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Dairy housing management
Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100
Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100
Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100
Table of Contents
A. Dairy Herd Information and Management Practices 7
1. Operation type and productivity 7
2. Record-keeping systems 23
3. Herd identification 29
4. Individual-animal identification 32
5. USDA Animal Disease Traceability Program 38
6. Breed and registration 40
7. Use of technology 44
8. Quality assurance programs 48
B. Biosecurity, Movement, and Off-site Rearing 50
1. Physical contact with other animals 50
2. Herd additions 54
3. Source of heifer inventory 69
4. Calf sales and rearing 71
5. Heifer rearing and movement 74
6. Bull/steer rearing and movement 90
C. Preweaned Heifer Management 96
1. Calving area 96
2. Births and stillbirths 102
3. Colostrum management 105
4. Housing 116
5. Nutrition 120
6. Weaning 141
7. Vaccination and other preventive practices 144
D. Weaned and Pregnant Heifer Management 148
1. Housing 148
2. Vaccination and other preventive practices 153
E. Cow Management 159
1. Housing 159
2. Milking facility 1793. Nutrition 183
4. Water sources and quality 194

Dairy housing management
Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100
Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100
Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100
Table of Contents
A. Dairy Herd Information and Management Practices 7
1. Operation type and productivity 7
2. Record-keeping systems 23
3. Herd identification 29
4. Individual-animal identification 32
5. USDA Animal Disease Traceability Program 38
6. Breed and registration 40
7. Use of technology 44
8. Quality assurance programs 48
B. Biosecurity, Movement, and Off-site Rearing 50
1. Physical contact with other animals 50
2. Herd additions 54
3. Source of heifer inventory 69
4. Calf sales and rearing 71
5. Heifer rearing and movement 74
6. Bull/steer rearing and movement 90
C. Preweaned Heifer Management 96
1. Calving area 96
2. Births and stillbirths 102
3. Colostrum management 105
4. Housing 116
5. Nutrition 120
6. Weaning 141
7. Vaccination and other preventive practices 144
D. Weaned and Pregnant Heifer Management 148
1. Housing 148
2. Vaccination and other preventive practices 153
E. Cow Management 159
1. Housing 159
2. Milking facility 1793. Nutrition 183
4. Water sources and quality 194

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DAIRY HOUSING MANAGEMENT.pptx

  1. 1. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  2. 2. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  3. 3. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  4. 4. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  5. 5. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  6. 6. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  7. 7. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  8. 8. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  9. 9. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  10. 10. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  11. 11. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  12. 12. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  13. 13. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  14. 14. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  15. 15. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  16. 16. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  17. 17. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  18. 18. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  19. 19. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  20. 20. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  21. 21. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250
  22. 22. Table 1: Typical management categories of a dairy herd based on uniform calving throughout the year, a 13-month calving interval, 50% female calves, all male calves sold at birth, 5 percent of calves lost at birth, and replacement of 25 pregnant heifers per 100 cows. Herd size 40 80 150 200 500 Mature cows Cows in milk 16 33 62 83 208 Dry cows 4 7 13 17 42 Total mature cows 20 40 75 100 250 Calves and heifers 0 -2 months 1 3 6 8 20 3 -4 months 1 3 6 8 20 5 -8 months 4 7 13 17 42 9 - 12 months 4 7 13 17 43 13 - 15 months 2 5 9 12 30 16 - 24 months 8 15 28 38 95 Total young stock 20 40 75 100 250

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