1.
NSHMKNOWLEDGECAMPUS, DURGAPUR-GOI
(COLLEGE CODE:273)
CA1 ASSESSM
ENT
APPLICATIONOFOPERATIONS RESEARCHINREALLIFE
PROBLEMS
Presented By
Student Name: SHASHANK KUMAR
University Roll No.: 27300720002
University
Registration No.:
202730100710001 OF 2020-21
Branch: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Year: 3rd
Semester: 6th
Paper Name: HUMANITIES II(operations research)
Paper Code: HM-HU601

2.
INTRODUCTION OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
HISTORY OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
DEFINATION OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
ADVANTAGES OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
APPLICATION OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH IN REAL
LIFE
C O NTENTS

3.
Operational Research is a systematic and analytical approach to decision
making and problem solving.
O.R. As termed in USA, Canada, Africa, Australia and Operational
Research as termed in Europe, is an Branch of applied mathematics that
uses techniques and statistics to arrive at Optimal solutions to solve
complex problems.
It is typically concerned with determining the maximum profit, sale,
output, crops yield and efficiency.
And minimum losses, risks, cost, and time of some objective function. It
ha ve a lso bec ome a n importa nt pa rt of INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
PRO FESSIO N a nd O ur Da ily life problems.
INTRODUCTION

4.
There is no clear history that marks the Birth if O.R., it is generally
a c c epted tha t the field orig ina ted in Eng la nd during the World Wa r II.
Some say that Charles Babbage (1791-1871) is the Father of O.R because
his research into the cost of transportation and sorting of mail led to
Eng la nd’s University Penny Post in 1840.
M odern O pera tions Resea rc h orig ina ted a t the
Bowdsey
Resea rc h
Station in U.K. In 1937 to analyze and improve the working of the UK’s
Early Warning Rador System.
During the Second World War about 1000 Men and Women were
eng a g ed to work for British Army.
HISTORY OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH

5.
‘Operations Research is the attack of modern science on problems of
likelihood tha t
arise in the management and control of men and machines, materials and
money in
their natural environment, its special technique is to invent a strategy of control
by
measuring, comparing and predicting probable behaviour through a scientific
model
of a situation’- Stafford Beer.
Operations Research is applied decision theory. It uses any scientific,
mathematical
DEFINITION OF OPERATIONS
RESEARCH

6.
Formulating the Problem: The first step in an OR study is to formulate the problem in
an
appropriate form. Formulating a problem consists in identifying, defining and
specifying the
mea sures of the componentsof a decision model.
Constructing the Model. The second step consists in constructing the model by
which we
mean that appropriate mathematical expressions are formulated which describe the
interrelations of all variables and parameters.
Deriving the solution. Once the model is constructed the next step in an OR study is
that of
obtaining the solution to the model, i.e., finding the optimal values of the controlled
variablesvalues that produce the best performance of the system for specified values
of the uncontrolled
METHODOLOGY OF OPERATIONS
RESEARCH

7.
Improved Decision Making: As the above example shows, operations research
techniques
can take a muddle of factors and numbers and reduce them to simple formulas. These
formulas will find the optimal solutions within the constraints of the problem.
Better Control: OR techniques give managers the tools that provide better direction and
control over subordinates. A manager can use OR methods to set up performance
standards
for employees and identify areas that need improvement.
Higher Productivity: A significant use of OR is the ability to identify optimal solutions. A
few examples are finding the best inventory mix, optimal utilization of manpower, most
desirable use of plant machinery and highest-producing marketing campaigns.
Better Departmental Coordination: When the optimal results from OR analysis are shared
with all departments, everyone works together toward the same goal. For example, the
marketing department might coordinate their efforts with the schedules laid out by the
production supervisor.
ADVANTAGES OF OPERATIONS
RESEARCH

8.
O R provides a tool for sc ientific a na lysis.
O R providessolution for va rious business problems.
OR enables proper deployment of resource.
OR helps in minimizing the waiting and servicing costs.
OR enables management to decide when to buy and how much to buy.
OR assists in choosing an optimum strategy.
OR renders great help in optimum resource allocation.
OR facilitates the process of decision-making.
Throug h O R, mana g ementc a n know the rea c tions of integ ra ted business
systems.
OR techniques help in the training/grooming of future (or would be)
managers.
APPLICATION OF OPERATIONS
RESEARCH IN REAL LIFE

9.
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