3. History
• The Land Acquisition Act, 1894 is a law in
India and Pakistan that allows the government to
acquire private land in those countries.
• Acquisition of land for some public purpose by a
government agency from individual landowners,
as authorized by the law, after paying a
government-fixed compensation to cover losses
incurred by landowners from surrendering their
land to the concerned government agency.
4. Purpose
• Developed as a legislation to acquire land
mainly for the developing the railways
network.
• Indian government accepted the Bill with a
few minor amendments in its indigenous
form.
5. LARR Act ,2013
• Right to Fair Compensation and
Transparency in Land Acquisition,
Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013
• Lays down rules for Compensation,
rehabilitation & Resettlement of land and
ensuring transparency
6. LARR Bill,2015
• Introduced by the NDA as a course correction
of the LARR Act 2013 passed under the UPA
regime as it was considered as restrictive by
industrial bodies.
• Bill has attracted major criticism from the
opposition and witnessed several walkouts in
the lower house by several political parties .
7. Five Special Sectors mentioned
• Defence.
• Rural Infrastructure.
• Affordable housing.
• Industrial corridors.(amended finally)
• Infrastructure projects including PPP projects
where Central government owns the
land.(amended finally)
8. Comparisons with the LARR Act 2013
Drawbacks
• Removal of consent clause
For the above 5 sectors govt. doesn’t need the
80% ( for private) & 70%( for PPP ) consent of
local land owners for land acquisition.
• Removal of Social Assessment
New bill says only land owners will be
compensated earlier all assessment was done to
know how many people will be impacted
9. • Fertility of land
Also whether the land is fertile or not will also
not be taken into consideration while acquiring
it for these five specific sectors. Thus even if the
land is extremely fertile like it was the case in
Singur (W.B) , it can be acquired if it fits the
criterion of these five sectors, no question
asked.
• Time limit
earlier if the project wasn’t completed in 5
years then the land wasn’t acquired
but the LARR Bill, 2015 removes this clause
10. • Private Entities
The bill changes the acquisition of land for
private companies mentioned in the LARR Act
2013 to acquisition by private entities .
A private entity includes companies,
corporations and non profit organizations.
11. Advantages and similarities
• Govt. has amalgamated 13 new Acts in LARR Act
2013 like Land Acquisition (Mines) Act 1885,
National Highways Act 195,etc. which promise
better compensation, rehabilitation &
resettlements to the farmers.
• Direct compensation
Direct compensation has been kept same as LARR
Act,2013
four times the market value in rural &
double the market value in urban
12. Criticism
• Congress, Trinamool Congress, Samajwadi
Party, RJD and BJD walked out of the House.
• Congress and other parties are accusing the
bill to be "pro-corporate" and "anti-farmers".
• NDA ally Shiv Sena abstained from the voice
vote of the Bill in lower house.
• Several farmers organizations staged rallies
against the Bill
15. Results
• Opposition had moved 52 amendments,
which were either negated or were not
pressed for by the members.
• In an attempt to placate the opposition and
some unhappy allies, government brought 9
official amendments.
• Bill was finally passed in the Lower house.
17. • The bill is now set for the real test in Rajya
Sabha where the NDA is in a minority and
opposition is united in opposing it or sending
it to a Parliamentary Committee.
18. • Final list of 9 amendments
• 1. Social infra under PPP no more in exempted
category
2. Panchayat's nod may be mandatory for acquiring
tribal land
3. Govt may acquire land for govt bodies, corporations
4. Farmers may get right to appeal/complain over land
acquisition hearing and redressal of grievances at the
district level
5. Ceiling on land for acquisition in industrial corridors
6. Hassle free mechanism for grievance redressal of
land losers
7. Replace term 'private entity' with 'private enterprise'
8.Limiting the industrial corridor to one km on both the
sides of the highways and railway lines
9.Compulsory employment to one member of the
affected family of farm laborers.
