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1. INFORMATIVEINFORMATIVE
WRITINGSWRITINGS

2. The purpose of an informative
essay, sometimes called an
expository essay, is to educate
on a certain topic. It is not for
giving an opinion or convincing
someone to do something or
change his beliefs.

3. The primary purpose of informative/explanatory
writing is to increase the understanding of the
reader.
Informative/explanatory writing might include any
or all of the following:
–Providing new knowledge
–Explaining a process
–Developing a concept

4. Informative/explanatory writing might focus
on any of the following:
–Enumerating and clarifying different types
–Defining
–Detailing components
–Explaining behavior or function
–Providing explanations of why

5. Structure of an Informative
Essay
The basic structure of an informative essay is very simple. It
needs to have a beginning, middle, and end.
•The beginning needs to present the topic and grab the
attention of the audience. It needs to include
the focus sentence for the entire essay.
•The middle will be the main bulk of the essay and it will
contain all the important facts that you are
covering. This is where the audience will get their
questions answered. Remember to answer these
questions: who, what, where, when, why, and
how.
•The end is a conclusion where you will summarize the
essay. It should spur the reader or listener to
learn more about the topic.

6. Steps in Creating an Informative
Essay
Most of the work on an informative essay is done before you
actually sit down to type. Here are the general steps to take:
1.After you have chosen the topic, you will need to research and
gather all the pertinent details on that subject. You need to
ascertain what you already know about the subject and then
decide what you would like to know.
2. You will need to make a list of the important facts and then
list the main steps in your paper. Make sure all your facts are
accurate. You will need to write a topic sentence for each fact
and write a focus sentence (thesis statement) for the entire essay.

7. 3. Create an outline that will organize your facts in a
logical way. Then you will be ready to make your first
draft.
4. Editing is an important step for any writing project.
Reading your essay out loud will help you notice places
where the writing is awkward or unclear. If possible, have
someone else read it and give you their ideas for
improvement. Of course, you will need to pay attention
for grammar, punctuation, spelling, capitalization, and
other errors.
INFORMATIVE ESSAY

8. JOURNALISTIC
WRITING

9. Journalism and Journalistic
Writing
Why is it that mass media outlets
feature particular news stories
prominently while others receive
little, if any, coverage?

10. Although every outlet is different, mass media
gatekeepers have traditionally relied on some
predictable values to evaluate the
newsworthiness of a story. Their decision might
impact how the story is covered, including how
many resources are spent following the story, and
how prominently the story is featured.
In the present era of audience fragmentation,
individual audience members increasingly choose
what kind of news content they receive, yet
traditional news values often still govern how
deeply a news story permeates a community.

11. Gatlung and Ruge, 1973
• Relevance
• Timeliness
• Simplification
• Predictability
• Unexpectedness
• Continuity
• Composition
• Elite People
• Elite Countries
• Negativity

12. Shoemaimker et al., 1987
• Timeliness
• Proximity
• Importance, impact, or consequence
• Interest
• Conflict or Controversy
• Sensationalism
• Prominence
• Novelty, oddity, or the unusual

13. Conclusion
• Every news outlet has a different protocol for
selecting which stories to run, but some
traditional values often determine the
“newsworthiness” of a story. The more of these
news values a story satisfies, the more likely
you are to see it prominently featured in mass
media outlets.

14. LITERARY WRITING

15. The term 'literary writing' calls to mind works by writers
such as Shakespeare, Milton, or Wordsworth; definitive
examples of all that the term implies. We instinctively
associate the term with characteristics such as artistic
merit, creative genius, and the expression of mankind's
noblest qualities. In this essay I will explore some of the
characteristics of this kind of writing.
Literary works are primarily
distinguishable from other pieces of
writing by their creative, or artistic intent.

16. • In fundamental terms literature is 'an expression of life
through the medium of language' , but language used
more profoundly than when used simply to convey
information.
• Literature is a vital record of what men have seen in life;
what they have experienced of it, what they have
thought and felt about those aspects of it which have
the most immediate and enduring interest for all of us.
• All fiction is a kind of magic and trickery, a confidence
trick, trying to make people believe something is true
that isn't.
• Literature is a process of communication, it 'helps us to
understand life'.