the motor starts running.
STEP 15:If the sensor detects the presence of bottle which is
in position with the solenoid valve, then the conveyor will stop.
STEP 16: If the sensor does not detects any presence of the
bottle, the conveyor keeps on moving.
STEP 17 : After some delay the valve turn "ON" and the bottle
will get filled till the timer gets off.
STEP 18: After the bottle is filler , a d3elay is provide and
then after the delay the motor starts running.
STEP 19: And the process respects itself repeats itself from.

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Components
Solenoid Valve
Qualified application voltages as following description:
AC 110V AC 380V ; AC 220V DC 24V ±10% ; AC 36V DC 12V
Induction coil insulation has qualities of high moisture proof, heat-
resistance and succeeded water immersed handling function. Capacity of
induction coil sequent electric current and maximum temperature up to
90oC.
Figure 19: : 24V DC Solenoid valve.

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In this project, It is normally used to automatically control the flow of
the water that shall fill the Hommus bottle. When the bottle placed over
the conveyor belt, which is initially at motion, is sensed by the
Photoelectric sensor, the conveyor stops running and at the same time
the solenoid
valve gets energized and Hommus starts flowing through the valve for a
certain time period (depending on the time we set on the timer in the
PLC programming).As the time period is over then the solenoid valve
gets de energized and Hommus stops flowing through the valve. The
conveyor belt starts moving again and the valve remains de energized
until and unless the bottle is sensed by the sensor again [4].
Photoelectric Sensor
Operating voltage is 6 – 36 VDC and its output current is 300 mA. Its
response frequency is 0.5 kHz. Its output type is n – p – n three wire
(Black, Blue and Brown). It is made of brass or plastic. In this project, It
is used to sense the position of the bottles. A round shaped sensor is used
which can detect opaque, transparent or any other kinds of objects. In
this case, it is detecting different plastic bottles. The sensor used here is
a diffused reflective type sensor. The range of sensing the objects are
100 mm [6].
Figure 20: Diffused photoelectric Sensor.

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VALVES
DCV
A directional control valve is the extend and retract control for your
hydraulic cylinders. It provides a flow path from the pump to the
cylinders and a return path from the cylinders to the fluid reservoir.
Valve description
Ports: The number of ports on a directional control valve (DCV) is
identified
using the term way. Thus, for example, a valve with four ports is a four-
way valve.
Positions: this parameter determine flow direction.
Methods of actuating: manual, air pilot, solenoid.
Special features of operation: manual, override.
Check Valve
 The simplest type of direction control valve is a check valve
 it is a two-way valve because it contains two ports.
 The purpose of a check valve is to permit free flow in one direction
and prevent any flow in the opposite direction.
Figure 22:schematic drawings . Figure 21:Graphic Symbol .

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Three-Way Valves
 They contain three ports
 They are typically of the spool design rather than poppet design.
 These valves are designed to operate with two or three unique
positions of the spool.
 The spool can be positioned manually, mechanically, by using pilot
pressure, or by using electrical solenoids.
One way control valve
Function. Flow control or one-way flow control valves regulate the
piston speed of pneumatic drives during advance and return strokes. This
is done through suitable restriction of the flow rate of compressed air in
exhaust air or supply air direction.
Figure 23: Graphic Symbol.

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A three-way control valve
shuts off water flow in one pipe while opening water flow in another
pipe. In a modulating or 3-point floating application the valve can also
mix water from two different pipes into one pipe or divert water from
one pipe into two different pipes.
Figure 25: three way valve.
Figure 24:One Way Flow Control Valve.

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Angle Seat Valve
Angle seat piston valves are particularly suited to applications where
high temperatures and large flow rates are required, such as steam or
water. When used in reverse some models of angle seat piston valve will
eliminate water hammer when operated.
Figure 27: schematic drawings.
Figure 26:Angle Seat Valve.

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CPM Constant-Pressure Modulating Valve
Valves are pneumatic regulating valves that maintain a constant inlet or
outlet pressure in hygienic process lines.
Working principle, the valves are remote-controlled by means of
compressed air. A diaphragm/valve plug system reacts immediately to
any alteration of the product pressure and changes position so that the
preset pressure is maintained.
CPM consist of lower diaphragm & Upper diaphragm.
Maintenance of valves
1. The diaphragm has been changed.
2. All seals have been changed.
Figure 28:CPM.

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Figure 31: Product Diaphram. Figure 30:Diaphram.
Figure 29: Maintenance Tools.

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Pumps
Centrifugal Pump
Centrifugal pumps are employed to move the fluid through the transfer
of rotational energy from the rotor, this device is known as an impeller.
The fluid enters the rotating impeller and is ejected by centrifugal force
through the vane tip of the impeller.
This action of the impeller causes the fluid velocity and pressure to
increase and also directs it towards the outlet. The pump casing is
specially designed to compress fluid from the pump inlet, direct it into
the impeller and control the fluid before discharging.
 Types of Centrifugal Pump
Figure 32:Centrifugal Pump.

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1. Axial Flow: The Axial flow type of pump basically consists of an
axial impeller in a pipe. The propeller can be pushed directly into
the pipe with help of an arranged electric motor or by a
petrol/diesel engine that is mounted on the outside the pipe.
Axial flow pumps have an electronic rotor that handles the liquid
along a path parallel to the axis of the pump. Thus, the fluid travels
in a fairly straight path from the inlet pipe to the outlet pipe
through the pump.
2. Mixed Flow: pumps are a combined version of both radial flow
pumps and axial flow pumps. This pump is built with an impeller
that sits and twists within the pipe, but the turning mechanism is
essentially diagonal.
Figure 33:Axial Flow .

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It uses centrifugal force to move the water along, accelerating it further
with a push from the axial direction of the impeller. This action
generates enough force to produce a high rate of flow. Pumps of this
type are used for those requiring a high level of flow combined with a
relatively low discharge pressure.
Positive Displacement Pump
A positive displacement pump uses the reciprocating, rotary, or
pneumatic motion to move the liquid through the pump. Here, the
discharge of the fluid occurs in the form of pulses instead of a smooth
liquid flow.
These types of pumps are operated by trapping a fixed amount of fluid
into the pump chamber at an inlet valve and then it discharges through
an outlet valve. These pumps are utilized based on their ability to work
in high viscosity fluid at high pressure.
Figure 34:Mixed Flow pumps.

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Types of Positive Displacement Pump
1. Piston Pump
These are types of pumps where a high-pressure seal is connected with
a piston. Piston pumps are used to move liquids or gases and they
operate over a wide range of pressures. In this, the pumps can also deal
with viscous media and media containing solid particles.
This pump works by means of a piston cup which provides the
oscillating mechanism where the down-stroke causes the pressure
difference. This action fills the pump chambers, where the up-stroke
pumps the fluid out for the required application. It is usually used in
systems that require high and consistent pressure.
Figure 35: Piston Pump.

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2. Screw Pump
These types of pumps use one or several screws to move the liquid
along the screw axis. A screw pump generates pressure by using
additional axial acceleration in the fluid within its clearance area. The
simplest form of screw pump is the Archimedes screw.
Screw pumps operate using two rotating screw rotors, arranged in such a
way that they rotate towards each other. This stores the gas in the space
between the screws of their rotors. When the screw begins to rotate, this
stored volume is reduced resulting in compressed gas that drives it
toward the exhaust.
Figure 36: Screw Pump

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Challenges encountered during training period
One of the problems I encountered during my training at the factory is:
1. High temperature inside the factory.
2. High sound due to machines and pneumatic systems.
3. Studying the work of machine without its scheme.
Conclusion
For students to have the opportunity to understand the labor market,
field training courses are quite significant.
I have studied many kinds of pumps, machines and sensor.
I learned the types of sterilizations and the difference between them.

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Reference
1. https://www.kasihfood.com.
2. https://www.baumer.com.
3. BERK, Zeki. Food process engineering and technology. Academic
press, 2018.
4.DAS, Prithwiah; MANDAL, Krishnendu; ALOLKOLE, Paromita
Das. Automatic Bottle Filling System Using PLC. 2018. PhD
Thesis. University of Technology.