Yannis@brisbane cipl seminar_workshop_20120716

University of Queensland Centre for Innovation in Professional Learning Lunchtime seminar & workshop Pedagogical patterns, learningdesign and classroom orchestration for Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) Prof. Yannis Dimitriadis GSIC/EMIC research group University of Valladolid July 18, 2012

Seminar-workshop overviews Part 1: Seminar (12pm – 1pm) … s Practitioner-oriented presentation and discussion s Introduction to concepts and challenges of patterns, learning designs, orchestration in CSCLs Part 2: Workshop (1pm – 2pm) … s Group activity through sharing, discussing and creating designs for CSCL s Discussion on how to move towards effective and efficient innovation in real-life CSCL classrooms 2

Teaching practitioners – IStruggling to overcome problemss Plan and carry out lessons (learning designs)s Assess and be aware of classroom activitiess Handle emergencies and adapt designss Align to curriculum and personal student needss Respect time, space and budget, …, and other constraints 3

Teaching practitioners (II)Orchestration problemss In settings: s Physical f2f and/or virtual and/or informals Using new and old technologiess Aiming to innovate using s Collaborative, problem, inquiry … based learning Orchestrate their TEL “ubiquitous” classrooms in real world conditions  Are these problems recurrent?  Are there any recurrent solutions to them? 4

A note on orchestration 5

From problems to solutionss Orchestration of TEL environments poses many problems for s practitioners (teachers, e-learning designers, tool and learning environment providers)s … in all phases of the lifecycle 6

Architecture practitionersPioneers in designs If you want to save energy: s Do not use windows on the “northern” (Oops! … “southern”) side of the houses But take also into account s Type of wall materials s Need for sun lights And s The problem/solution of energy for the roof! 7

Software Eng. practitionersModel-View-Controllers How can we produce (Web) user-oriented application that can survive changes?s The interface type of a form should not depend s on the data model s or the mechanism to handle the datas But such an independence is s costly in terms of initial development or s less efficient in terms of execution times Name, literature, examples ? s http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Computer_Science_Design_Patterns#Model-View-C 8

Teaching practitionersCollaborative learning problems Global – cohort-based threads are shallow s Shy, slow, non-confident students do not participates When we have discussions to find a solution to an open-ended problem s Have some time to think about a problem s Explain “non-perfect” opinion in small group s (and) Compare and listen to other views s And THEN enter the “classroom” battle field 9

Collaborative LearningIdeas and problemss Collaboration puts emphasis on – group member interactions (process is important)s Collaborative learning (CL) is typically associated to s projects, problems, inquirys And many conditions apply for effective CL s Positive interdependence clearly perceived s Personal responsibility (assessment) for group objectives s Considerable need for facilitation and regulation s Strong use of interpersonal and group skillss Can Computer Support (CS) help to enhance chances for effective CL with CSCL? 10

CS Collaborative LearningSome opportunitiess Tools to support – Communication (chat), shared spaces (Cmap, Dabbleboard), artifact creation (Gdocs) – For synchronous or asynchronous work in small groups, classrooms or communitiess But most importantly for – Knowledge creation (OISE Knowledge Forum, Argunaut argumentation tool) – Analysis of learning products/processes (Social Network Analysis, e-portfolios, Learning Analytics) – Scaffolding/scripting of processes … 11

Any common point in all cases?s Recurrent solutions to recurrent problems s Placed in context s Taking into account tensions s Illustrated through an example s Connected to other problemss Based on existing practice-oriented knowledge s Extracted from studies with “expert” practitioners s And complemented/informed by theorys And aimed to s Help practitioners 12

Patternss Patterns for “grand” designs in s Architecture s Software Engineerings Pedagogical patterns for s Teaching and Learning (Learning Design) s “Classroom” Orchestration 13

A pedagogical pattern forCollaborative Learning Flow (CLFP) s Think-Pair-Share pattern – It structures collaboration and promotes participation in large classes They comment or take a classroom “vote” They pair and discuss their ideas about the question Each participant has time to think about the question

Another CLFP:Jigsaw (I) Jigsaw CLFP (1) (related “larger” patterns) … SCRIPTED Collaborative Learning… This pattern gives the collaborative learning flow for CONTEXT a context in which several small groups are facing the study of a lot of information for the resolution of the same problem. *** The collaborative learning flow must enable PROBLEM the resolution of a complex problem/task that can be easily divided into sections or independent sub-problems

Another CLFP:Jigsaw (II) Jigsaw CLFP (2) (educational (E.g.) To promote the feeling that team members need objectives) each other to succeed (positive interdependence) (complexity) High-risk: more appropriate for collaborative learning experienced individuals SOLUTION Each participant in a group (“Jigsaw Group”) studies a particular sub-problem. The participants of different groups that study the same problem meet in an “Expert Group” for exchanging ideas. These temporary groups become experts in the section of the problem given to them. At last, participants of each “Jigsaw group” meet to contribute with their “expertise” in order to solve the whole problem.

Another CLFP:Jigsaw (III) (diagram Jigsaw CLFP (3) representing the solution) Individual or initial group Teacher Introductory individual (or initial group) activity Collaborative activity around the sub- problem Collaborative activity around the problem and solution proposal

Pedagogical patterns:When are they useful?s Pattern formalism is only a meanss Patterns reflect an approach for practice-oriented problemss They become even more useful s when innovation (collaboration, projects, problems, inquiry) is involved s and in complex CSCL/TEL environments with multiple tools, activities, social groupings s for less-experienced practitioners 18

Pedagogical patterns:What can we do with them?s Include in repositories for documentation and sharing in communities “of practice”s Embed in ICT-based design processes and tools to represent, reflect, deploy and enact in TEL Virtual or Personal Learning Environmentss Inspire designers/developers of TEL systemss Enable learning designers to create and support effective and sustainable scenarioss Use in Professional Development (PD) workshops Support practitioners (especially teachers) 19

Pedagogical patterns:Types and relationss Are all Pedagogical Patterns s of the same type and granularity? s independent (how are they related)?s At GSIC/EMIC we have focused on scripted CSCL s General design patterns s Learning Flow, Assessment (and Resources, Roles, Adaptation, …) s Atomic patterns s For design, deployment and enactment 20

And a pattern languagehttp://titan.tel.uva.es/wikis/yannis/images/e/e1/Appendix-chapter3-patternsbook.pdf Collaborative Learning Pedagogical approaches Scripted Collaboration (11 of E-LEN report) Roles and common CL mechanisms Collaborative level Jigsaw Learning CLFPs flow level Didactics Structured discussion of subject Activity level matters Facilitator Asynchronous Resource level CSCL scripting patterns Debate PL (Goodyear, 2005)

Learning flow and assessmentpatterns 22

Aligning both sets of patterns 23

A learning design in actionin a Primary Education classroom 24

And some atomic patterns 25

Learning Design and patternss Learning Design (or Design for Learning) as a field s considers teachers (and other actors) as designers of … s … “learning designs”, “scripts”, “units of learning” or “learning environments” s in a sound pedagogical ways Looks for methodologies, representations, tools to support a better design cycles Problems that could be solved by Learning Design Learning Design Practitioner Guide (draft version)26

Learning Design and patternss Learning Design is related to other concepts as: s Instructional design s Student scaffolding s Activity or scenario scripting s Lesson plannings Pedagogical patterns can be considered as s representations, conceptual tools, mediating artifacts s that support better the learning design process 27

Learning Design toolss Articulate/exploit the knowledge of patterns and support the learning design processs Create a model or representation of a learning design (unit of learning, script, scenario, etc.) s That allows understanding and reflecting on the pedagogy, making the learning design explicit, sharing it with otherss Through the Web Collage tools Or other Learning tools by the Stellar Learning Design Grid Theme Team (LDG) http://www.ld-grid.org/home 28

And a set of ICT tools 29

Part I: Seminar (wrap-up)Some lessons learnt s We need to establish the conditions for successful Collaborative Learning (CL) s Patterns may convey sound pedagogical knowledge for CL and support practitioners s Patterns can be embedded in tools and support the process of creating effective learning designs (scripts) for CSCL s “Classroom” orchestration pays attention to “real-time management” and requires careful design 30

Part I: Workshop preview s But we still need to – Work on examples of real CSCL cases – Understand problems to be solved – Access and use some of the patterns – Get an idea of how the GSIC/EMIC tools are used to support practitioners s And … – Take away challenges and issues – Eventually try out these approaches in our own real projects! 31

Links to patternss A list of collaborative learning flow patterns s http://www.gsic.uva.es/wikis/yannis/images/c/cc/Cos A list of assessment patterns s http://www.gsic.uva.es/wikis/yannis/images/6/60/As Some lists of atomic patterns (in english) s http://www.gsic.uva.es/wikis/yannis/images/b/ba/A s http://www.gsic.uva.es/wikis/yannis/images/4/4d/A 32

Some general linkss Publications s http://www.gsic.uva.es/public.php?lang=en&list_public=alls GSIC/EMIC channel at YouTube: s http://www.youtube.com/user/gsicemic?feature=watchs A video tour through the process s https://www.dropbox.com/s/2e3blzg7xfy2dhu/Ingles_v116.wmv (6m) s http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0C_AVMQ51Q8&list=UUUsMkoyBmK (3m)s The documents of this workshop s http://www.gsic.uva.es/wikis/yannis/index.php/Wollongong_documents# 33

Part II: Workshop overview s Read a scenario and choose a Collaborative Learning Flow Pattern (5m) s Analyze a sample learning design proposed by UVA teachers (5m) s Enrich the sample design with assessment and enactment patterns (10m) s Suggest problems - and look for solutions – (10m + 10m) s And if time allows … – Make a tour through solutions provided by the GSIC/EMIC technological tools (10m) – Take a look on even more problematic situations and conflicts during enactment (10m) 34

The proposed scenario s The proposed scenario: – 24 registered students – 4 in-class hrs (2 2hr sessions) + 4 off-class hrs – First week classes s Learning objective: – Look for and cite properly reliable information – Include them in well-structured reports s Use of Moodle and other ICT tools: – GoogleDocs, GoogleForms, MediaWiki, IWB, ... s Use of non-trivial collaborative activities 35

First design phase (5m) s Read the Scenario and think of a Collaborative Learning Flow Pattern to be used as a basis for the learning design (5 min) s A learning design should include: – Sequence of activities (learners/teachers) – Social groupings – ICT and non-ICT resources to use in each activitiy – Taking into account “in-class vs. off-class” nature and “timing” of activities 36

A learning designProduced by UVA teachers (Feb 2012) 37

Design “enrichment” (15m) s Review the Sample Learning Design s Select an Assessment Pattern and an Enactment Atomic Pattern that might complement/enrich the design s Annotate the sample design with the assessment and enactment patterns s Think of and write down two additional problems envisaged (expected or unexpected)? 38

Putting things together (15m)s Form a super-group with your neighborss Discuss and agree on assessment-enactment patternss Reach a consensus on three problems that may occur in the sample learning design enacted in a UQ TEL environment (Moodle- based?), especially in order to – Implement (deploy) the design – Manage it during enactment – Modify it in case of emergent conflicts 39

A set of additional problems s In designs proposed by UVA teachers … – ICT tools are scarcely used (except assignment delivery through Moodle) and even less to support collaboration – Many teachers say s “that looks nice but I cannot afford to use these designs in my classes with 70 students” s “I cannot use collaborative techniques when assessment is individual and there is a huge pressure to deliver more contents” 40

Issues to be discussed s Could we really design and carry out these designs? s Is there any solution to the previous issues? s Have we used any patterns in this workshop? s Can we think of any other problematic situations? s Can we count with conceptual and technological tools to support this process? 41

Back to the GSIC/EMIC tools 42

The GSIC/EMIC tools in action s A short video on using ICT tools to support the s And demo using the real tools – http://pandora.tel.uva.es/wic2/ (Web Collage) – Username: alumnobuendia25 – Password: xxx (to be announced) 43

Part II: Workshop wrap-up I s Work on a CSCL sample scenario (collaboration and ICT learning tools) s Use of patterns (collaborative learning flow, assessment, atomic) to generate learning designs s Use of GSIC/EMIC tools to support the learning design lifecycle (special focus on orchestration) s Discussion of problems (and solutions?) in real-life situations 44

Part II: Workshop wrap-up II s It is possible to implement innovative pedagogies in real-life TEL environments – Collaboration, projects, problems, inquiry s There are several tools (conceptual and technological) to support practitioners – Patterns, GSIC (or non-GSIC) … s Need to address many problems – Teacher beliefs, deployment gap, orchestration issues for real-time management, context, etc s But there is also some hope … 45

Problematic situation – I(designs proposed by UVA teachers) s Theme: – What is the most important element in literature? s Design: – Individual remote work – Produce remotely a document in groups of 4 using GoogleDocs – Generate conclusions using GoogleDocs in super-groups of 8 persons in a f2f session 46

Problematic situation – IConflicts and solutions? s People are missing (but latecomers appear after a certain time) s A student interpreted erroneously the task s A group did not deliver its document s Not enough time to complete the task s GoogleDocs is not working any more 47

Problematic situation – II s Theme: – The Global Financial Crisis s Design: – Respond to initial questionnaire (individual, remote) – Generate 3 ideas for an “aspect” (individual, remote) – Reach a consensus on 3 ideas among experts (in groups of 3, f2f) – Debate and generate concept map as experts in different “aspects” (group of 4, f2f) – Revise map of another group (groups of 4, remote) – Answer to critiques by reviewer (individual, remote) 48

Problematic situation – IIConflicts and solutions? s Is it possible/easy to provide an implementation in Moodle? s A group does not provide its pair review s Only one member of a group generates the peer review 49

Problematic situation – III s Theme: – Issues regarding news with some social impact s Design: – Brainstorm and search for information (groups of 3, f2f) – Document issues (groups of 3, remote) – Sharing documentation (groups of 6, f2f) – Generate common documentation and report (groups of 6, remote) – Sharing and generation of a common sshort report (whole class, f2f) 50

Problematic situation – IIIConflicts and solutions? s There are doubts whether all people participated in the generation of the common report s During the process, it is found out that one concept has not been understood properly s There are serious errors in the common reports 51

Design of the UVA PD workshop(textual description) 52

Design of UVA PD workshop(based on patterns) 53

Yannis@brisbane cipl seminar_workshop_20120716

by Yannis on Jul 16, 2012

Accessibility

Categories

Upload Details

Usage Rights

Statistics

Yannis@brisbane cipl seminar_workshop_20120716 Presentation Transcript