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Outside The Wall: Homeland Security Digital Initiatives

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    NBACC is a partnetship between BNBI and DHS.BNBI, LLC, is a wholly owned subsidiary of BattelleAn expert and sustainable workforce with career focus on biodefense for homeland security, approximately 120 employees.Attention to project-level quality, including vigilant adherence Operational on March 5, 2007

    A Board of Directors (BOD) provides strategic guidance to the federal confederation with input from an Executive Steering Committee (ESC). The current BOD comprises:Director, National Cancer Institute (NCI) Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) The Surgeon General of the Army (TSG) Administrator, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Director, Office of Research and Development, Science and Technology Directorate, US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Director, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) The Constitution acknowledges that signatories may be expanded in the future to include other agencies or institutes engaged in medical research and/or advanced biotechnology at Fort Detrick.

    The dream was to provided unfettered access to all potentially helpful resources and journals that would be used in the field of Biodefense. DatabasesPubMedScience Ciation IndexSCOPUSCBRNIA I – Chem, Bio, Rad, NucBIOSISEMBASEEcoSalCABIJournals Biosecurity & Biodefense FEBS Ltrs; Foodbborne Pathogens & DiseaseScience – Journal of Infectious DiseasesNature Nature GeneticsNature Biotechnology

    The reality is that there is a limited budget and it must be spent responsibly.

    In was clear that the library needed to partner with other existing libraries in order to develop a collection.Started exploring options: Ft. DetrickUSAMRIID Library – Memorandum of agreement to support NBACC with Library resources. NCI = Contract agreement with NIH to provide library service for NCI and not really interested in Other libraries were interested however technical and security concerns limited feasibility. Homeland Security – DHS Headquarters, under the Management Directive, Office of Administrative Affairs Science & Technology Directorate Plum Island – They have had access to the USDA DigiTop because of their previous association with USDA. Homeland Security Institute – Newly established Institute in Arlington, VA Environmental Measures Laboratory – a descendant of the Manhattan Project Transportation Security Laboratory - Atlantic City Intl Airport.Contacted the Librarian at DHS Headquarters Office to see how we could work together. The Headquarters Librarian was willing to partner and expressed a need to further develop their Science & Technology Directorate Collection.

    NBACC is still working out of it’s temporary office space. We plan to move within the next year, but we do not have access to systems on Ft. Detrick at this point.NBACC has a very secure network system. --- Think restrictive.NBACC does not have access to DHS Online, because we cannot connect to their remote site. DHS Online is their intranet system providing access to Library Services as well as other internal services.DHS Online did not offer many of the S&T resources NBACC needs. Many of there online subscriptions focus on areas such as Customs and Border protection, Immigration & Customs, etc. --- With the exception of the Plum Island facility.DHS did not have an established budget to increase S&T resources. Historically DHS’s existing libraries are small libraries that come from very different Federal Agencies. Each of these collections has their own budget and acted autonomously to purchase for their individual collections. For instance the Plum Island facility came for the USDA and that library is still supported by the National Agricultural Library and they have access to DigiTop.NBACC’s current location is not on the Ft. Detrick campus, thus making to difficult to access network systems on that campus. NBACC will be moving to its new home within the next year, but we are not there yet and we need to continue to develop our infrastructure while we are making steps toward moving into the new building.Ultimately we will be on campus and we will be on DHS’s Network so it makes the most sense to partner with them to develop a more robust S&T collection.

    DHS had conducted two needs assessments:“Library & Information Services: Workforce Needs Assessment Survey” July 10- August 14, 2006 conducted by Outsell“DHS Library & Information Services: Toward a Coordinated Approach to Library Services for a New US Government Department” July 2008 conducted by the Library of Congress.This librarian had conducted a needs assessment for NBACC and identified the top 50 journals used in the field.In general there were about five vendors that provided access to all of these subscriptions.

    Other databases include:BIOSIS, EMBASE, XCOPUS, Science Citation Index, CABI

    For the most part the 50 most frequently used journals in this area of Microbiology and Biodefense research can be obtained from approximately five different journal subscription sources.Here are just a few journal titles listed.

    Put our heads together and developed an estimated budget on what it would cost to acquire all of subscriptions and databases we wanted to acquire; Provided DHS with budget information from comparable library systems; Looked at the potential collections and determined which collections would meet the needs of all of the DHS S&T components.Once we received budget approval we developed a purchase plan.Proceeded to process purchases through the FedLink system or worked on procuring contracts directly.Worked on implementing the technical aspects of access such as IP addresses, passwords, and having the subscriptions run through NLM PubMed.

    Keep it Simple, Stupid. IMPORTANT TO ACQUIRE JOURNAL CONTENT.Start with a few databases and focus on Journal access. Provide TOC access to key journals and other value added services such as Alerts. Direct access to literature via PubMed, use other resources such at DTIC, OpenSource and other services USAMRIID (US Army Research Institute of Infectious Diseases) can provide.

    This is the initial portal offered to NBACC staff members. Only a few people have used it, but it allows them direct access to PubMed with our Full-text links. Feedback seems to be very positive thus far.

    STEPS IN DEVELOPING A NEW COLLECTIONConduct a complete needs assessment so you have a good understanding of your user good and can anticipate what they will actually useDon’t be afraid to learn new skillsForm relationship and develop opportunities as they unfoldBe realisticCommunicate effectively with everyone concernedBe patient - Know that there are likely to be more pitfalls then you anticipate. Advice I received from one of my Dean’s -- Never give up

    Most of you will recall all too clearly that day in September when the world was stunned by the sight of commercial passenger planes running into the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and a field in Pennsylvania. At that time, what we now call homeland security was being performed by a variety of agencies scattered throughout federal and state governments. In an attempt to provide consolidated and efficient response to national emergencies, as well as to prevent terrorism from impacting the U.S., the Department of Homeland Security was created.

    22 agencies were incorporated into the new Department. DHS contains the agencies of Citizenship and Immigration, Customs and Border Protection, and Immigration and Customs Enforcement, each of which were formed from the INS, Customs, and Border Patrol, parts of the Department of Justice and the Department of the Treasury. Also part of DHS are FEMA, the U.S. Coast Guard (including the Coast Guard Academy), the Secret Service, and the Transportation Security Administration. Within headquarters are included National Protection and Programs Directorate, Science & Technology Directorate, Intelligence & Analysis Directorate, National Cyber-security Division, as well as offices of General Counsel, Human Resources, Legislative Affairs, and Policy. With such a wide-ranging personnel force, the information needs are also wide-ranging. Basically, DHS is focused on keeping out anything that could hard the U.S. people, whether a person, an airborne pathogen, an animal-borne pathogen, or a computer virus. Or, put another way, a person, critter, or thing. The information resources used to respond to such needs come from a variety of sources.

    As information professionals, you may be interested to know that no thought toward a central library was given when DHS was created in 2003. The libraries that exist within DHS were included along with their parent organizations, but not all of those original parents gave up their libraries. For example, S&T research was partly met by the Plum Island Research facility library from USDA, customs research was partly met by the CBP library, and immigration research was partly met by the CIS History center. But agencies without a library included TSA, Secret Service, FEMA, and the rest of headquarters. And agency libraries were understaffed and reluctant to extend their help to components outside their silo. In 2003, a concerned group of federal librarians gathered together a proposal to create a headquarters library. Without a whole lot of history demonstrating research requirements, and without a physical space to create a physical library, it was clear that the DHS library had to be virtual

    In 2006, a survey was done which determined that the DHS workforce was highly information intensive. On average, half of their work time is taken up looking for the information needed to do their jobs. The vast majority seek the information themselves rather than asking a professional or administrative assistant to do it for them.

    The concerned federal librarians developed a pilot to provide virtual reference service to DHS personnel, using the OCLC QuestionPoint service. After a year of the pilot, it was determined that there was a need for a central library. The needs of researchers could not be met completely by the component libraries or by a consortium of external federal libraries.  The central virtual library was formed around an internal website and is not accessible outside the Department. One of the first initiatives was to create a central catalog containing the physical holdings of the component libraries. Not all libraries within DHS had, or yet have, an electronic catalog, but with the records of the Coast Guard Academy, the CBP Library, the USCIS History Center, FLETC, and NETC, the group catalog captured approximately 70% of the physical material in DHS libraries.

    As the virtual library came together, the information needs of the workforce became apparent. Researchers needed commercial databases for standards and specifications, research on first responder safety issues, infectious diseases, case law, customs and border law, intelligence, definitions, and lots and lots of internal documents. In fact, one of the frustrations of the federal librarians working group to develop the DHS virtual library was discovering how much internal documentation was needed, more than the research that was expected. It takes a lot of internal documents to create a new agency.

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    Outside The Wall: Homeland Security Digital Initiatives - Presentation Transcript

    1. Outside the Wall: Homeland Security Digital Initiatives
      Cindy Sheffield, NBACC
      Greta E. Marlatt, HSDL
      American Libraries Association Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, July 12, 2009
    2. “Outside” the Wall: NBACC Library & Information Center
      American Library Association
      Annual Conference
      July 12, 2009
    3. National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center (NBACC)
      Mission:
      Providing the nation with the scientific basis for awareness of biological threats and bioforensic analysis to support attribution of their use against the American public.
    4. The DHS, an FFRDC, in biodefense strategy provides several strategic benefits:
      NBACC is a DHS-owned, BNBI-operated laboratory.
      • BNBI, LLC, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Battelle.
      • An expert and sustainable workforce with career focus on biodefense for homeland security, approximately 120 employees.
      • Attention to project-level quality, including vigilant adherence to regulatory compliance processes.
      • Operational on March 5, 2007.
    5. NBACC is a critical partner in the NICBR and NIBC at Fort Detrick
      National Interagency Confederation for Biological Research
      National Interagency Biodefense Campus
    6. The Dream for NBACC’s library:unfettered access to key resources
      Databases
      Journals
    7. The reality of NBACC’s library
      • Small budget, a fraction of the size of most research libraries.
      • Small number of researchers: 4 with an anticipated growth to about 15.
      • Small number of users does not mean a small investment for resources.
    8. Potential partners
      Transportation Security Lab
      Environmental Measures Lab
    9. Barriers to providing access
      NBACC is not currently on Ft. Detrick ...yet.
      NBACC has a very secure network system.
      NBACC does not have access to DHS Online ...yet.
      DHS Online did not offer many of the S&T resources that NBACC needs.
      DHS did not have an established budget to increase S&T resources.
    10. Needs Assessment
      • Analyzed the references used by scientists in the field.
      • DHS had already conducted two Needs Assessments.
      • NBACC Library conducted a Needs Assessment.
      • Determined which vendors supplied the majority of journals we would need.
      • Began looking at ways to make those acquisitions happen.
    11. Desired databases(examples)
      Literature review databases for searching
      • PubMed
      • Agricola
      • SCIRUS
      • US Patents
    12. Desired journal titles(examples)
      • Infection and Immunity
      • Journal of Bacteriology
      • Journal of Biological Chemistry
      • Journal of Infectious Diseases
      • Journal of Virology
      • Nature
      • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA
    13. Creating an electronic footprint
      Establish a reasonable budget.
      Identify common needs within DHS.
      Collaborate to develop an agreeable purchase plan for DHS S&T divisions.
      Establish agreements with publishers.
      Implement the technical requirements to make these resources accessible to users.
    14. Realistic goals
      • Acquire key journal titles.
      • Provide a small-scale electronic infrastructure to support library services.
      • Continue to rely heavily on previously established Federal Library services:
      • PubMed
      • USAMRIID
      • OpenSource
      • DTIC
    15. NBACC Library website
    16. Recommendations for starting a collection
      • Conduct a complete Needs Assessment.
      • Be willing to learn new skills.
      • Formulate relationships and develop opportunities.
      • Communicate effectively.
      • Be flexible.
      • Be patient.
      • Be realistic.
      • Never give up!!!
    17. September 11, 2001
    19. DHS Libraries
      Customs & Border Protection
      Citizenship & Immigration History Center
      Citizenship & Immigration Refugee & Asylum Information Center
      Immigration & Customs Enforcement Legal Office
      Intelligence & Analysis Information Center
      National Biodefense & Countermeasures Center
      Plum Island Animal Disease Center
      Federal Law Enforcement Training Center
      FEMA National Emergency Training Center
      U.S. Coast Guard Academy
      U.S. Coast Guard Law Library
    21. Workforce Characteristics
      Highly information intensive population:
      22.7 hours per week average for information tasks
      75% don’t have enough time to find what they need
      Wide diversity of information needs
      Self-serve is the preferred model:
      87% seek information themselves
    22. Virtual Library
      Integrated Online Catalog
      Four of the 14 libraries have online catalogs in different electronic formats,
      Other libraries are at various stages of automation
      Single integrated catalog will consolidate all library holdings
      @400,000 print vols.
      Federated Database Service
      Central Search enables users to search across 50 licensed commercial databases. Directly links to full-text articles when available.
      Electronic Collections
      300,000 e-journals
      20,000 e-books
    23. Homeland Security Research
      Border demarcations
      First responder protection
      Safety glass & building design
      Infectious diseases
      Standards & specifications
      Case law
      Languages & terminology
      LOTS of internal memorandum!
    24. https://www.hsdl.org
    25. Background
      Project began in 2002 along with the Center for Homeland Defense and Security (CHDS)
      Focus is on policy, strategy and management documents
      Not publicly available but widely available to those with HS related needs for research, analysis, and policy & strategy development
      Individual or agency-wide access available
    26. Who Can Access?
      Military
      Government
      Law Enforcement
      Emergency Management
      Public Health agencies
      Educational institutions with HS curriculum
      Depositories – GPO Partnership
      Others as appropriate
    27. Funded by the DHS National Preparedness Directorate FEMA, our mission is to support local, state, tribal and federal analysis and decision-making needs and assist academics of all disciplines in homeland defense and security related research.
      The collection provides quick access to important U.S. policy documents, presidential directives, and national strategy documents as well as specialized resources such as theses and reports from various universities, organizations as well as local and state agencies.
      HSDL Mission & Content
    28. Premier repository of strategy and policy related documents.
      Central repository of web-enabled materials
      Unique taxonomy and categorized search results
      Newly added synonyms list
      Tools and services to facilitate effective research and collaboration in the area of homeland security
      Blog with HS related information and reports
      Restricted documents collection
      HSDL: Why Do You Care?
      “Securing the Homeland Through the Power of Information”
    29. Locally held content
      Public repositories/databases
      Agency sources [federal, state, local and tribal]
      Legislative information
      Organization sources
      Universities, think tanks and more
      Types of Content
    30. HSDL – What’s Inside?
    31. Advanced Search
    32. Search Results
    33. Blog – On The Homefront
    34. Homeland Security Blogs
    35. Restricted Section – FOUO Documents
    36. Acronym Soup
      JTTF
      CBP
      NORTHCOM
      ICP
      TKB
      USFA
      CHDS
      FLETC
      RKB
      USCIS
      ESF
      MIPT
      CERT
      OEM
      PCII
      RKB
      CONPLAN
      HSPD
      NAIC
      CBIRF
      ATTF
      FSIS
      HSIN
      CDC
      HSIN
      CSEEP
      DART
      CBRN
      USCS
      NIMS
      UTL
      DOD
      CSI
      EBS
      DFO
      ICE
      ECC
      CIAO
      CEMP
      IAIP
      IMS
      WTC
      USSS
      USCG
      UASI
      DOJ
      FRP
      NPR
      ECS
      FEMA
      FBI
      TCL
      HSEEP
      TIC
      EAS
      HSAS
      ICTAP
      SHSEEP
      EMS
      NCERT
      HSC
      NCP
      US-VISIT
      TSA
    37. Lessons Learned Information Sharing (LLIS)
      https://www.llis.dhs.gov/index.do
      Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism (MIPT)
      http://www.mipt.org/library
      Responder Knowledge Base (RKB)
      https://www.rkb.us/
      SEL & AEL [emergency equipment standards/lists]
      https://www.rkb.us/lists.cfm
      Other Resources of Interest
    42. NAL Catalog
      http://agricola.nal.usda.gov/
      FEMA Library
      http://www.fema.gov/library/index.jsp
      DTIC Online
      http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/search/tr/
      National Emergency Training Center (NETC)
      http://www.lrc.fema.gov/index.html
      Other Resources - Catalogs
    47. Government Accountability Office (GAO)
      http://www.gao.gov/
      National Criminal Justice Research Service (NCJRS)
      http://www.ncjrs.gov/library.html
      Other Resources
    50. PubMed
      http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez
      PubMed Central
      http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/
      TOXNET
      http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/
      Other Resources - Medical
    54. Transportation Resarch Board (TRB)
      http://www.trb.org/TRB/publications/Publications.asp
      National Transportation Library (TRIS Online)
      http://ntlsearch.bts.gov/tris/index.do
      Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS)
      http://www.bts.gov/
      Other Resources - Transportation
    58. Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START)
      http://www.start.umd.edu/start/
      Worldwide Incidents Tracking System (WITS)
      http://wits.nctc.gov/
      HAZDAT Database
      http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/hazdat.html
      HAZ-MAP Database
      http://hazmap.nlm.nih.gov/
      Other Resources - Databases
    63. Rand
      http://www.rand.org/
      Homeland Security Institute (HSI)
      http://www.homelandsecurity.org/
      PPRO Homeland Security DEMIN
      http://ccs.tamu.edu/homeland_security/
      Center for Catastrophe Preparedness & Response
      http://www.nyu.edu/ccpr/
      Other Resources – Think Tanks
    68. FedStats
      http://www.fedstats.gov/
      Bureau of Justice Statistics
      http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/
      Federal Justice Statistics Resource Center
      http://fjsrc.urban.org/index.cfm
      CDC Data & Statistics
      http://www.cdc.gov/DataStatistics/
      Other Resources – Statistics
    73. Ready.gov
      http://www.ready.gov/
      DisasterAssistance.gov
      http://www.disasterhelp.gov/
      USA.gov
      http://www.usa.gov/
      Other Resources – Government
    76. Other Resources of Interest - Commercial
      CQ Homeland Security
      Praeger Security International
      Jane’s Terrorism & Insurgency Centre
      Ebsco – International Security & Counter-Terrorism Reference Center
      InsideDefense
      WorldCat
      Lexis Nexis
      Newsbank
      Stratfor
      IHS Global Insights
    78. http://www.nps.edu/Library/Research%20Tools/Subject%20Guides%20by%20Topic/index.html
    80. Greta E. Marlatt
      gmarlatt@nps.edu
      (831) 656-3500

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