1.
2017-2020 2018-2022 2025-2028 2027-2030 2035-2040
2036-2042 2040-2050 2055-2070 2060-2080 2075-2100

2.
Dr. Randal Koene, Lead
Scientist at Kernel, will
discuss future directions of
neuroenginnering and human
computer interfaces
Debbie Gilmore, Executive
Director of The Arrowsmith
Program, will present plans to
better equip 100+ schools
helping students with special
needs
Dr. Leanne Young, Executive
Director of the Brain
Performance Institute at UT-
Dallas Center for
BrainHealthwill present
the new 62,000-square-foot
Brain Performance Institute
Dr. Chris Walling, Chairman of
the Educational Advisory
Committee at The Alzheimer’s
Research and Prevention
Foundation (ARPF), will present
the new Brain Longevity Therapy
Training

3.
The Future of Neurotechnology:
From Brain Augmentation to Whole Brain Emulation
Randal A. Koene

4.
Curing dysfunction & Overcoming limitations
● 20 years active in overcoming limitations, mind
upgradable
● [1] Academia… [2] non-profit CarbonCopies.org
501(c)(3)... [3] VC fund (osfund.co), [4] for-profit startups
(kernel.co)
● Next?

5.
Beyond medical need
NATURAL SELECTION
SPECIFIC CHALLENGES
LIMITED in several dimensions

6.
Challenge: Different experiences of machine & human
Imposed on us Chosen by us
The experienced universe depends on the brain that experiences it.
A society depends on the brains that are connected:
bee colony vs human vs human+machine.

7.
Biological mechanism vs Language of Cognition
How deep is the rabbit hole?
Hahn et al 2010
Spatio-temporal
Spike Codes

8.
Interfaces, Prostheses & Whole Brain Emulation
Neural Interfaces: provide access
Neural prostheses: improve fundamentals
- neuron speed
- synapse reliability
- new cognitive modules
Ultimately: run many/all mental functions on prosthetic
hardware

9.
Whole Brain Emulation
Def.:
Whole Brain Emulation: Collecting data at resolution and scale
sufficient to capture functionally relevant features of brain circuits
from which mind and cognitive functions emerge. Using that data
in a new working implementation, a new brain.

10.
Invasive & optical functional recording
new imaging - for small brains
very soon:
ultradense (>1 recording per neuron, easy decode)
arrays with >million electrodes
light sheet fluorescent, Ehrens & Keller (HHM), 2013
optrode stim., Boyden, 2013
polytrode, Swindale lab
(UBC), from 2004
1024 sites per probe,
Masmanides lab (UCLA),
2015

11.
Neural Interfaces
Utah array / Braingate
Openwater, Mary Lou
Jepsen
Diffuse Optical
Imaging/Tomography
& Event-Related Optical
Signal
fMRI, Jack Gallant
3D Photoacoustic
Tomography
2009
2011
2016
2016

12.
The future of sensorize body & brain
neural dust, Maharbiz/Carmena
labs (UC Berkeley)
electrical nanowire
optical stimulation to optical
recording
intravascular recording concept
wireless free-floating recording &
stimulation
multi-modal, e.g.
ultrasound+electromagnetic

13.
EM 3D reconstruction of a connectome
“We are our
connectomes” -
Sebastian Seung
(MIT)
Electron
Microscopy
Mikula/Denk, 2012

14.
The future of connectomics
Expansion Microscopy + Molecular Barcoding
Church lab (Harvard), 2014
Boyden lab (MIT), 2014
molecular ticker-tape

15.
Biggest problem: Parameterizing a working model
Infer function from structure: in the future
Functional system identification: today
?

16.
Constraining parameters through better understanding
Approaches:
system identification
constraining neuron
parameters
(Human Brain Project)
HBP (2015)

17.
Berger et al, USC
Neuroprosthesis by System Identification
NOT the same as a 'simulation'
that abstracts function
Learn transfer function for input spike
patterns to output spike patterns: predict
spatio-temporal spike patterns

18.
Example: Neuroprosthesis of Hippocampus
Berger et al.,
2010-16

19.
Pace of advances in neural recording
Stevenson and Kording, 2011

20.
Non-invasive
recording interface
Stimulation interface
Pervasive body-brain
interfaces/sensors
Neural circuit reverse
engineering in
animal
Neuroprosthetic
medical devices
Patients with
superpowers
Multi-region neural
prostheses
Neural prosthesis
based whole brain
emulation
Structure to Function
system identification
library
Whole brain
emulation from
connectome
(including preserved
brains)
2017-2020 2018-2022 2025-2028 2027-2030 2035-2040
2036-2042 2040-2050 2055-2070 2060-2080 2075-2100

21.
In brief
Who is doing this? - academia, Kernel, NeuraLink,
Brain Preservation Foundation, Carboncopies
Is it me? - neuroprosthesis vs scan&copy
Magical consciousness: ‘analog’, ‘quantum’,
multilayed nonlinear system with feedback, IIT vs
circuit models
Predicting what will happen & ethical challenges

22.
Thank youThank you

23.
Brain Performance
Institute
Better Your Brain
Leanne Young, PhD, Executive Director, Brain
Performance Institute

24.
OVERVIEW
Leveraging over 30 years of BrainHealth research to deliver
transformative brain-science innovations to the public.

25.
DRIVERS FOR TOOLS TO BETTER OUR BRAINS
• Educational
Gaps
• Technological
Competency
• Technology
Impact
• Working
Environments
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
PISA – Program for international student assessment

26.
DRIVERS FOR TOOLS TO BETTER OUR BRAINS
• Educational
Gaps
• Technological
Competency
• Technology
Impact
• Working
Environments
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
PIAAC – Program for international assessment of adult competencies

27.
DRIVERS FOR TOOLS TO BETTER OUR BRAINS
• Educational
Gaps
• Technological
Competency
• Technology
Impact
• Working
Environments
(Mark, et al 2013)
(T-Mobile 2012)

28.
DRIVERS FOR TOOLS TO BETTER OUR BRAINS
• Educational
Gaps
• Technological
Competency
• Technology
Impact
• Working
Environments
Adrian F. Ward, et al. Brain Drain: The Mere Presence of One’s Own Smartphone Reduces Available
Cognitive Capacity. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research 2017, 2:140-154.
DOI: 10.1086/691462

29.
MAXIMIZING COGNITIVE POTENTIAL
▪ Complex Thinking
▪ Corporate Training
▪ Brain Resilience
▪ Teen Reasoning
▪ Physical Exercise
▪ Decision Making
▪ Benchmark & annual
check up
▪ Neuromodulation
Healthy Brain
Performance▪ Autism/Aspergers
▪ ADHD
▪ Multiple Sclerosis
▪ Addiction
▪ Depression
▪ Alzheimer’s
▪ Mild Cognitive Impairment
▪ Frontotemporal dementia
▪ Bipolar disorder
▪ Concussion
▪ Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
▪ Stroke
▪ Brain Tumor
▪ Chemo Brain
Disease / Disorder
Injury
▪ Cognitive Reserve
▪ Resilience
▪ Prevention of Age-
related Decline
▪ Improved Well-being
▪ Improved Performance
Healthy Brain
Maintenance

30.
PROGRAMS
• Brain Health
and
Performance
Assessments
• Cognitive
Training
• Scientifically-
based
Mindfulness
• Social
Cognition
Training
• Assesses mental abilities that support
agile, adaptive, and goal-oriented
thinking.
• Monitors changes to help build resilience
and guard against decline.
• Recommends ways to optimize brain
health and daily performance.
• On-line or one-on-one with a clinician
Innovation

31.
PROGRAMS
• Brain Health
and
Performance
Assessments
• Cognitive
Training
• Scientifically-
based
Mindfulness
• Social
Cognition
Training

32.
PROGRAMS
• Brain Health
and
Performance
Assessments
• Cognitive
Training
• Scientifically-
based
Mindfulness
• Social
Cognition
Training
MINDFULNESS = FOCUSED ATTENTION

33.
PROGRAMS
• Brain Health
and
Performance
Assessments
• Cognitive
Training
• Scientifically-
based
Mindfulness
• Social
Cognition
Training

34.
CURRENT REACH
1st Responders

35.
THE NEXT STEP: BRAINHEALTH 2027
• Aspirational goal: Double
Brain Performance in 10
years!
• Consortium of Partners
dedicated to:
– Developing brain
health vitals
– Conducting 10-year
interventional study
– Mind-to-molecule
Research
– Technology
Development

36.
QUESTIONS?

37.
ARROWSMITH PROGRAM
Plans to better equip schools helping
students with learning difficulties
Debbie Gilmore
Executive Director
Arrowsmith Program

38.
What is the Arrowsmith Program?
The Arrowsmith Program was developed by
Barbara Arrowsmith Young in 1978 using the
foundational concepts of neuroplasticity

39.
What is the Arrowsmith Program?
The Arrowsmith Program is a suite of cognitive programs comprised of
intensive and graduated cognitive exercises that are designed to strengthen
a series of cognitive functions that are hypothesized to underlie a range of
specific learning difficulties.
The program is facilitated by a trained Arrowsmith Program teacher in an
educational setting.
The 19 cognitive functions addressed by the Arrowsmith Program are those
involved in reading, writing, auditory memory, non-verbal learning, reasoning,
executive functioning, numeracy, visual memory and spatial awareness.

40.
Vision
Alleviate suffering through cognitive programs for
everyone
Mission
To ensure that every primary school in the world
has a cognitive program in each classroom, as well
as individualized Arrowsmith Programs available for
those who need it

41.
Scalability
Create a system that will support
continued research
Collect all raw student
exercise data
Improve
accessibility
Improve program
delivery and
administration

42.
2013
Teachers Students Administration
Teacher:Student ratio =
1:10

43.
2017
Teacher App
(Tablet)
Student Portal
(computer exercises)
Arrowsmith
Cognitive
Tracking
System
Administration
Big Data
Teacher:Student ratio = 1:15

44.
Teacher App Overview
Teachers log in to the app installed on their tablet to access their
student list for use in the classroom during each cognitive period
Organization Progress and
Engagement
Goal Setting Changing Exercise
Levels
Student Exercise
Settings
Planning Mode- Use
scheduling tool
Track progress in real
time
Set goals on the
tablet using data
stored on the tablet
Advance students
through stages of the
exercises
Set exercise
preferences using the
tablet
Planning Mode- View
all students working
on a specific exercise
Track engagement in
real time
Calculate goals
automatically using
built in equations
Verify mastery of the
current level to move
to the next level of an
exercise
Reset student
password for the
Student Portal
Planning Mode-View
all students and their
exercises by period
Access the history of
progress and
engagement every
day
Customize the
display of goals to
student via student
portal
Reassign to the next
level of an exercise

45.
Student Portal Overview
Student logs in to the portal on their
browser to access computer-based
exercises
All student work completed in the
portal is automatically recorded and
data is presented on the Teacher App

46.
Arrowsmith Cognitive Tracking System
Overview
Teacher logs in to A.C.T.S. to perform administrative
tasks and access student records
Administrative Tasks:
• Student Enrolment
• Calendars
• Classes
• Data Extract
• Access to Assessment
protocols
Student Records:
• Student Information
• Learning Profiles
• Cognitive Programs
• Reports

47.
Integrated System
Arrowsmith
Cognitive Exercises
Computer Exercises
+
Non-Computer Exercises
Teacher Actions
A.C.T.S.
Administration +
Data Tracking +
Program Changes

48.
www.alzheimersprevention.org
Brain Longevity ®
Therapy: How Meditation
Can Help
Prevent Alzheimer’s
Disease
Dr. Christopher Walling
Chair, Education & Outreach
Committee: ARPF.

49.
Alzheimer’s Research and Prevention
Foundation (ARPF):
Founded in 1993 by Dharma Singh Khalsa, MD
Mission: Dedicated to the Prevention of
Alzheimer’s Disease by funding neuroscience
research on meditation as an Integrative
Medicine modality and providing educational
outreach and memory screenings.

50.
Alzheimer’s Research and Prevention
Foundation (ARPF):
Designing and funding groundbreaking work for 25 years:
• Dedicating research to the prevention of Alzheimer’s through
meditation and lifestyle
• Revolutionizing the conventional medical wisdom
• Establishing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as a preventable
disease that can even be effectively treated and often
prevented via a brain-healthy lifestyle
• Educating the public about the disease and ways to delay its
development

51.
The ARPF Four Pillars of
Alzheimer’s Prevention
1. Diet and Brain Specific Nutrients
2. Stress Management
3. Exercise (Mental & Physical)
4. Spiritual Fitness
(Combo of PWB & SWB)

52.
56
ARPF’s
Groundbreaking
Research -
Examples of
Pioneering Work

53.
Research: Research Partners

54.
Research: Contributions to Medical Textbooks

55.
Research History: 30 Papers Published in
Prestigious Medical Journals since 2010

56.
Research:
In 2017, ARPF research was published three times in
the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease

57.
History: Organized the First Medical Conference
on the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease (2003)

58.
Kirtan Kriya
Before After
Khalsa, D. Newberg, A: Nuclear Medicine Communications, Sept. 2009

59.
Posterior Cingulate Gyrus
Up
Khalsa, D.S., Newberg, A. Jl of Nuclear Med Communication 2009
Preventing Alzheimer’s in 12 Minutes a Day?

60.
From: A pilot study of yogic meditation for family dementia caregivers with depressive
symptoms: effects on mental health, cognition, and telomerase activity, Lavretsky H, Epel
ES, Siddarth P, Nazarian N, St. Cyr N, Khalsa DS, Lin J, Blackburn E, Irwin MR,
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, (2012).
Kirtan Kriya on Telomerase

61.
Present Day: Presenting Research
at Major Medical Conferences

62.
Brain Longevity® Therapy Training
Due to the aging of our population, there is a great need for
evidence-based, lifestyle tools that help older adults stay
mentally healthy and sharp, and remain active members of our
community. Thus the creation of the Brain Longevity®
Therapy Training.

63.
Brain Longevity® Therapy Training
Program Designed for:
• Neuroscientists
• Healthcare Providers
• Leaders in the
Healthcare Industry
• Mental Health
Therapists
• Caregivers
• Individuals who want
to learn how to
improve their own
brain health
Inaugural Class of 2017

64.
Brain Longevity® Therapy Training
High Praise for Training, testimonials from attendees:
“The staff is exceptional and very accommodating. Materials
and organization of curriculum was great and beyond
expectations. Speakers were awesome and leaders in their
field.”
“The faculty is amazing. The research was
interpreted in a meaningful way. I now have a
program that I can share with my family and
community.”
“This was one of the most amazing
experiences that I have had. The training
exceeded all my expectations, and was so
much more than a training... it was an
awakening for all of us to go out into the world
and make a difference.”

65.
Brain Longevity® Therapy Training
By end of 2017:
• 46 certified teachers from across the USA and Mexico,
Europe and Australia.
• Various Brain Longevity Teachers are already
presenting at conferences and in their community:
• California Assisted Living Association
• Aging and Brain Health Workshop –Colorado
• California Yogafit Conference

66.
Brain Longevity® Therapy Training
Looking ahead to 2018:
• Creating full suite of online courses for Brain Longevity
Therapy Training
• Conducting quarterly professional development
webinars for certified teachers
• March training at Kripalu Center for Yoga and Health
(Mass).

67.
To Learn More
www.alzheimersprevention.org
drchris@alzheimersprevention.org

68.
To learn more, visit sharpbrains.com