In order to improve the routine of water quality monitoring and reduce the risk of accidental or deliberate contaminations, this paper presents the development of in-situ water quality monitoring and analysis system based on small satellite technology.

1. WATER QUALITY
MONITORING BASED ON
SMALL SATELLITE
TECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY
ALAKA K
GCAOEAE003

2. OVERVIEW
• Introduction
• Traditional Method
• New Technology
• 3 segments
 User segment
 Space segment
 Ground segment
• Applications
• Advantages
• Future scope
• Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
• To improve the water quality monitoring
• To reduce the risk of accidental or deliberate contaminations
• Development of in-situ water quality monitoring measurement system reducing
the mission cost.
• Analysis system based on small satellite technology
• Two important water quality parameters were measured: pH and temperature.
• Consists of 3 segments: Space, Ground and User segment
• Studied the case of Middle East and North Africa(MENA)

4. TRADITIONAL METHOD
• Based on water sampling by portable sensors
• Very expensive
• Slow and unreliable due to analysis time consuming in laboratory
• Alerts should be sent whenever necessary
• Several research and systems were developed

5. 3 SEGMENTS
NEW TECHNOLOGY

6. 1) USER SEGMENT
• Contains in-situ water quality sensors
• Temperature :- k type thermocouple
- range of temp = -270 to 1260⁰C
- output voltage in 0-100⁰C is converted to 0-5V range
-The MAX6675 performs digitizes the signal
• pH :- High accuracy pH electrode
- Sensor used is the pH probe E201
- operates in pH range of 0 to 14 and temperature range of 0⁰ to 60⁰C
- combined electrode and KCL electrolyte

7. • Microcontroller unit(MCU) collects information
• Sends them to SDR module for communication with nano-satellite
• A wireless sensor network based on USB-UHF Bridge was proposed on the basis of
SDR module capabilities
USB-UHF Bridge : - Wireless communication device
- Transmitter and receiver operations are changed by software
alone
- reduce cost
- improve reliability and allows to process real-time
• A microcontroller board is used at node
- has Atmega 328 microcontroller
- low cost device and easy to program

8. HARDWARE SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE (contd….)

9. SOFTWARE SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE (contd….)

10. • Initializes MAX6675 and pH circuits
• Microcontroller acquire the analog value from these sensors
• It converts signals received to pH and temperature values
• If data is not completed, MCU loop to acquire sensor parameters
• If data is completed, MCU sends information to PC through SDR module
• If transmission data is not completed, it loops to acquire sensors data
• Data is transmitted and received using two separate SDR modules
(contd….)

11. 2) SPACE SEGMENT
• MENA - most water scarce region in the world
• Require many satellites in Low Earth Orbit(LEO) to provide continuous coverage
• 9 nano-satellites needed to cover MENA region

12. 3) GROUND SEGMENT
• Consists of ground station connected with water administrator server
• Data reaches ground station from nano-satellites
• Then data is distributed through internet
• Anyone using internet can access these informations

13. Prototype of the system with microcontroller board,
sensors and SDR module

14. • Interface of this water quality system based software was developed
• An alarm will be trigger under the conditions
-When the pH value is less than 6.5 or greater than 7.5
-When the temperature value exceeds 40°

15. APPLICATIONS
• Used to monitor the quality of water in wells
• To check the purity of drinking water
• To evaluate the safe drinking water content in water scarce regions

16. ADVANTAGES
• Reduce the mission cost
• Improves reliability
• Real time monitoring system

17. FUTURE SCOPE
• Can be used to monitor other water scarce regions
• Future work will be on the basis of miniaturized water quality sensors

18. CONCLUSION
• A water quality monitoring system based on SDR and small satellite technology
• Monitored the surface water quality
• Developed a low cost system
• A comparison was set between the developed system and the direct data measured
through portable sensors which are found in a good agreement.

19. REFERENCE
• Water Quality Monitoring based on Small Satellite Technology by N. Gallah, O.
b. Bahri, N. Lazreg, A. Chaouch in (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced
Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 8, No. 3, 2017
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507-528, 2010.
• Clark, R. M., Geldreich, E. E., Fox, K. R., Rice, E. W., Johnson, C. H., Goodrich,
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Gideon, Missouri: Results from a field investigation”, International Journal of
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