1. CHAPTER 27
World War I and the Russian
Revolution
Section 1: Setting the Stage for War
Section 2: World War I: A New Kind
of War
Section 3: The Russian Revolution
Section 4: The Terms of Peace
Section 5: Creating a “New” Europe

2. Chap 27: SECTION 1 Monday – Mar. 27th
Setting the Stage for War
Big Question #1:
How did World War I
begin?

3. Chap 27: SECTION 1 Monday – Mar. 27th
Setting the Stage for War
Big Question #1: How did World War I begin?
Causes of World War I -page 6
B. Quest for pride, power and land.
C. Alliances brought many countries together
as friend and foes
D. Serbian assassination of A/H Archduke
Ferdinand

4. Chap 27: SECTION 1 Monday – Mar. 27th
Setting the Stage for War
Gavrilo Princip

5. Chap 27: SECTION 1 Monday – Mar. 27th
Setting the Stage for War
Little Question 1.a.:
What alliances existed in
Europe at the outbreak of
World War I?

6. Chap 27: SECTION 1 Monday – Mar. 27th
Setting the Stage for War
Opposing Alliances at Outbreak of War
1907 1879
Austria-
Britain Russia Germany
Hungary
Triple Triple
Entente Alliance
1904 1882 1882
1894
(Allies) (Central)
France Italy

7. Chap 27: SECTION 1 Monday – APR 13th
Setting the Stage for War
Triple Entente – Allied Powers
France – Premier Georges Clemenceau
Britain – Prime Minister David Lloyd George
Russia – Tsar Nicholas II & Vladimir Lenin
United States – President Woodrow Wilson
Italy - Vittorio Emanuele Orlando
Triple Alliance – Central Powers
Germany – Kaiser Wilhelm II
Austria – Emperor Franz Joseph I
Hungary – Prime Minister, Stefan Tisza
Ottoman – Mehmed IV

8. Chap 27: SECTION 1 Monday – Mar. 27th

9. Map of the World with the Participants in World War 1. The Allies are
depicted in green, the Central Powers in orange, and neutral
countries in grey.

10. Chap 27: SECTION 1 Monday – Mar. 27th
Setting the Stage for War
Little Question 1.b.:
Why did a Serbian
assassinate the Archduke of
Austria-Hungary?

11. Chap 27: SECTION 1 Monday – Mar. 27th
Setting the Stage for War
Little Question 1.b.:
• Serbia wanted to create a large “slavic” nation that
would include Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia into their empire
• Germany was trying to get the Ottoman Empire to
help Germany gain more territory and power
• Serbia was feeling the pressure of these giant
empires all around them and wanted to prove to
them that they would not be pushed around
• The Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife were
in Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia
• Shooting the heir to the throne of A/H sent a
message of nationalism & independence.

12. Chap 27: SECTION 1 Monday – Mar. 27th
Setting the Stage for War
Little Question 1.c.:
How did the assassination of
an Archduke turn into a
world war?

13. Chap 27: SECTION 1 Monday – Mar. 27th
Setting the Stage for War
Little Question 1.c.:
• Russia backed Serbia
• Germany backed A/H and declared war on
Russia and France
• Britain backed France and declared war on
Germany
• Japan sided with Britain in hopes of gaining
German territory in Asia
• Italy signed a secret treaty with the Entente
and joined the war against Germany & A/H
• Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria join Germany & A/
H

14. SECTION 2
World War I: A New Kind
of War
Big Question #2:
What were the advantages
of both the Central and
Allied Powers?

15. SECTION 2
World War I: A New Kind
of War
Advantages of the Central Advantages of the
Powers Allied Powers
• more soldiers
• territory that extended
from the North Sea to the
• greater industrial
Middle East
capacity
• Germany’s powerful army • Britain’s navy
• rapid communications and
movement

16. SECTION 2
World War I: A New Kind
of War
Little Question 2.a.:
How did new technology
affect the way in which World
War I was fought?

17. SECTION 2
World War I: A New Kind
of War
Military Technology pg 10
Technology Its Effect Remedy
•U-boat many boats sunk mines & torpedoes
•Poison gas death & deformation gas masks
•Machine gun many soldiers deaths better armor & tanks
•Balloons reconnaissance anti-aircraft guns, planes
•Airplane recon & bombing mounted machine guns
•Tanks protect from machine larger bombs & missiles
guns & barbed wire

18. SECTION 2

19. Chap 27: SECTION 3 Thursday – Mar. 30th
Russian Revolution
Big Question #3:
Why did Russia sign the
Peace Treaty with Germany?

20. Chap 27: SECTION 3 Thursday – Mar. 30th
Russian Revolution
Big Question #3:
Why did Russia sign the
Peace Treaty with Germany?
• Lost half of its army
• Poor economy
• Revolution at home

21. Chap 27: SECTION 3 Thursday – Mar. 30th
Russian Revolution
Little Question 3.a.:
What events led to the
Russian Revolution?
•Poverty
•Poor performance in war
•Suppression of democracy
•Weak Duma

22. Chap 27: SECTION 3 Thursday – Mar. 30th
Russian Revolution
Little Question 3.b.:
How did the Communists
come to power?
Lenin and the Bolsheviks
•Appealed to the poor Russian
masses
•Formed basis of communism

23. Chap 27: SECTION 3 Thursday – Mar. 30th
Russian Revolution
Little Question 3.c.:
How did the Russian Revolution affect
Russia’s participation in WWI?
• Lenin signed peace treaty with
Central Powers
• Communists fought socialist
opposition

24. SECTION 4
The Terms of Peace
The End of the War: September-November, 1918
September October November
Germans are stopped Turks ask for peace German Kaiser
at the Marne River abdicates, German
Austria-Hungary
republic is
Bulgaria surrenders stops fighting, forms
announced
Germany signs
separate
armistice
governments

25. Chap 27: SECTION 4 Thursday – Mar. 30th
The Terms of Peace
Outcomes of WWI
Order of those that surrendered
1917 – Russia – signed peace treaty with Germany
1918 – Bulgaria
- A/H – becomes 2 separate countries
- Ottoman Empire – splits up
- Turkey – independent country
- Britain takes: Iraq, Palestine and Jordan
- France takes: Lebanon and Syria
- Germany – lost all colonies around the world

26. Chap 27: SECTION 4 Thursday – Mar. 30th
The Terms of Peace

27. SECTION 4

28. Chap 27: SECTION 4 Thursday – Mar. 30th
The Terms of Peace
Little Question 4.a.:
Define the Fourteen points
• 6 points that ensure a safer war
- see page714
• 8 points that deal specifically with regions
or countries
-following slide

29. Chap 27: SECTION 4 Thursday – Mar. 30th
The Terms of Peace
Little Question 4.a.: Define the Fourteen points
• Points 1-6
2) No secret treaties;
3) freedom of the seas for all nations;
4) removal of all economic barriers, such as
tariffs;
5) reduction of national armaments;
5) adjustment of colonies
6) establishment of “League of Nations” to
guarantee political independence
and protection to small and large states alike.

30. Chap 27: SECTION 4 Thursday – Mar. 30th
The Terms of Peace
Little Question 4.a.: Define the Fourteen points
• Points 7-14
VII. Restoration of Belgium
VIII. Restoration of all French lands
IX. Clearly define the border of Italy
X. The development of a democracy in Austria-Hungary
XI. Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro should be evacuated
XII. Turkey should be liberated
XIII. A free Polish state
XIV. A general association of nations (League of Nations)

31. Chap 27: SECTION 4 Thursday – Mar. 30th
The Terms of Peace
Little Question 4.b.:
How was the Paris Peace Conference received?
• U.S. wanted fair rules, & did not want to anger
Germany into another conflict
• European Allies wanted to punish Germany to pay
for the damages, and make sure Germany never
became strong enough again to start another
war.
• The Central Powers and Russia had little or no
say

32. Chap 27: SECTION 5 Friday – Mar. 31st
Creating a “New” Europe
Big Question #5:
How was the League of
Nations structured, and what
was its relationship to the
World Court?

33. SECTION 5
Creating a “New” Europe
World Court
League of Nations
Secretariat
An independent
body that
would
Council
determine
Permanent Members
cases of
Rotating Members
international
law
Assembly

34. Chap 27: SECTION 5 Friday – Mar. 31st
Creating a “New” Europe
Little Question 5.a.:
What were the terms of the
Treaty of Versailles?
Germany:
•No draft
•Maximum of 100,000 men
•No heavy artillery, military planes, or
submarines
•Pay reparations - $33 billion

35. Chap 27: SECTION 5 Friday – Mar. 31st
Creating a “New” Europe
Little Question 5.b.:
How were territories
divided after the war?

36. Chap 27: SECTION 5 Friday – Mar. 31st

37. Chap 27: SECTION 5 Friday – Mar. 31st

38. Chap 27: SECTION 5 Friday – Mar. 31st
Creating a “New” Europe
Little Question 5.b.:
How were territories re-divided after the
war?
•Germany lost land to Poland
•Austria lost land to Czechoslovakia
•Czechoslovakia was created
•Yugoslavia was created from Serbia, Slovenia,
Croatia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina
•Hungary lost land to Romania, Poland Russia

39. CHAPTER 27
Chapter Wrap-Up
1. What role did propaganda play in World
War I?
2. How did World War I affect relations
between the world’s great powers?
3. How was industry affected by World War
I?