Vivek Shubham presented a seminar on fiberglass composites at Ajay Binay Institute of Technology. The 3-part seminar discussed fiberglass composites, including what they are made of, how they are produced, their properties and applications. Fiberglass composites combine glass fibers with a resin matrix to produce a strong, lightweight material. They are used widely in transportation, construction, infrastructure and other industries due to their advantages over metal, including corrosion resistance and lower weight. The future of fiberglass composites may include more sustainable bio-resins and transparent materials for applications such as wearable devices.

1. NAME :- VIVEK SHUBHAM
BRANCH:- MECHANICAL
REG NO :- 1101206206
GUIDED BY :-B.K SATPATHY
:- K.K DAS BURMA
:- J. BEHERA
SEMINAR
ON
FIBERGLASS COMPOSITE
DEPARTMENT OF:-
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
AJAY BINAY INSTITUTE
OF
TECHNOLOGY CUTTACK
SEM:- 8TH ,SEMESTAROF:-

2.  CONTENTS
 WHAT IS COMPOSITE?.
 WHAT IS FIBERGLASS?
 HISTOTY.
HOW FIBERGLASS IS MADE?
 PROPERTIES.
 ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE.
 APPLICATION.
 FUTURE OF FIBERGLASS.
 CONCLUSION.

3. What is composite?
A materials system composed of two or more
physically distinct phases whose
combination produces aggregate properties
that are different from those of its
constituents .
Two or more phases with different properties
made up of several parts or elements.

4. Some basic composite
Wood is a good example of a natural composite,
combination of cellulose fiber and lignin. The cellulose
fiber provides strength and the lignin is the "glue" that
bonds and stabilizes the fiber.
Bamboo is a very efficient wood composite structure.
The components are cellulose and lignin, as in all other
wood, however bamboo is hollow. This results in a very
light yet stiff structure. Composite fishing poles and
golf club shafts copy this natural design.
The combination of mud and straw forms a composite
that is stronger than either the mud or the straw by
itself.

5. What is Fibreglass?
It is made of very thin glass
fibres embedded in a resin
A combination of two materials
giving enhanced properties
Fibreglass is a composite

6. Introduction
Fiberglass is a lightweight,
extremely strong, and
robust material.
Fiberglass combines its
light weight with an
inherent strength to
provide a weather resistant
finish with a variety of
surface textures.
Composite material using
resin as matrix and glass
fiber as reinforcement

7. History
The history of modern fiberglass
really only stretches back to the 1930s.
Mass production of glass strands was
accidentally discovered in 1932 by a
researcher.
 A suitable resin for combining the
fiberglass with a plastic was
developed in 1936.
During the Second World War, it was
developed as a replacement for the
molded plywood used in aircraft.

8. There are 4 methods by which
fiberglass can be made. They
are:
Fiberglass hand lay-up operation
Fiberglass spray lay-up operation
Pultrusion operation
Chopped strand mat

9. Fiberglass hand lay-up operation

10. Fiberglass spray lay-up operation

11. Pultrusion operation
Pultrusion is a manufacturing method used to
make strong light weight composite materials, in
this case fiberglass.
 Fibers (the glass material) are pulled from spools
through a device that coats them with a resin.
Pultrusion can be made in a variety of shapes or
cross-sections such as a W or S cross-section.


12. Chopped strand mat
It consists of glass-fibers laid
randomly across each other and
held together by a binder.
It is typically processed using the
hand lay-up technique, where
sheets of material are placed in a
mold and brushed with resin.
After the resin cures, the
hardened product can be taken
from the mold and finished.

13. Glass Fiber Processing
E-glass (Electrical resistance)
Contains Al2O3, CaO, MgO, and B2O3
S-glass (Strength)
Contains Al2O3, MgO, and B2O3 and
significantly more SiO2
C-glass (Chemical resistant)
Large content of B2O3
A-glass (Alkali resistant)
No content of B2O3

14. An introduction to Fibreglass
Strength
Weight
25% more
than Mild
Steel..
Same as Cast
Iron
20% less than
Mild Steel...
10% heavier
than
cotton..
40% lighter than
Aluminium…
Cost Same as Aluminium

15. Properties of fiberglass
Properties that have made glass fibers so popular in glass
fibre reinforced composites include:
 Low cost
 High production rates
 High strength,
 High stiffness
 Relatively low density
 Non-flammable
 Resistant to heat
 Good chemical resistance
 Relatively insensitive to moisture
 Able to maintain strength properties over a wide range of
conditions
 Good electrical insulation

16. ADVANTAGE
It is also a very good insulator with a melting
point of 1121˚C and a softening point of
846˚C. It also won’t burn.
Design Freedom
Affordability
Versatility
Appearance
Dielectric
Design flexibility
Corrosion Resistance
Low Relative Investment

17. ADVANTAGE
Reduced Insulation Thickness
Requirements
Electrical Insulation
Less Components for Assemblies
Non-Magnetic
Low weight and low meintainance.

18. DISADVANTAGE
It is little bit harmful for the human
body as it cause some form of cancer of
the lungs.

19. Health Problems
 Workers are more likely to get affected by
exposure to fiberglass. Some of the problems are:
 A rash can appear on skin.
 Eyes may become red and irritated.
 Temporary stomach irritation.
 Soreness in the nose and throat.
 Smaller fibers have the ability to reach the lower
part of the lungs increasing the chance of adverse
health effects.

20. Steps to reduce exposure
 Wear loose fitting, long-sleeved clothing
and gloves.
 Wear a mask over the nose and mouth to
prevent breathing in the fibers.
 Wear goggles or safety glasses with side
shields to protect the eyes.
 Open a window or a door to increase
ventilation and reduce dust levels.
 Use a shop vacuum after wetting the dust
and fibers.

21. Applications
 Transportation
 Electrical/Electronics
 Building Construction
 Infrastructure
 Aerospace/Defense
 Consumer/Recreation
 Medical Products
 Helmets and other protective gear used
in various sports

22. Applications
Telecommunications
Making storage tanks
Septic tanks
House building, door surrounds
 Automotive industry
Small watercrafts
Fire water, sewage, wastewater and
drinking water systems.
Gas system
High-end bicycles

23. Applications
Construction: Bridge decking steel bars are being
replaced with fiberglass, it has the strength of steel but
resists corrosion. Suspension bridges for spans so wide
that if made of steel, they would collapse under their
own weight.
 Fiberglass road guard rails which have proven to be
stronger than their steel counterparts.
 Hydro transmission towers, to street light poles, to
street manhole covers due to their strength, light
weight and durability.
Household Fixtures: Shower stalls, laundry tubs, hot
tubs, ladders and fiber optic cables.

24. Aerospace/Defense
 When it comes to
airliners, weight is
money. The heavier a
plane is, the more fuel it
takes to drive it through
the air. The more fuel it
takes, the more it costs
 in June 2013 Airbus is
flight testing the
A350XWB. The latest
Airbus now boast a 53%
usage of composite
material among its long
lists of new features
Aircraft:
With the high strength to weight,
fiberglass is ideal for plane fuselage,
propellers and nose cones of high
performance jets.

25. Applications
Boats: 95% of boats are
made by fiberglass, due
its ability to withstand
the elements under heat
and cold. Its resistance
to corrosion, both salt
water and atmospheric
pollution.
 Automotive: Bodies and
bumpers, from cars to heavy
commercial construction
equipment, truck beds, even
armored vehicles. All of these
are constantly exposed to the
extremes of climate and
subjected to abusive wear and
tear.

26. Present Age Application
Pool
Window
Tanks
Applications

27. Applications
 Architecture:The ability of
Fiberglass to be molded to
complex and infinite shapes, its
low maintenance (rust free)
characteristics, and the option
to pre-finish the product,
makes it an ideal material for
many Architectural uses.
 Decorators use their
imagination and knowledge
and by employing forms,
shapes, style, colours, texture
and materials to create
wonderful environments where
people live, work or entertain.
Fiberglass is the ideal material
to use, either indoors or
outdoors, fiberglass frees the
Decorators and Architects
imagination.

28. Applications

29. Fiber Glass Manufacturers &
Suppliers in india
IN INDIA A V India Plasto Polymers Private
Limited, Aarvi Marketing Private Limited,
Alco Aluminum Ladders Private Limited,
Ashok Industries Bangalore, Auro Carbon &
Chemicals, Icp (india) Pvt. Ltd. ,Noble
Corporation etc are major supplier of
fiberglass.
 In odisha MECHEM PRIVATE LIMITED,
LOTUS Prakar Organics, Vijay Trading
Corporation etc are major supplier of
fiberglass.

30. FUTURE
On January 30, 2014, the US Patent & Trademark Office
published a patent application from Apple titled
"Transparent Fiber Composite." Apple's invention
relates to transparent composite materials, and more
particularly to relatively transparent composites
formed with fibers encapsulated in a resin.
 Apple has been experimenting with composite
materials since 2007.
Apple is heavily investing in so as to find new materials
for future devices..
 APPLE EXPLORING NEW TRANSPARENT FIBER
composite material for future devices including
wearable computers.
Apple’s invention may relate to wearable computers like
an iWatch and beyond…

31. Future of fiberglass
Bio-resin will replace petro-resin in
fibreglass boat construction. It will
take some time, one thing is
certain: there is a hunger in the
marketplace for a “greener”
alternative to the use of oil in the
marine environment.

32. Conclusion
Fiberglass is a superior material with very
high strength per dollar cost.
 Composite materials could be lighter and
bendmore easily than traditional plastic or
metal which is ideal for clothing,
smartwatches or other many more areas...
Move into the Future with Fiberglass!

34. Any
question???