Inquiry learning and the Australian Curriculum

Australian School Library Association
Australian School Library AssociationAustralian School Library Association
Inquiry learning &
the Australian
Curriculum:
A birds-eye view
Dr Mandy Lupton
Co-ordinator: Master of Education (teacher-librarianship)
Queensland University of Technology
mandy.lupton@qut.edu.au
Twitter: LuptonMandy
http://inquirylearningblog.wordpress.com/
birds-eye view
http://www.research.qut.edu.au/
blog
inquiry learning vs
information literacy
Isn’t this what TLs have been doing all along…..?
inquiry skills vs inquiry learning
Inquiry skills – information literacy, ICT literacy, information
process, discipline specific skills (e.g. data gathering, maths,
measurement, data analysis, presentation of data)
Inquiry learning – principles, philosophical stance, pedagogy
The Australian Curriculum deals with inquiry skills, NOT inquiry
learning
The inquiry skills strands are different in each subject area
TL role in school:
Birds-eye view - marry inquiry skills, CCT & ICT with inquiry learning
Advocate for a whole school inquiry approach
problems
Teachers may be implementing the Australian
Curriculum without knowing how inquiry skills
relate to inquiry learning
Within ACARA there seems to be no recognition
that many teachers (TLs, primary classroom
teachers, heads of curriculum) need a bird’s eye
view of the curriculum
http://pixabay.com/en/parrot-ave-captivity-animals-birds-55293/
principles of inquiry learning
natural
universal
authentic
real word
holistic
constructivist
outcomes
empowerment
life-long learning
pedagogy
‘any conscious activity by one person
designed to enhance learning in
another.’ (Watkins and Mortimer 1999, p.
3)
Pedagogy is the way teachers organise
learning, underpinned by the values and
beliefs that they have regarding
teaching and learning.
3 elements of inquiry learning
pedagogy
questioning
frameworks
information
literacy
process
action
research
cycle
questioning frameworks
types of questions
essential/big questions
evaluative/critical questions
disciplinary questions (e.g. geographical
questions, historical questions)
process questions (relating to each stage of
the information seeking process)
information literacy /
information seeking process
steps in the process
Big 6 ISP IP ILP
Define Initiate Define Define
Search Select
Explore
Formulate
Collect
Locate
Select
Locate
Select/analyse
Locate
Use Present Organise
Present
Organise/synth
esise
Create/present
Synthesise
Evaluate Assess Assess Evaluate
Point of reflection
Information literacy vs ICT literacy
TL – ICT coordinator – eLearning
coordinator – digital pedagogies
coordinator
Politics of having certain skills &
knowledge in the ICT general
capabilities vs in inquiry strands
action research cycle
http://nursingplanet.com/Nursing_Research/action_research_nursing.html
scaffolding inquiry learning
National Research Council (2000)
Martin-Hansen (2002)
Bell, Smetana & Binns (2005)
Teacher-
directed
Confirmation
•Results are known in advance
Structured
•Teacher question
•Teacher prescribed procedure
Teacher &
student
directed
Guided
•Teacher question
•Student procedure
Coupled
• Progresses from guided
inquiry into open inquiry
Student-
directed
Open
•Student question
•Student procedure
disciplinary approaches to
inquiry
Science - scientific method, gathering data
History - use of primary & secondary sources,
constructing a narrative ( an account of the
past)
Geography - taking action at a personal,
local, national or global level
how is inquiry represented in
the Australian Curriculum?
Inquiry skills are explicit in:
Science F-12
History F-12
Geography F-12
Civics and Citizenship 3-10 (draft)
Economics and Business 5-10 (draft)
CCT (Inquiring, identifying, exploring and organising
information and ideas)
ICT (Investigating with ICT)
Inquiry is hinted at in Mathematics:
F-10 - Data representation and interpretation - Stats &
probability
Senior General Maths – statistical investigation
inquiry strands
questions, information literacy, evaluating information
General Maths (senior)
Unit 2 Univariate data analysis & the statistical investigation process
“The statistical investigation process:
review the statistical investigation process; for example, identifying a
problem and posing a statistical question, collecting or obtaining
data, analysing the data, interpreting and communicating the results.
implement the statistical investigation process to answer questions
that involve comparing the data for a numerical variable across two
or more groups; for example, are Year 11 students the fittest in the
school?”
Also:
Unit 3 Bivariate data analysis
Unit 4 - The data investigation process
to come…
Civics & Citizenship (draft):
Inquiry and research: “inquiring and investigating
information and ideas, using research skills in
reviewing the literature & collecting data,
questioning existing situations; preparing reports &
critiquing research” (p. 10)
Economics & Business (draft):
Research, analysis & synthesis “identifying &
clarifying ..from a variety of sources…selecting &
organising economic & business info…interpreting &
critiquing media messages” (p. 12)
problems
Lack of alignment across year levels
E.g. critical evaluation of information:
Year 5 Geography
Year 7 History
Year 9 Science
Terms:
Science: pose, identify, formulate, construct
History: pose, identify, formulate, frame
Geography: pose, develop, formulate
Scaffolding sequence is different e.g. Year 7 Science
students 'individually plan', Year 9 Geography students'
independently design' investigations
Science-History-Geo-CCT-ICT
http://pixabay.com/en/seagull-bird-beach-bill-nature-183303/
Questioning: Sc, Hist, Geo, CCT
teacher or student directed
finding, selecting, accessing
sources
acknowledging sources
…ICT – digital sources
evaluation – Inquiry, CCT, ICT
evaluation criteria
Questions?
http://pixabay.com/en/owl-eagle-animal-bird-eyes-14918/
References
Harste, J. (2001). What inquiry is and isn't. In S. Boran & B. Comber (Eds.),
Critiquing whole language and classroom inquiry (pp. 1-17). Urbana:
National Council of Teachers of English.
Lupton, M (2012) Inquiry learning & information literacy
http://inquirylearningblog.wordpress.com/
Wiggins, G., & McTighe, J. (2005). Understanding by design (2nd ed.).
Alexandria VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Scardamalia, M., & Bereiter, C. (2010). A brief history of knowledge building.
Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology, 36(1), 1-16.
Watkins, C., & Mortimore, P. (1999). Pedagogy: What do we know? In P.
Mortimore (Ed.), Understanding pedagogy and its impact on learning.
London: Paul Chapman Publishing.
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Inquiry learning and the Australian Curriculum

  • 1. Inquiry learning & the Australian Curriculum: A birds-eye view Dr Mandy Lupton Co-ordinator: Master of Education (teacher-librarianship) Queensland University of Technology mandy.lupton@qut.edu.au Twitter: LuptonMandy http://inquirylearningblog.wordpress.com/
  • 4. inquiry learning vs information literacy Isn’t this what TLs have been doing all along…..?
  • 5. inquiry skills vs inquiry learning Inquiry skills – information literacy, ICT literacy, information process, discipline specific skills (e.g. data gathering, maths, measurement, data analysis, presentation of data) Inquiry learning – principles, philosophical stance, pedagogy The Australian Curriculum deals with inquiry skills, NOT inquiry learning The inquiry skills strands are different in each subject area TL role in school: Birds-eye view - marry inquiry skills, CCT & ICT with inquiry learning Advocate for a whole school inquiry approach
  • 6. problems Teachers may be implementing the Australian Curriculum without knowing how inquiry skills relate to inquiry learning Within ACARA there seems to be no recognition that many teachers (TLs, primary classroom teachers, heads of curriculum) need a bird’s eye view of the curriculum http://pixabay.com/en/parrot-ave-captivity-animals-birds-55293/
  • 7. principles of inquiry learning natural universal authentic real word holistic constructivist outcomes empowerment life-long learning
  • 8. pedagogy ‘any conscious activity by one person designed to enhance learning in another.’ (Watkins and Mortimer 1999, p. 3) Pedagogy is the way teachers organise learning, underpinned by the values and beliefs that they have regarding teaching and learning.
  • 9. 3 elements of inquiry learning pedagogy questioning frameworks information literacy process action research cycle
  • 11. types of questions essential/big questions evaluative/critical questions disciplinary questions (e.g. geographical questions, historical questions) process questions (relating to each stage of the information seeking process)
  • 13. steps in the process Big 6 ISP IP ILP Define Initiate Define Define Search Select Explore Formulate Collect Locate Select Locate Select/analyse Locate Use Present Organise Present Organise/synth esise Create/present Synthesise Evaluate Assess Assess Evaluate
  • 14. Point of reflection Information literacy vs ICT literacy TL – ICT coordinator – eLearning coordinator – digital pedagogies coordinator Politics of having certain skills & knowledge in the ICT general capabilities vs in inquiry strands
  • 16. scaffolding inquiry learning National Research Council (2000) Martin-Hansen (2002) Bell, Smetana & Binns (2005) Teacher- directed Confirmation •Results are known in advance Structured •Teacher question •Teacher prescribed procedure Teacher & student directed Guided •Teacher question •Student procedure Coupled • Progresses from guided inquiry into open inquiry Student- directed Open •Student question •Student procedure
  • 17. disciplinary approaches to inquiry Science - scientific method, gathering data History - use of primary & secondary sources, constructing a narrative ( an account of the past) Geography - taking action at a personal, local, national or global level
  • 18. how is inquiry represented in the Australian Curriculum? Inquiry skills are explicit in: Science F-12 History F-12 Geography F-12 Civics and Citizenship 3-10 (draft) Economics and Business 5-10 (draft) CCT (Inquiring, identifying, exploring and organising information and ideas) ICT (Investigating with ICT) Inquiry is hinted at in Mathematics: F-10 - Data representation and interpretation - Stats & probability Senior General Maths – statistical investigation
  • 19. inquiry strands questions, information literacy, evaluating information
  • 20. General Maths (senior) Unit 2 Univariate data analysis & the statistical investigation process “The statistical investigation process: review the statistical investigation process; for example, identifying a problem and posing a statistical question, collecting or obtaining data, analysing the data, interpreting and communicating the results. implement the statistical investigation process to answer questions that involve comparing the data for a numerical variable across two or more groups; for example, are Year 11 students the fittest in the school?” Also: Unit 3 Bivariate data analysis Unit 4 - The data investigation process
  • 21. to come… Civics & Citizenship (draft): Inquiry and research: “inquiring and investigating information and ideas, using research skills in reviewing the literature & collecting data, questioning existing situations; preparing reports & critiquing research” (p. 10) Economics & Business (draft): Research, analysis & synthesis “identifying & clarifying ..from a variety of sources…selecting & organising economic & business info…interpreting & critiquing media messages” (p. 12)
  • 22. problems Lack of alignment across year levels E.g. critical evaluation of information: Year 5 Geography Year 7 History Year 9 Science Terms: Science: pose, identify, formulate, construct History: pose, identify, formulate, frame Geography: pose, develop, formulate Scaffolding sequence is different e.g. Year 7 Science students 'individually plan', Year 9 Geography students' independently design' investigations
  • 25. teacher or student directed
  • 32. References Harste, J. (2001). What inquiry is and isn't. In S. Boran & B. Comber (Eds.), Critiquing whole language and classroom inquiry (pp. 1-17). Urbana: National Council of Teachers of English. Lupton, M (2012) Inquiry learning & information literacy http://inquirylearningblog.wordpress.com/ Wiggins, G., & McTighe, J. (2005). Understanding by design (2nd ed.). Alexandria VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Scardamalia, M., & Bereiter, C. (2010). A brief history of knowledge building. Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology, 36(1), 1-16. Watkins, C., & Mortimore, P. (1999). Pedagogy: What do we know? In P. Mortimore (Ed.), Understanding pedagogy and its impact on learning. London: Paul Chapman Publishing.