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Using Infographics in Instruction
Caitlin A. Bagley, MLS
Gonzaga University
Who am I?
•
•
•
•

An instruction librarian at Gonzaga University.
4 years of instruction experience.
MLS from Indiana University
I like to play with numbers.
The World is Ending
But for real … the world is ending
redibility comes from many factors beyond
whether something is true or not.
ow is it presented?
hy do they want you to know?
Establishing Credibility
• We know how to do this with
websites, books, and television.
• The primary focus of using infographics is not
to teach them how to create, but rather to
interpret data.
• Teach students not to fear numbers, and how
to read it.
Using Infographics to Show Credibility
• Facts can be skewed easily with infographics.
• Let’s show students how easily.
• Not to teach them to distrust infographics, but
rather so that they learn how to read them
critically.
Hold on … What are Infographics?
• Great Question!
• Varying definitions, but generally
speaking, they’re the merging of art and
information on charts to highlight specific bits
of information.
• Portmanteau of Information + Graphic
Some Examples

From The Onion:
http://www.theonion.com/articles/least-lucrativecollege-majors,34080/
Student Examples
Question #1
• Have you used infographics in class before?
– 1) Yes
– 2) No
Umm…. I haven’t had math in
decades!
• First off, RELAX.
• Creating infographics doesn’t require deep
knowledge of statistics and mathematics.
Skills Needed
• Can you read a spreadsheet?
• Understand that many numbers are
represented in units (thousands, millions, etc)
• Ability to ask questions about what the
numbers represent.
Yeah, right
Learning Outcomes
• I use the Gilchrist and Zald IL model of
learning outcomes.
• Students should be able to create
infographics, but how?
– With image modifier
– Face to Face works best
– I will know the student has done this well when
they’ve added to the discussion beyond basics.
“If we have data, let’s
look at data. If all we
have are opinions, let’s go
with mine.”
― Jim Barksdale

Photo: Niklas Morberg, Flickr
Data Sources
• US Census
– American FactFinder, Statistical Abstracts, Bureau
of Labor Statistics, etc.

• Statistical Ready Reference (Data Planet)
• Simmons OneView
• S&P NetAdvantage
“First is the simple power of good
visualization tools to help untangle
complexity and just encourage you to ask
questions you didn't think of before.” – Eric
Berlow
Tools You’ll Need
• Data
• Piktochart, Infogr.am, Easel.ly or similar
freemium resources
• Excel and Word work in a pinch.
What do you want to achieve?
• With my students, I wanted them to
1. Learn about statistics resources at the library
2. Be aware of the ramifications of bad data.

• In addition to all of this, I wanted to market
it to the university as a whole.
1. The “Like Off” was born on the Foley Library
Page
Question #2
• How much time do you have to teach your
typical class?
1.
2.
3.
4.

1 hour or less!
2-3 Hours
A whole semester
I teach both one shots and semester long classes.
Time & Pre-Work
• Time is your enemy
• A week before each class, I emailed professors
and asked them to have their students set up
Piktochart accounts.
• Create a “Cheat Sheet”

Photo: Steve Wall, Flickr
“Cheat Sheet”
• Common fixes & problems with the website
– Like, use Firefox browser, not Internet Explorer

• Style Tips
• Statistical Translations
– Double check the units, is it 5,000 units or 5,000
units of a million.
Class Flow
• Pre Work
• 15-20 Minutes introducing the subject and
showing how to navigate the resources
• 35-40 Minutes to allow students to discover
and learn on their own.
• During this time walk around classroom and
answer questions.
Using Piktochart
• Makes a great end product…
• … but can be frustrating for new users.
• Freemium resource
– Currently only gives out specific passcodes per
student, no university level access.
– Educator pricing available
Piktochart Cont’
•
•
•
•

Drop & Drag
Firefox works best
Usually around 6 free options for students
Multitude of publishing options
Using Infogr.am
•
•
•
•
•

Very simple interface
More free options than Piktochart
Ability to import data from CSV
Some of the tools not intuitive
Prompts you to remember copyright
Using Easel.ly
• Does not require account creation, but it’s
free and allows you to save your work
• Start “Fresh” or templates
• Click each element to change
Graphic Design
• Consult Graphic Design resources
• For non-artistic folks, these can help offer
guidelines on how to use color, shapes, and
white space to best effect.
Tell a Story
• Don’t give a flat graph with just a picture
• Why is this information important to tell?
• And what do you want to say about it?

Photo: CircaSassy, Flickr
ACRL Info Lit Standards
• Standard Two “The information literate
student accesses needed information
effectively and efficiently”
• Standard Five “The information literate
student understands many of the
economic, legal, and social issues surrounding
the use of information and accesses and uses
information ethically and legally”
Questions to Ask Yourself
– How was the data collected?
– What’s in there to learn?
– How reliable is the information?

• Use these questions as guidelines as you begin
building your infographic.
Where to Publish?
•
•
•
•

How to display infographics?
Social Media Sites work great
Class discussion board on Blackboard
Ask permission before posting!
Citations
• Most infographics on the web suffer from one
of two major problems.
– They either lack citations and sources entirely.
– Or if they do give their sources, they are illegible
and unclickable.
If you haven’t yet taught about
citations, now is the perfect time to do so!
Insist that students put citations in all of
their infographics.
Insist that this be legible
And most importantly, insist that these
sources be credible
- you may have to vet this yourself

Photo Courtesy: Beach650, Flickr
Assessment
• I used rubrics in my first classes
• Creativity is tricky to assess, my version of
creativity differs from yours.
• Consult Art rubrics
• What are your MUST HAVES?
Rubric
Components

Total Points = 10

5

0

Creativity

Infographic is colorful and
visually interesting. Displays
understanding of the concept.

Infographic displays
information, but does not have
visual appeal.

Infographic displayed no
creativity or was not
completed.

2 Points

0 Points

Assignment is one week late.

Assignment is more than one
week late or uncompleted.

1 point

0 Points

Data is mostly correctly
represented but contains some
errors.

Data is incorrectly represented
and/or not factual.

4 Points

Timeliness

Assignment is turned in before
the start of class on due date.
2 Points

Data Accuracy

Data represented is presented
correctly and without error.
2 Points

0 Points
1 Points

Citation

All data is correctly cited in
APA format.

Citation contains some errors.

No citations or citation
completely incorrect.

1 point
2 Points

0 Points
Is this just a buzzword?
• Maybe. It depends on how you use it.
• Infographics have been around for ages.
Abraham Lincoln ever used them.
• Old concept, new term
• Skills learned will carry on beyond the buzz
Common Objections
•
•
•
•

My chair/boss will never go for it
My students would never do this
I don’t have the time!
I don’t understand how to add this into my
curriculum
Responses to Objections
• Give it one shot. No need to implement it
forever.
• Students are generally open to anything
The Future of Infographics
• If you have access to a plotter, these are great
for presentations
• Interactivty
• Adoption by composition classes
Pros & Cons
•
•
•
•

Big Learning Curve
Great For Visual Learners
Time consuming
Great end product
References
•
•
•

•
•
•

Gray, J., Chambers, L., & Bounegru, L. (2012). The data journalism handbook. O'Reilly.
Stacey, M. (2013). In Salvatore J., Jorgensen A. and ebrary I. (Eds.), Visual intelligence microsoft tools and
techniques for visualizing data. Indianapolis, IN: Indianapolis, IN : Wiley.
Debra Gilchrist and Anne Zald. (2008). “Instruction & program design through assessment.” 164-192 IN
Christopher L. Cox and Elizabeth Blakesley Lindsay, editors. Information Literacy Instruction Handbook.
Chicago : Association of College and Research Libraries.
Wisniewski, J. (2007). Saying It Visually. Online, 31(6), 57-60.
Davis, M., David. (2013). Visualizing text: The new literacy of infographics. Reading Today, 31(3), 16.
Krauss, J. (2012). Infographics: More than words can say. Learning & Leading with Technology, 39(5), 1014.

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Bagley: Using Infographics in Library Instruction

  • 1. Using Infographics in Instruction Caitlin A. Bagley, MLS Gonzaga University
  • 2. Who am I? • • • • An instruction librarian at Gonzaga University. 4 years of instruction experience. MLS from Indiana University I like to play with numbers.
  • 3. The World is Ending
  • 4. But for real … the world is ending
  • 5. redibility comes from many factors beyond whether something is true or not. ow is it presented? hy do they want you to know?
  • 6. Establishing Credibility • We know how to do this with websites, books, and television. • The primary focus of using infographics is not to teach them how to create, but rather to interpret data. • Teach students not to fear numbers, and how to read it.
  • 7. Using Infographics to Show Credibility • Facts can be skewed easily with infographics. • Let’s show students how easily. • Not to teach them to distrust infographics, but rather so that they learn how to read them critically.
  • 8. Hold on … What are Infographics? • Great Question! • Varying definitions, but generally speaking, they’re the merging of art and information on charts to highlight specific bits of information. • Portmanteau of Information + Graphic
  • 9. Some Examples From The Onion: http://www.theonion.com/articles/least-lucrativecollege-majors,34080/
  • 11. Question #1 • Have you used infographics in class before? – 1) Yes – 2) No
  • 12. Umm…. I haven’t had math in decades! • First off, RELAX. • Creating infographics doesn’t require deep knowledge of statistics and mathematics.
  • 13. Skills Needed • Can you read a spreadsheet? • Understand that many numbers are represented in units (thousands, millions, etc) • Ability to ask questions about what the numbers represent.
  • 15. Learning Outcomes • I use the Gilchrist and Zald IL model of learning outcomes. • Students should be able to create infographics, but how? – With image modifier – Face to Face works best – I will know the student has done this well when they’ve added to the discussion beyond basics.
  • 16. “If we have data, let’s look at data. If all we have are opinions, let’s go with mine.” ― Jim Barksdale Photo: Niklas Morberg, Flickr
  • 17. Data Sources • US Census – American FactFinder, Statistical Abstracts, Bureau of Labor Statistics, etc. • Statistical Ready Reference (Data Planet) • Simmons OneView • S&P NetAdvantage
  • 18. “First is the simple power of good visualization tools to help untangle complexity and just encourage you to ask questions you didn't think of before.” – Eric Berlow
  • 19. Tools You’ll Need • Data • Piktochart, Infogr.am, Easel.ly or similar freemium resources • Excel and Word work in a pinch.
  • 20. What do you want to achieve? • With my students, I wanted them to 1. Learn about statistics resources at the library 2. Be aware of the ramifications of bad data. • In addition to all of this, I wanted to market it to the university as a whole. 1. The “Like Off” was born on the Foley Library Page
  • 21. Question #2 • How much time do you have to teach your typical class? 1. 2. 3. 4. 1 hour or less! 2-3 Hours A whole semester I teach both one shots and semester long classes.
  • 22. Time & Pre-Work • Time is your enemy • A week before each class, I emailed professors and asked them to have their students set up Piktochart accounts. • Create a “Cheat Sheet” Photo: Steve Wall, Flickr
  • 23. “Cheat Sheet” • Common fixes & problems with the website – Like, use Firefox browser, not Internet Explorer • Style Tips • Statistical Translations – Double check the units, is it 5,000 units or 5,000 units of a million.
  • 24. Class Flow • Pre Work • 15-20 Minutes introducing the subject and showing how to navigate the resources • 35-40 Minutes to allow students to discover and learn on their own. • During this time walk around classroom and answer questions.
  • 25. Using Piktochart • Makes a great end product… • … but can be frustrating for new users. • Freemium resource – Currently only gives out specific passcodes per student, no university level access. – Educator pricing available
  • 26. Piktochart Cont’ • • • • Drop & Drag Firefox works best Usually around 6 free options for students Multitude of publishing options
  • 27. Using Infogr.am • • • • • Very simple interface More free options than Piktochart Ability to import data from CSV Some of the tools not intuitive Prompts you to remember copyright
  • 28. Using Easel.ly • Does not require account creation, but it’s free and allows you to save your work • Start “Fresh” or templates • Click each element to change
  • 29. Graphic Design • Consult Graphic Design resources • For non-artistic folks, these can help offer guidelines on how to use color, shapes, and white space to best effect.
  • 30. Tell a Story • Don’t give a flat graph with just a picture • Why is this information important to tell? • And what do you want to say about it? Photo: CircaSassy, Flickr
  • 31. ACRL Info Lit Standards • Standard Two “The information literate student accesses needed information effectively and efficiently” • Standard Five “The information literate student understands many of the economic, legal, and social issues surrounding the use of information and accesses and uses information ethically and legally”
  • 32. Questions to Ask Yourself – How was the data collected? – What’s in there to learn? – How reliable is the information? • Use these questions as guidelines as you begin building your infographic.
  • 33. Where to Publish? • • • • How to display infographics? Social Media Sites work great Class discussion board on Blackboard Ask permission before posting!
  • 34. Citations • Most infographics on the web suffer from one of two major problems. – They either lack citations and sources entirely. – Or if they do give their sources, they are illegible and unclickable.
  • 35. If you haven’t yet taught about citations, now is the perfect time to do so! Insist that students put citations in all of their infographics. Insist that this be legible And most importantly, insist that these sources be credible - you may have to vet this yourself Photo Courtesy: Beach650, Flickr
  • 36. Assessment • I used rubrics in my first classes • Creativity is tricky to assess, my version of creativity differs from yours. • Consult Art rubrics • What are your MUST HAVES?
  • 37. Rubric Components Total Points = 10 5 0 Creativity Infographic is colorful and visually interesting. Displays understanding of the concept. Infographic displays information, but does not have visual appeal. Infographic displayed no creativity or was not completed. 2 Points 0 Points Assignment is one week late. Assignment is more than one week late or uncompleted. 1 point 0 Points Data is mostly correctly represented but contains some errors. Data is incorrectly represented and/or not factual. 4 Points Timeliness Assignment is turned in before the start of class on due date. 2 Points Data Accuracy Data represented is presented correctly and without error. 2 Points 0 Points 1 Points Citation All data is correctly cited in APA format. Citation contains some errors. No citations or citation completely incorrect. 1 point 2 Points 0 Points
  • 38. Is this just a buzzword? • Maybe. It depends on how you use it. • Infographics have been around for ages. Abraham Lincoln ever used them. • Old concept, new term • Skills learned will carry on beyond the buzz
  • 39. Common Objections • • • • My chair/boss will never go for it My students would never do this I don’t have the time! I don’t understand how to add this into my curriculum
  • 40. Responses to Objections • Give it one shot. No need to implement it forever. • Students are generally open to anything
  • 41. The Future of Infographics • If you have access to a plotter, these are great for presentations • Interactivty • Adoption by composition classes
  • 42. Pros & Cons • • • • Big Learning Curve Great For Visual Learners Time consuming Great end product
  • 43. References • • • • • • Gray, J., Chambers, L., & Bounegru, L. (2012). The data journalism handbook. O'Reilly. Stacey, M. (2013). In Salvatore J., Jorgensen A. and ebrary I. (Eds.), Visual intelligence microsoft tools and techniques for visualizing data. Indianapolis, IN: Indianapolis, IN : Wiley. Debra Gilchrist and Anne Zald. (2008). “Instruction & program design through assessment.” 164-192 IN Christopher L. Cox and Elizabeth Blakesley Lindsay, editors. Information Literacy Instruction Handbook. Chicago : Association of College and Research Libraries. Wisniewski, J. (2007). Saying It Visually. Online, 31(6), 57-60. Davis, M., David. (2013). Visualizing text: The new literacy of infographics. Reading Today, 31(3), 16. Krauss, J. (2012). Infographics: More than words can say. Learning & Leading with Technology, 39(5), 1014.

Editor's Notes

  1. Think of them as editing tools using word