Beyond the US col­lege student’s brain: A sur­vey of pri­or­i­ties across geog­ra­phy and age

SharpBrains
SharpBrainsMarket/ Innovation Analyst on Digital Brain Health. Young Global Leader @ World Economic Forum
A survey of brain-based priorities
across geography and age
Welcome to Day 2!
Sponsors
Beyond the US college student’s brain:
A survey of priorities across geography and age
Chaired by: Dr. Olivier Oullier,
Professor of Behavioral and Brain
Sciences at Aix-Marseille University
Eduardo Briceño,
CEO of Mindset Works
Dr. Graeme Moffat,
Director of Scientific &
Regulatory Affairs at InteraXon
Tara Thiagarajan,
Managing Director of
Madura Microfinance
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Growth Mindset
Effect on Performance & Health
Eduardo Briceño
Co-Founder & CEO, Mindset Works
ebriceno@mindsetworks.com | @eduardobricen0
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Carol Dweck, Ph.D.
fixed mindset growth mindset
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
fixed mindset growth mindset
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
fixed mindset growth mindset
“It’snot that I’mso smart,
it’sjust that Istay
with theproblem longer.”
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
-Your intelligence issomething you can't change very much.
-You can learn new things, but you can't really change your basic intelligence
- No matter who you are,you can change your intelligence alot.
fixed mindset growth mindset
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
fixed mindset growth mindset
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Mindset effect on reading
∙ Chilean National Achievement Test
∙ 10th grade test incorporated
Growth Mindset Assessment
n=150,000+
Claro, Paunesku, & Dweck, in prep.
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Mindset effect on reading
Claro, Paunesku, & Dweck, in prep.
0%
10%
20%
30%
Fixed Intermediate Growth
Mindset
Students Scoring in Top 20%
Students in a
Growth Mindset were
3x more likely
to score in the
top fifth!
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
fixed mindset growth mindset
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Learning & improving
Positive
Seeks challenges
Resilient
Learning-oriented
As lessons & inspiration
Situations & motivations
Educate, compromise
Higher resilience
Looking smart
Negative
Avoids challenges
Helpless
Defensive
As threats
Fixed traits
Punish, retaliate
Higher depression
Growth
Goal
View of effort
Challenge-seeking
Response to setbacks
Response to criticism
Views others’ success
Attributes wrong-doing to
Response to wrong-doing
Upon life challenges
Fixed
Why? resultsbelief behavior
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Growth Mindset in the Workplace
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Example Growth Mindset in Action
Warren Buffett &
Charlie Munger
“Warren Buffett has become a lot better
investor since the day I met him, and so
have I. If we had been frozen at any given
stage, with the knowledge we had, the
record would have been much worse than
it is. So the game is to keep learning.”
- Charlie Munger
“I just sit in my office and read all day.”…
“Read 500 pages like this every day. That's
how knowledge builds up, like compound
interest.”
- Warren Buffett
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
People who think good negotiators are
made (vs. born):
Persevere in a tough negotiation
Create more collective value
Capture more value
Negotiation Skills
Kray, Laura J., and Michael P. Haselhuhn (2007), "Implicit Negotiation Beliefs and Performance:
Experimental and Longitudinal Evidence", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93, 49-64.
Good negotiators
are made
Good negotiators
are born
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Leadership Skills
People who learn that leaders are made (vs born),
experience:
Higher confidence in their ability to lead
Lower anxiety and depression-like symptoms
Higher leadership performance
Hoyt, C. L., Burnette, J., & Innella, A. (2012). I can do that: The impact of implicit theories on leadership role model effectiveness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38, 257-268.
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Asked people in different fields questions like:
“If you want to succeed in [discipline], hard work
alone just won’t cut it; you need to have an innate
gift or talent.”
“When it comes to [discipline] the most important factors
for success are motivation and sustained effort; raw ability
is secondary.”
Effects on Diversity
S.-J. Leslie, A. Cimpian, M. Meyer, E. Freeland. Expectations of brilliance underlie gender distributions across academic disciplines. Science, 2015; 347 (6219): 262 DOI:
10.1126/science.1261375
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Field’s Mindset vs % Women
Meyer M, Cimpian A and Leslie S-J (2015) Women are underrepresented in fields where success is believed to require brilliance. Front. Psychol. 6:235.
Growth Fixed
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Growth Mindset in Health
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Growth Mindset & Health
Adults who learn that body weight is malleable, experience:
More effective self-regulation after dieting setbacks
Greater weight-loss
Burnette, J. L. (2010). Implicit theories of body weight: Entity beliefs can weigh you down. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36(3), 410-422.
High school freshmen who learn that people and
circumstances can change, experience:
Fewer depression symptoms
Yeagert,D.. In preparation
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Academics
Health
Sports
Relationships
Workplace
Growth Mindset Implications
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Key Takeaways
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Key Takeaways
∙ A growth mindset leads to higher improvement,
performance, relationships and health
∙ The belief (the understanding that we can improve)
is necessary for the behaviors
∙ 3 ways to foster growth mindsets are:
∙ Learn that abilities can change
∙ Learn about how to improve
∙ Model learning and foster a learning community
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
Resources
∙ Happy to share these slides –
ebriceno@mindsetworks.com
∙ Book: Mindset, by Carol Dweck, Ph.D.
∙ Growth Mindset TEDx video: The Power of Belief
∙ Mindset Works newsletter:
http://community.mindsetworks.com/newsletter
∙ Other resources:
http://www.mindsetworks.com/free-resources
∙ Your colleagues!
Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc.
www.mindsetworks.com
THANK YOU!
Eduardo Briceño
@eduardobricen0
by Oregon Department of Transportation
Adjustable
3 Reference Sensors
2 SmartSense
Conductive Rubber
Ear Sensors
Power/Pairing
Button
LED
Lights
2 Charging
Ports
Muse: the brain sensing headband
2 Forehead
Sensors
© Interaxon 2015
ChooseMuse.com
Graeme Moffat
moffat@choosemuse.com
Muse: Meditation Made Easy
© Interaxon 2015
ChooseMuse.com
While you are meditating,
you actually hear
the sound of your own mind
Muse Projects
@ choosemuse ChooseMuse.com © Interaxon 2015
ChooseMuse.com
© Interaxon 2015
ChooseMuse.com
Pervasive consumer neurotechnology
Privacy, data ownership:
imperative in pervasive neurotech
© Interaxon 2015
ChooseMuse.com
Frequency (Hz)
Power (log10)
From difference to population dynamics:
EEG power spectrum
© Interaxon 2015
ChooseMuse.com
From difference to population dynamics:
Alpha peak frequency
© Interaxon 2015
ChooseMuse.com
From difference to population dynamics:
Alpha peak frequency & age at very large scale
© Interaxon 2015
ChooseMuse.com
From difference to population dynamics:
Effect of sex & age at very large scale
© Interaxon 2015
ChooseMuse.com
From difference to population dynamics:
Large-scale effects of training (Kovacevic et al. 2015)
© Interaxon 2015
ChooseMuse.com
Personalized + big neurodata for optimal brain health
Individual User data +
Machine learning:
Repeated measures to
refine intervention
Consumer-scale
neurodata:
Population diversity & specificity
for overall improved interventions
MillionsThousandsTens
Truly effective
Consumer
neurotechnology
interventions
Platform
7 Billion
Brains
Tara Thiagarajan
Global
Brain
Diversity
What is the extent of
difference in the human
brain across the planet?
What experiential factors
drive these differences?
How do we cluster along
different dimensions?
Develop new analytical approaches
to extract interesting features of
brain activity from EEG recordings
and build apps and tools around
these.
Emotiv EPOCWhat
we do
Assumes that
temporal structure
(relative phase
information) holds
meaning.
Our
Analytical
Approach
Brain
Profiling
Dashboard
31%
γ 2.1
Network Connectedness
Complexity
72+/- 15%
Resting Oscillation Power
@12Hz
1042
Where We
Are Going
 Building our database through
collaborations across the world
 ‘Brain Profiling’ application
 Understand relationships to
 Disease
 Learning styles
 Personality
 Cognitive Abilities
1700s
200 fold range of incomes
Mobility constrained by horse speed
No telecommunications
Limited energy use (wood, horsepower)
Diverging
Human
Experience 2000s
200 Million fold range of incomes
Wide range of mobility
Wide range of communications
Wide range of energy use
400 people across
48 settlements (populations of 300
to 6 million, 20,000x)
50% male, 50% female
Ages spread uniformly across 25-65
Income range $300 to
>>$100k per year (~1000x)
Informed consent
The
India
Study
Income
Education
Communication
Mobility
Energy Use
[Diet]
Recording
Life Experience
The
Experimental
Paradigm
3 minutes of spontaneous activity when the
participant was still with their eyes closed
Using the Emotiv Epoc
Temporal
Complexity
A measure of
waveform diversity
mean +/- SEM
Temporal
Complexity
Age and gender
Age Gender
mean +/- SEM
Temporal
Complexity
Gross Experience
Income Education Travel
Temporal
Complexity
Two clearly distinct
populations
<6th grade,
Low tech
College,
High tech
Resting
Oscillation
15,000 fold difference
across participants
8-15 Hz
Alpha Band
Haves
Have Nots (50%)
Resting Oscillation Power
5000 1000
0
1500
0
Resting Oscillation Frequency
10 12.5 157.5
%ofParticipants
10
30
20
0
10
30
20
0
%ofParticipants
*Note the logarithmic scales
Resting
Oscillation
15,000 fold difference
across participants
Education
137 8 9 10 11 126
Log2(Fuel Spend)
Fuel
1
Log5(Mobile Usage)
2 3 4 5 6
Mobile
What does
it all mean?
Sathish
Dhanya
Aravind
Govind
Management and staff of
Madura Microfinance
SciSphere team
www.sapienlabs.org
tara@sapienlabs.org
Summit is on a short
“Bio” Break.
(we will resume at 10:00am Pacific Time)
Chat forums will be available during the Watecooler session
To learn more, visit sharpbrains.com
1 of 57

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Beyond the US col­lege student’s brain: A sur­vey of pri­or­i­ties across geog­ra­phy and age

  • 1. A survey of brain-based priorities across geography and age
  • 2. Welcome to Day 2! Sponsors
  • 3. Beyond the US college student’s brain: A survey of priorities across geography and age Chaired by: Dr. Olivier Oullier, Professor of Behavioral and Brain Sciences at Aix-Marseille University Eduardo Briceño, CEO of Mindset Works Dr. Graeme Moffat, Director of Scientific & Regulatory Affairs at InteraXon Tara Thiagarajan, Managing Director of Madura Microfinance
  • 4. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Growth Mindset Effect on Performance & Health Eduardo Briceño Co-Founder & CEO, Mindset Works ebriceno@mindsetworks.com | @eduardobricen0
  • 5. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Carol Dweck, Ph.D. fixed mindset growth mindset
  • 6. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. fixed mindset growth mindset
  • 7. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. fixed mindset growth mindset “It’snot that I’mso smart, it’sjust that Istay with theproblem longer.”
  • 8. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. -Your intelligence issomething you can't change very much. -You can learn new things, but you can't really change your basic intelligence - No matter who you are,you can change your intelligence alot. fixed mindset growth mindset
  • 9. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. fixed mindset growth mindset
  • 10. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Mindset effect on reading ∙ Chilean National Achievement Test ∙ 10th grade test incorporated Growth Mindset Assessment n=150,000+ Claro, Paunesku, & Dweck, in prep.
  • 11. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Mindset effect on reading Claro, Paunesku, & Dweck, in prep. 0% 10% 20% 30% Fixed Intermediate Growth Mindset Students Scoring in Top 20% Students in a Growth Mindset were 3x more likely to score in the top fifth!
  • 12. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. fixed mindset growth mindset
  • 13. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Learning & improving Positive Seeks challenges Resilient Learning-oriented As lessons & inspiration Situations & motivations Educate, compromise Higher resilience Looking smart Negative Avoids challenges Helpless Defensive As threats Fixed traits Punish, retaliate Higher depression Growth Goal View of effort Challenge-seeking Response to setbacks Response to criticism Views others’ success Attributes wrong-doing to Response to wrong-doing Upon life challenges Fixed Why? resultsbelief behavior
  • 14. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Growth Mindset in the Workplace
  • 15. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Example Growth Mindset in Action Warren Buffett & Charlie Munger “Warren Buffett has become a lot better investor since the day I met him, and so have I. If we had been frozen at any given stage, with the knowledge we had, the record would have been much worse than it is. So the game is to keep learning.” - Charlie Munger “I just sit in my office and read all day.”… “Read 500 pages like this every day. That's how knowledge builds up, like compound interest.” - Warren Buffett
  • 16. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. People who think good negotiators are made (vs. born): Persevere in a tough negotiation Create more collective value Capture more value Negotiation Skills Kray, Laura J., and Michael P. Haselhuhn (2007), "Implicit Negotiation Beliefs and Performance: Experimental and Longitudinal Evidence", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93, 49-64. Good negotiators are made Good negotiators are born
  • 17. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Leadership Skills People who learn that leaders are made (vs born), experience: Higher confidence in their ability to lead Lower anxiety and depression-like symptoms Higher leadership performance Hoyt, C. L., Burnette, J., & Innella, A. (2012). I can do that: The impact of implicit theories on leadership role model effectiveness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38, 257-268.
  • 18. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Asked people in different fields questions like: “If you want to succeed in [discipline], hard work alone just won’t cut it; you need to have an innate gift or talent.” “When it comes to [discipline] the most important factors for success are motivation and sustained effort; raw ability is secondary.” Effects on Diversity S.-J. Leslie, A. Cimpian, M. Meyer, E. Freeland. Expectations of brilliance underlie gender distributions across academic disciplines. Science, 2015; 347 (6219): 262 DOI: 10.1126/science.1261375
  • 19. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Field’s Mindset vs % Women Meyer M, Cimpian A and Leslie S-J (2015) Women are underrepresented in fields where success is believed to require brilliance. Front. Psychol. 6:235. Growth Fixed
  • 20. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Growth Mindset in Health
  • 21. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Growth Mindset & Health Adults who learn that body weight is malleable, experience: More effective self-regulation after dieting setbacks Greater weight-loss Burnette, J. L. (2010). Implicit theories of body weight: Entity beliefs can weigh you down. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36(3), 410-422. High school freshmen who learn that people and circumstances can change, experience: Fewer depression symptoms Yeagert,D.. In preparation
  • 22. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Academics Health Sports Relationships Workplace Growth Mindset Implications
  • 23. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Key Takeaways
  • 24. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Key Takeaways ∙ A growth mindset leads to higher improvement, performance, relationships and health ∙ The belief (the understanding that we can improve) is necessary for the behaviors ∙ 3 ways to foster growth mindsets are: ∙ Learn that abilities can change ∙ Learn about how to improve ∙ Model learning and foster a learning community
  • 25. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. Resources ∙ Happy to share these slides – ebriceno@mindsetworks.com ∙ Book: Mindset, by Carol Dweck, Ph.D. ∙ Growth Mindset TEDx video: The Power of Belief ∙ Mindset Works newsletter: http://community.mindsetworks.com/newsletter ∙ Other resources: http://www.mindsetworks.com/free-resources ∙ Your colleagues!
  • 26. Copyright © Mindset Works, Inc. www.mindsetworks.com THANK YOU! Eduardo Briceño @eduardobricen0 by Oregon Department of Transportation
  • 27. Adjustable 3 Reference Sensors 2 SmartSense Conductive Rubber Ear Sensors Power/Pairing Button LED Lights 2 Charging Ports Muse: the brain sensing headband 2 Forehead Sensors © Interaxon 2015 ChooseMuse.com Graeme Moffat moffat@choosemuse.com
  • 28. Muse: Meditation Made Easy © Interaxon 2015 ChooseMuse.com While you are meditating, you actually hear the sound of your own mind
  • 29. Muse Projects @ choosemuse ChooseMuse.com © Interaxon 2015 ChooseMuse.com
  • 30. © Interaxon 2015 ChooseMuse.com Pervasive consumer neurotechnology
  • 31. Privacy, data ownership: imperative in pervasive neurotech © Interaxon 2015 ChooseMuse.com
  • 32. Frequency (Hz) Power (log10) From difference to population dynamics: EEG power spectrum © Interaxon 2015 ChooseMuse.com
  • 33. From difference to population dynamics: Alpha peak frequency © Interaxon 2015 ChooseMuse.com
  • 34. From difference to population dynamics: Alpha peak frequency & age at very large scale © Interaxon 2015 ChooseMuse.com
  • 35. From difference to population dynamics: Effect of sex & age at very large scale © Interaxon 2015 ChooseMuse.com
  • 36. From difference to population dynamics: Large-scale effects of training (Kovacevic et al. 2015) © Interaxon 2015 ChooseMuse.com
  • 37. Personalized + big neurodata for optimal brain health Individual User data + Machine learning: Repeated measures to refine intervention Consumer-scale neurodata: Population diversity & specificity for overall improved interventions MillionsThousandsTens Truly effective Consumer neurotechnology interventions Platform
  • 39. Global Brain Diversity What is the extent of difference in the human brain across the planet? What experiential factors drive these differences? How do we cluster along different dimensions?
  • 40. Develop new analytical approaches to extract interesting features of brain activity from EEG recordings and build apps and tools around these. Emotiv EPOCWhat we do
  • 41. Assumes that temporal structure (relative phase information) holds meaning. Our Analytical Approach
  • 43. Where We Are Going  Building our database through collaborations across the world  ‘Brain Profiling’ application  Understand relationships to  Disease  Learning styles  Personality  Cognitive Abilities
  • 44. 1700s 200 fold range of incomes Mobility constrained by horse speed No telecommunications Limited energy use (wood, horsepower) Diverging Human Experience 2000s 200 Million fold range of incomes Wide range of mobility Wide range of communications Wide range of energy use
  • 45. 400 people across 48 settlements (populations of 300 to 6 million, 20,000x) 50% male, 50% female Ages spread uniformly across 25-65 Income range $300 to >>$100k per year (~1000x) Informed consent The India Study
  • 47. The Experimental Paradigm 3 minutes of spontaneous activity when the participant was still with their eyes closed Using the Emotiv Epoc
  • 49. mean +/- SEM Temporal Complexity Age and gender Age Gender
  • 50. mean +/- SEM Temporal Complexity Gross Experience Income Education Travel
  • 51. Temporal Complexity Two clearly distinct populations <6th grade, Low tech College, High tech
  • 52. Resting Oscillation 15,000 fold difference across participants 8-15 Hz Alpha Band Haves Have Nots (50%) Resting Oscillation Power 5000 1000 0 1500 0 Resting Oscillation Frequency 10 12.5 157.5 %ofParticipants 10 30 20 0 10 30 20 0 %ofParticipants
  • 53. *Note the logarithmic scales Resting Oscillation 15,000 fold difference across participants Education 137 8 9 10 11 126 Log2(Fuel Spend) Fuel 1 Log5(Mobile Usage) 2 3 4 5 6 Mobile
  • 55. Sathish Dhanya Aravind Govind Management and staff of Madura Microfinance SciSphere team www.sapienlabs.org tara@sapienlabs.org
  • 56. Summit is on a short “Bio” Break. (we will resume at 10:00am Pacific Time) Chat forums will be available during the Watecooler session
  • 57. To learn more, visit sharpbrains.com

Editor's Notes

  1. Also discuss findings by income level… an equity issue… something that helps narrow the achievement gap…