[Slideshare] fardh'ain(august-2014-batch)#14-(arkaan-ul-islam)-saum-fasting-daily-in-ramadhan-(26-december-2014)

““A BEGINNERS’ COURSE ONA BEGINNERS’ COURSE ON
ISLAM”ISLAM”
Lessons onLessons on Fardhu ‘Ain in English for AdultsFardhu ‘Ain in English for Adults
conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail
Using textbook & curriculum he has developed especially forUsing textbook & curriculum he has developed especially for
Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.
““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”
IT CAN ALSO BE AIT CAN ALSO BE A
REFRESHER COURSE FORREFRESHER COURSE FOR
MUSLIM PARENTS,MUSLIM PARENTS,
EDUCATORS, INEDUCATORS, IN
CONTEMPORARYCONTEMPORARY
SINGAPORE.SINGAPORE.
OPEN TO ALLOPEN TO ALL
1
UPDATED - 26 DECEMBER 2014UPDATED - 26 DECEMBER 2014
Every Friday night @Every Friday night @
8pm – 10pm8pm – 10pm
Wisma Indah, 450Wisma Indah, 450
Changi Road,Changi Road,
#02-00 next to Masjid#02-00 next to Masjid
KassimKassim
All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014)
““ARKAAN AL-ISLAM”ARKAAN AL-ISLAM”
Pillars of Islam (Submission)Pillars of Islam (Submission)
IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,
MOSTMOST
COMPASSIONATE,COMPASSIONATE,
MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL
For further information andFor further information and
registration contact Eregistration contact E -mail :-mail :
ad.fardhayn.sg@gmail.comad.fardhayn.sg@gmail.com
or +65 81234669 / +65 96838279or +65 81234669 / +65 96838279
HADITH OF JIBRA-’IL
LESSON #
14
LESSON #
14
DAILY FASTING INDAILY FASTING IN
MONTH OF RAMADHANMONTH OF RAMADHAN

(The basic message of Islam)(The basic message of Islam)
FARDHU’AINFARDHU’AIN: CONDUCTED BY: CONDUCTED BY
USTAZ ZHULKEFLEE HJ ISMAILUSTAZ ZHULKEFLEE HJ ISMAIL
LESSONS FROM TEXTBOOKLESSONS FROM TEXTBOOK
““Beginners’ Manual on IslamBeginners’ Manual on Islam””
2
MOSTMOST
FROM PREVIOUS LESSONSFROM PREVIOUS LESSONS

““Allah”Allah” :: Arabic proper noun; name for God, it refersArabic proper noun; name for God, it refers
to the One and Only, the Unique Creator, Lordto the One and Only, the Unique Creator, Lord
Sustainer of the Universe, Who Alone is God – thereSustainer of the Universe, Who Alone is God – there
is none besides Allah.is none besides Allah.
No equivalent translation in non-Semitic language.No equivalent translation in non-Semitic language.

““Muhammad s.a.a.w.”Muhammad s.a.a.w.” :: Arabic name meaningArabic name meaning
““the Praised Onethe Praised One”; he is the Chosen, Unlettered”; he is the Chosen, Unlettered
Prophet, the servant and Messenger of Allah,Prophet, the servant and Messenger of Allah,
the Awaited Seal of Prophethood after whomthe Awaited Seal of Prophethood after whom
there will be no more prophet sent.there will be no more prophet sent.

IIMANIIMAN
BeliefBelief
FaithFaith
ConvictionConviction
IHSANIHSAN
Best orBest or
RighteousRighteous
ConductConduct
‘‘AMALAMAL
[Islam][Islam]
SubmissionSubmission
ObedienceObedience
PracticePractice
Faith without obedience is meaningless; and obedience without Faith isFaith without obedience is meaningless; and obedience without Faith is
mere rituals and may even lead to hypocrisy.mere rituals and may even lead to hypocrisy.
Together, Faith and Obedience must lead to Righteousness with IHSANTogether, Faith and Obedience must lead to Righteousness with IHSAN
which essentially focus in our intention to sincerely serve Allah s.w.t.which essentially focus in our intention to sincerely serve Allah s.w.t.
Thus, in these three aspects can one be said to be true in his submissionThus, in these three aspects can one be said to be true in his submission
to the Will of Allah (as Muslim).to the Will of Allah (as Muslim).

THE SECOND ASPECT REQUIRED IN THE ATTESTATION TOTHE SECOND ASPECT REQUIRED IN THE ATTESTATION TO
THE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (TAUTHE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (TAUHHEED)EED)
MOSTMOST

Islam is built upon Five (pillars):Islam is built upon Five (pillars):
[1] To bear witness that there is no god except[1] To bear witness that there is no god except
Allah, and that Muhammad is theAllah, and that Muhammad is the
Messenger of Allah;Messenger of Allah;
[2] And to establish the (Daily obligatory)[2] And to establish the (Daily obligatory)
Swolah;Swolah;
[3] And pay out the Zakah (tax on wealth);[3] And pay out the Zakah (tax on wealth);
[4] And to make pilgrimage (Hajj) to the[4] And to make pilgrimage (Hajj) to the
House) for those who has the means toHouse) for those who has the means to
(do) it;(do) it;
[5] And to Fast (daily) in Ramadhan.[5] And to Fast (daily) in Ramadhan.

THE fifth PILLAR OF ISLAM IN PRACTICALIZING OBEDIENCE TOTHE fifth PILLAR OF ISLAM IN PRACTICALIZING OBEDIENCE TO
THE MESSAGE OF THE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (THE MESSAGE OF THE ABSOLUTE ONENESS OF ALLAH (TAUTAUHHEEDEED))
MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,

#02-00 next to#02-00 next to
Masjid KassimMasjid Kassim
ISLAM”ISLAM”
Lessons on Fardhu ‘Ain in English for AdultsLessons on Fardhu ‘Ain in English for Adults
Topic for Lesson
Topic for Lesson
on 26 December 2014
on 26 December 2014

 In respecting the dominance of the followers, adherents of theIn respecting the dominance of the followers, adherents of the
school ofschool of FiqhFiqh ofof al-Mujtahid-mutlaq al-Imam Muhammad ibn Idrisal-Mujtahid-mutlaq al-Imam Muhammad ibn Idris
ash-Shafi-’ie rhm.aash-Shafi-’ie rhm.a.. here in this region, the practices in thishere in this region, the practices in this
manual / lesson onmanual / lesson on FIQHFIQH matters, shall subscribe and be inmatters, shall subscribe and be in
conformity with this school of Islamic jurisprudence (conformity with this school of Islamic jurisprudence (madzhabmadzhab).).
 Yet, we hold to a healthy respect and tolerance (Yet, we hold to a healthy respect and tolerance (tasamuhtasamuh) towards) towards
otherother madzaahibmadzaahib andand ikhtilaafikhtilaaf (differences of opinion) amongst(differences of opinion) amongst
Islamic scholars.Islamic scholars.
 The dominant schools of Islamic jurisprudence generally acceptedThe dominant schools of Islamic jurisprudence generally accepted
are the,are the, Ja’afari, Maliki, Hanafi, Shafi’eJa’afari, Maliki, Hanafi, Shafi’e andand Hanbali.Hanbali.

””O ye who believe! fasting is prescribed to you as it wasO ye who believe! fasting is prescribed to you as it was
prescribed to those before you that ye may (learn ) self-restraintprescribed to those before you that ye may (learn ) self-restraint
( having( having TAQWATAQWA – i.e. state of consciousness of Allah).―”– i.e. state of consciousness of Allah).―”
((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2:183Qur’an: Baqarah: 2:183))

““(Fasting) for a fixed number of days; but if any of you is ill or(Fasting) for a fixed number of days; but if any of you is ill or
on a journey, the prescribed number (should be made up) fromon a journey, the prescribed number (should be made up) from
days later. For those who can do it (with hardship) is adays later. For those who can do it (with hardship) is a
ransom, the feeding of one that is indigent. But he that willransom, the feeding of one that is indigent. But he that will
give more of his own free-will―it is better for him, and it isgive more of his own free-will―it is better for him, and it is
better for you that ye fast, if ye only knew.”better for you that ye fast, if ye only knew.”

””Ramadan is the (month) in which was sent down the Qur'anRamadan is the (month) in which was sent down the Qur'an
as a guide to mankind also clear (Signs) for guidance andas a guide to mankind also clear (Signs) for guidance and
judgment (between right and wrong). So everyone of you whojudgment (between right and wrong). So everyone of you who
is present (at his home) during that month should spent it inis present (at his home) during that month should spent it in
fasting, but if anyone is ill, or on a journey, the prescribedfasting, but if anyone is ill, or on a journey, the prescribed
period (should be made up) by days later”period (should be made up) by days later”

 Fasting in Islam is amongst the forms of devotion that provides
Muslim with necessary training in the exercise of self-denial, so that
he may become truly “Muslim” - one who is able to submit himself to
the will of Allah.

 Month of Ramadhan was chosen by Allah for Muslims to
observe the daily fasting – the whole month.
 Exceptions are those who are sick, on a journey, the insane,
infants etc.
 For every fast missed, it is to be re-paid by fasting in other
months – or if unable, then to feed the poor or indigent as ransom
(FID-YAH).

 The rule of fasting begins with intention (The rule of fasting begins with intention (NiyyatNiyyat), to be), to be
formulated on the night before the fast, in a language whichformulated on the night before the fast, in a language which
one understands.one understands.

 Basically, one must be conscious or aware of the fast to beBasically, one must be conscious or aware of the fast to be
observed and the reason for doing it (i.e. Must be for the sake ofobserved and the reason for doing it (i.e. Must be for the sake of
Allah s.w.t. as He commands).Allah s.w.t. as He commands).
 Thus, the intention formulated in the heart or mind is as:Thus, the intention formulated in the heart or mind is as:
““I resolve to fast tomorrow to observe the (fardh) obligatoryI resolve to fast tomorrow to observe the (fardh) obligatory
Fasting of Ramadhan this year,Fasting of Ramadhan this year,
because of (or for the sake of) Allah s.w.t.”because of (or for the sake of) Allah s.w.t.”

 It is recommended (It is recommended (sunatsunat oror mandubmandub) for Muslims to have a meal) for Muslims to have a meal
before dawn called “before dawn called “SAHURSAHUR”.”.
 The Fast begins from Dawn (The Fast begins from Dawn (Fajr/SubuhFajr/Subuh) until sunset () until sunset (MaghribMaghrib).).
 During this period, the Muslim must abstain from eating, drinking,During this period, the Muslim must abstain from eating, drinking,
smoking, sex, or any other acts which can nullify the Fast.smoking, sex, or any other acts which can nullify the Fast.

Has the significant meaning of :
“ abstaining ; abstinent ; he refrains from ;
abstention ; fasting ; “
SA-WA-MASA-WA-MA

 Wilfully introducing any object or substance into any openingsWilfully introducing any object or substance into any openings
of the body. Deliberate eating, drinking or smoking, usingof the body. Deliberate eating, drinking or smoking, using
suppository, etc.suppository, etc.
 Vomiting, if it is induced. Involuntary vomiting, however, doesVomiting, if it is induced. Involuntary vomiting, however, does
not nullify the fast.not nullify the fast.
 Emitting semen intentionally.Emitting semen intentionally.

 Engaging in sexual intercourse (while fasting in the day). This notEngaging in sexual intercourse (while fasting in the day). This not
only renders the fast void, but those committing this breach has toonly renders the fast void, but those committing this breach has to
expiate it with a penalty called “expiate it with a penalty called “KaffarahKaffarah”- either :”- either :
[1] free a slave; or[1] free a slave; or
[2] fasting 2 months consecutively; or[2] fasting 2 months consecutively; or
[3] feed 60 indigent (poor & needy) people.[3] feed 60 indigent (poor & needy) people.

 Becoming indisposed as a result of menstruation or ‘lochia’Becoming indisposed as a result of menstruation or ‘lochia’
post-natal bleeding (childbirth).post-natal bleeding (childbirth).
 Becoming insane.Becoming insane.
 Losing consciousness throughout the day.Losing consciousness throughout the day.
 Become sick i.e. illness where one is advised by physician, toBecome sick i.e. illness where one is advised by physician, to
avoid possible harm if fasting is to continueavoid possible harm if fasting is to continue..

 Commit apostasy (Commit apostasy (MURTADMURTAD) and then re-enter Islam.) and then re-enter Islam.
NOTE:NOTE:
For every fast missed, it is to be re-paid by fasting in otherFor every fast missed, it is to be re-paid by fasting in other
months – or if unable, e.g. Due to old age, pregnancy or lactatingmonths – or if unable, e.g. Due to old age, pregnancy or lactating
etc. then to feed the poor or indigent as ransom or alternativeetc. then to feed the poor or indigent as ransom or alternative
((FID-YAHFID-YAH).).

NOTE:NOTE:
Although by observing this basic rules, generally one is said to haveAlthough by observing this basic rules, generally one is said to have
fasted (fasted (UMUMUMUM), yet Muslims must aspire to a higher quality of Fasting –), yet Muslims must aspire to a higher quality of Fasting –
either:either:
[1] The quality of Fasting of the Prophets and those Nearest to Allah[1] The quality of Fasting of the Prophets and those Nearest to Allah
((AL-MUQORROBEENAL-MUQORROBEEN) – “most specific” Fast () – “most specific” Fast (KHUSUS-AL-KHUSUSKHUSUS-AL-KHUSUS))
or, if not then:or, if not then:

NOTE:NOTE:
Although by observing this basic rules, generally one is said toAlthough by observing this basic rules, generally one is said to
have fasted (have fasted (umumumum), yet Muslims must aspire to a higher quality of), yet Muslims must aspire to a higher quality of
Fasting – either:Fasting – either:
[2] The “specific” Fast ([2] The “specific” Fast (KHUSUSKHUSUS) – i.e. to ensure while fasting,) – i.e. to ensure while fasting,
every organs and limbs participate in abstaining from everythingevery organs and limbs participate in abstaining from everything
which Allah and His Messenger has forbidden (which Allah and His Messenger has forbidden (HARAMHARAM).).

”” Allah intends every facility for you He does not want to put youAllah intends every facility for you He does not want to put you
to difficulties. (He wants you) to complete the prescribed period,to difficulties. (He wants you) to complete the prescribed period,
and to glorify Him in that He has guided you; and perchance yeand to glorify Him in that He has guided you; and perchance ye
shall be grateful.”shall be grateful.”

.... that ye may (learn) self-restraint ( having.... that ye may (learn) self-restraint ( having TAQWATAQWA
– i.e. state of consciousness of God).―”– i.e. state of consciousness of God).―”

MUTTAQEENMUTTAQEEN
God-consciousness or Piety
MUKHLISWEEN
Sincerity
MUMUHHSEENSEEN
Best or righteous conduct
MU’MEENMU’MEEN
Believer
MUSLIMMUSLIM
One who submits
LEVELS OF ATTAINMENTLEVELS OF ATTAINMENT
TOWARDS HIGHER STATE OFTOWARDS HIGHER STATE OF
TAQWATAQWA

THE MOST IMPORTANT : –THE MOST IMPORTANT : –
 MEANING OF HOW TO BE A “MEANING OF HOW TO BE A “MUT-TAQEENMUT-TAQEEN ““
Begin with submission (Begin with submission (ISLAMISLAM););
exuding meaning of being faithful (exuding meaning of being faithful (IIMANIIMAN););
inculcating righteous conduct (inculcating righteous conduct (IIHHSANSAN););
Inculcating sincerityInculcating sincerity ((IIKHKHLASwLASw););

Learn the essentials of striving (Learn the essentials of striving (JIHAADJIHAAD););
patient perseverance (patient perseverance (SwSwOBROBR););
enhancing feeling of gratefulness (enhancing feeling of gratefulness (SHAKURSHAKUR););
Compassion for the poor & needy (Compassion for the poor & needy (RURUHHAMAAMA););

Steadfastness and consistency (Steadfastness and consistency (ISTIQOMAHISTIQOMAH););
Heightened remembrance of Allah (Heightened remembrance of Allah (DzIK-RULLAHDzIK-RULLAH););
Purge and purify body and Soul (Purge and purify body and Soul (MUTATOH-HIREENMUTATOH-HIREEN););
Learn the meaning of “to return & repentance”Learn the meaning of “to return & repentance”
((INAABAHINAABAH););

Increase interaction with and adherence to Al-Qur’anIncrease interaction with and adherence to Al-Qur’an
((TILAAWAH wa TADABBURTILAAWAH wa TADABBUR););
Increase in night devotions (Increase in night devotions (QIYAAMQIYAAM););
Reasserting and strengthening Islamic unity andReasserting and strengthening Islamic unity and
brotherhoodbrotherhood ((ITTIHAAD wa UITTIHAAD wa UKHKHUWWAHUWWAH););

If you are wearing an
overflowing robe, how
would you walk through
upon a road full of
bushes of thorns ?
# ۱
PARABLE
OF WALKING IN
THORNY
PATHWAY

It would not be a problem to walk upon this road this wide isn’t it?
2 metres
# ۲
Supposed you
are shown this
lighted path ….
PARABLE
OF
‘ACROPHOBIA’

But now knowing the reality of where
you really are, how would you be walking upon it?
2 metres
# ۲
PARABLE
OF
‘ACROPHOBIA’

TAUFIQTAUFIQ
HIDAAYAHIDAAYA
(astray)(astray)
(success)
(guidance)
PARABLE OF
THE ROAD

(missed completely)
(on target)
HIDAAYAHIDAAYA
(missed completely)
PARABLE
IN
ARCHERY

TAUFIQTAUFIQ
(missed completely)
(‘Bulls-eye’)
(on target)
HIDAAYAHIDAAYA
(missed completely)
PARABLE
IN
ARCHERY

““Every good deed of the son of Adam will be multipliedEvery good deed of the son of Adam will be multiplied
manifold. A good deed will be multiplied ten times up tomanifold. A good deed will be multiplied ten times up to
as many as seven hundred times, or as much as Allahas many as seven hundred times, or as much as Allah
wills. Allah says: ‘Except for fasting, which is for Me and Iwills. Allah says: ‘Except for fasting, which is for Me and I
shall reward for it. He gives up his desire and his food forshall reward for it. He gives up his desire and his food for
My sake.’ The fasting person has two joys, one when heMy sake.’ The fasting person has two joys, one when he
breaks his fast and another when he meets his Lord. Thebreaks his fast and another when he meets his Lord. The
smell that comes from the mouth of a fasting person issmell that comes from the mouth of a fasting person is
better before Allah than the fragrance of musk.”better before Allah than the fragrance of musk.”
((Hadith reported by Ibn MajahHadith reported by Ibn Majah))

““Fasting is a shieldFasting is a shield and so (he who fast) should not utter vulgarities,and so (he who fast) should not utter vulgarities,
nor obscenities and if a man swears (pick a quarrel) with him, he shouldnor obscenities and if a man swears (pick a quarrel) with him, he should
Just say (in response) : “I am Fasting”, (he repeated) twice.”Just say (in response) : “I am Fasting”, (he repeated) twice.”
((Hadith reported by Bukhary)Hadith reported by Bukhary)

““Fasting is a shieldFasting is a shield as long as the person (fasting) does not violate it.”as long as the person (fasting) does not violate it.”
(Abu Muhammad clarifies that what the Prophet s.a.a.w. meant by(Abu Muhammad clarifies that what the Prophet s.a.a.w. meant by
Violate here is “Violate here is “GhibahGhibah” – backbiting others)”” – backbiting others)”
((Hadith reported by DarimiyHadith reported by Darimiy))

““There are people who fast and get nothing from theirThere are people who fast and get nothing from their
fast except hunger, and there are those who pray andfast except hunger, and there are those who pray and
get nothing from their prayer but a sleepless night.”get nothing from their prayer but a sleepless night.”
((Hadith reported by Ibn MajahHadith reported by Ibn Majah))

““ and to complete the prescribed period, and toand to complete the prescribed period, and to
glorify Him in that He has guided you; and perchanceglorify Him in that He has guided you; and perchance
ye shall be grateful.” (ye shall be grateful.” (Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 185Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 185))

 Pay the “Pay the “ZAKAAT-UL-FITRAZAKAAT-UL-FITRA” for yourself and for those whom” for yourself and for those whom
you are responsible for. This is ‘you are responsible for. This is ‘WAJIBWAJIB’ (compulsory), to ensure the’ (compulsory), to ensure the
poor and needy has the means to celebrate, in as much as apoor and needy has the means to celebrate, in as much as a
condition for Allah’s acceptance of our deedscondition for Allah’s acceptance of our deeds ((‘AMAL‘AMAL) throughout) throughout
Ramadhan.Ramadhan.
 Glorification of Allah “Glorification of Allah “TAKBIRTAKBIR” - inculcation of the true meaning of” - inculcation of the true meaning of
celebration which is none other than expression of gratefulnesscelebration which is none other than expression of gratefulness
((SHAKURSHAKUR) to Allah s.w.t.) to Allah s.w.t.

 Bathing in the morning ofBathing in the morning of ‘EID‘EID and partaking of food after Dawn isand partaking of food after Dawn is
recommended. So also to wear beautiful or new clothes beforerecommended. So also to wear beautiful or new clothes before
setting out for a specialsetting out for a special SwOLAT- UL-EID-UL-FITRSwOLAT- UL-EID-UL-FITR prayer in open fieldprayer in open field
or mosques or community halls.or mosques or community halls.
 This prayer (This prayer (SwOLAT- UL-EID-UL-FITRISwOLAT- UL-EID-UL-FITRI): 2): 2 raka’at, sunnatraka’at, sunnat
(recommended), in congregation (following an Imam); followed by a(recommended), in congregation (following an Imam); followed by a
sermon by thesermon by the IMAMIMAM//KHATIBKHATIB..

““Whoever enliven (make alive with devotion andWhoever enliven (make alive with devotion and
worship) on the night ofworship) on the night of Eid-ul-FitriEid-ul-Fitri andand Eid-ul-AdhaEid-ul-Adha,,
his heart will not die on the day when hearts die.”his heart will not die on the day when hearts die.”
((Hadith reported by Tirmidhi andDaraqutniHadith reported by Tirmidhi andDaraqutni))
AN-NASEEHAHAN-NASEEHAH
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013))
MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL..

““(Allah wants you) … ((Allah wants you) … (TUKAB-BIRULLAHTUKAB-BIRULLAH) to) to
glorify Him in that He has guided you (glorify Him in that He has guided you (MAAMAA
HADAA-KUMHADAA-KUM) and perchance ye shall be grateful) and perchance ye shall be grateful
((TASH-KURUNTASH-KURUN).).““
((Qur’an: al- Baqarah: 2:185Qur’an: al- Baqarah: 2:185))
AN-NASEEHAHAN-NASEEHAH
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013))
MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL..

Seeking renewal due to a strengthened Faith, by also reconcilingSeeking renewal due to a strengthened Faith, by also reconciling
and strengthening bonds of relationship with all. To uphold theand strengthening bonds of relationship with all. To uphold the
lesson on self-restraint and God-consciousness (lesson on self-restraint and God-consciousness (TAQWATAQWA).).

ISLAM”ISLAM”
Lessons on Fardhu ‘Ain in English for AdultsLessons on Fardhu ‘Ain in English for Adults
#02-00 next to Masjid#02-00 next to Masjid
KassimKassim
LESSON #
15
LESSON #
15
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