Rails 3: Dashing to the Finish

{ Rails 3

Overview

Dashing to the Finish

A Lot Like Rails 2.3

Quick Refresher

What Hasn’t Changed?

Resources

Controllers

Migrations

AR Ideas

Big User-Facing Changes

File Structure

con g.ru # This file is used by Rack-based # servers to start the application. require ::File.expand_path( '../config/environment', __FILE__ ) run Tutorial::Application

con g/boot.rb require 'rubygems' # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile. gemfile = File.expand_path( '../../Gemfile', __FILE__ ) if File.exist?(gemfile) ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] = gemfile require 'bundler' Bundler.setup end

Gem le source 'http://rubygems.org' gem 'rails', '3.0.0.beta3' gem 'sqlite3-ruby'

con g/environment.rb # Load the rails application require File.expand_path( '../application', __FILE__ ) # Initialize the rails application Tutorial::Application.initialize!

con g/application.rb (1) require File.expand_path( '../boot', __FILE__ ) require 'rails/all' if defined?(Bundler) Bundler.require(:default, Rails.env) end

con g/application.rb (2) module Tutorial class Application < Rails::Application config.encoding = "utf-8" config.filter_parameters += [:password] end end

environments/production.rb Tutorial::Application.configure do config.cache_classes = true config.consider_all_requests_local = false config.action_controller.perform_caching = true config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = "X-Sendfile" config.serve_static_assets = false end

initializers/session_store.rb Rails.application. config.session_store( :cookie_store, :key => '_tutorial_session' )

script/rails (1) #!/usr/bin/env ruby # This command will automatically # be run when you run "rails" with # Rails 3 gems installed from the # root of your application. ENV_PATH = File.expand_path( '../../config/environment', __FILE__ )

script/rails (2) BOOT_PATH = File.expand_path( '../../config/boot', __FILE__ ) APP_PATH = File.expand_path( '../../config/application', __FILE__ ) require BOOT_PATH require 'rails/commands'

Recent

Even Easier to Remove Bundler

Removing Bundler $ rm Gemfile

app/mailers $ script/rails g mailer welcome create app/mailers/welcome.rb invoke erb create app/views/welcome invoke test_unit create test/functional/welcome_test.rb

app/layouts/application.html.erb <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Tutorial</title> <%= stylesheet_link_tag :all %> <%= javascript_include_tag :defaults %> <%= csrf_meta_tag %> </head> <body> <%= yield %> </body> </html>

public/ javascripts/ rails.js

github.com/ rails/jquery-ujs

db/seeds.rb

rake db:setup

db:create db:schema:load db:seed

lib/tasks/setup.rake task :bundle do system "bundle install" end task :setup => ["bundle", "db:setup"]

Rails Command ★ generate | g ★ destroy ★ console | c ★ benchmarker ★ server | s ★ profiler ★ dbconsole | db ★ plugin ★ application ★ runner

Block Helpers

Block Helpers (Before) <% form_for @post do |f| %> <%= f.input_field :name %> <% end %>

Block Helpers (Before) <% box do %> <p>Hello World!</p> <% end %>

Block Helpers (Before) def box(&block) content = "<div class='box'>" << capture(&block) << "</div>" if block_called_from_erb? concat(content) else content end end

Block Helpers (After) <%= box do %> <p>Hello World!</p> <% end %>

Block Helpers (After) def box(&block) "<div class='box'>" "#{capture(&block)}" "</div>" end

Block Helpers (After) def box(&block) "<div class='box'>" "#{capture(&block)}" "</div>".html_safe end

Recent

Tons of Fixes to XSS Safe

Lots of XSS- Related Changes to Your App...

You’re Doing it Wrong

Router

Note: Signi cant Changes Ahead

Also Note: Old Mapper Still Available

Matching map.connect "posts", :controller => :posts, :action => :index

Matching map.connect "posts", :controller => :posts, :action => :index match "posts" => "posts#index"

Optional Segments match "/posts(/page)" => "posts#index"

Optional Dynamic Segments match "/posts(/:id)" => "posts#index"

Default Parameters match "/posts(/:id)" => "posts#index", :defaults => {:id => 1}

Default Parameters match "/posts(/:id)" => "posts#index", :id => 1

Named Routes match "/posts(/:id)" => "posts#index", :id => 1, :as => "posts"

The Root root :to => "posts#index"

Scopes

Path Scope match "/admin/posts" => "posts#index" match "/admin/users" => "users#index"

Path Scope match "/admin/posts" => "posts#index" match "/admin/users" => "users#index" scope :path => "admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end

Path Scope match "/admin/posts" => "posts#index" match "/admin/users" => "users#index" scope "admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end

Module Scope match "/posts" => "admin/posts#index" match "/users" => "admin/users#index"

Module Scope match "/posts" => "admin/posts#index" match "/users" => "admin/users#index" scope :module => "admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end

Both match "admin/posts" => "admin/posts#index" match "admin/users" => "admin/users#index"

Both match "admin/posts" => "admin/posts#index" match "admin/users" => "admin/users#index" namespace "admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end

HTTP Methods

Get Request match "/posts" => "posts#index", :via => "get"

Get Request match "/posts" => "posts#index", :via => "get" get "/posts" => "posts#index"

Scoping scope "/posts" do controller :posts do get "/" => :index end end

Scoping scope "/posts" do controller :posts do get "/" => :index end end get "/posts" => "posts#index"

Default Resource Route controller :posts do scope "/posts" do get "/" => :index post "/" => :create get "/:id" => :show put "/:id" => :update delete "/:id" => :delete get "/new" => :new get "/:id/edit" => :edit end end

Default Resource Route controller :posts do scope "/posts" do get "/" => :index, :as => :posts post "/" => :create get "/:id" => :show, :as => :post put "/:id" => :update delete "/:id" => :delete get "/new" => :new, :as => :new_post get "/:id/edit" => :edit, :as => :edit_post end end

Constraints

Regex Constraint get "/:id" => "posts#index", :constraints => {:id => /d+/}

Regex Constraint get "/:id" => "posts#index", :id => /d+/

Request-Based Constraint get "/mobile" => "posts#index", :constraints => {:user_agent => /iPhone/}

Request-Based Constraint get "/mobile" => "posts#index", :constraints => {:user_agent => /iPhone/}, :defaults => {:mobile => true}

Request-Based Constraint get "/mobile" => "posts#index", :user_agent => /iPhone/, :mobile => true

Object Constraints class DubDubConstraint def self.matches?(request) request.host =~ /^(www.)/ end end get "/" => "posts#index", :constraints => DubDubConstraint

Equivalent get "/posts" => "posts#index"

Equivalent get "/posts" => "posts#index" get "/posts" => PostsController.action(:index)

Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index)

Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index) => #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/ wycats/Code/rails/actionpack/lib/ action_controller/metal.rb:123>

Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index) => #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/ wycats/Code/rails/actionpack/lib/ action_controller/metal.rb:123> >> e = Rack::MockRequest.env_for("/")

Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index) => #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/ wycats/Code/rails/actionpack/lib/ action_controller/metal.rb:123> >> e = Rack::MockRequest.env_for("/") => {"SERVER_NAME"=>"example.org", "CONTENT_LENGTH"=>"0", ...}

Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index) => #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/ wycats/Code/rails/actionpack/lib/ action_controller/metal.rb:123> >> e = Rack::MockRequest.env_for("/") => {"SERVER_NAME"=>"example.org", "CONTENT_LENGTH"=>"0", ...} >> e.call(a)

Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index) => #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/ wycats/Code/rails/actionpack/lib/ action_controller/metal.rb:123> >> e = Rack::MockRequest.env_for("/") => {"SERVER_NAME"=>"example.org", "CONTENT_LENGTH"=>"0", ...} >> e.call(a) => [200, {"ETag"=> '"eca5953f36da05ff351d712d904e"', ...}, ["Hello World"]]

Match to Rack class MyApp def call(env) [200, {"Content-Type" => "text/html"}, ["Hello World"]] end end get "/" => MyApp.new

Redirection get "/" => redirect("/foo")

Redirection get "/" => redirect("/foo") get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%{id}") get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%s")

Redirection get "/" => redirect("/foo") get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%{id}") get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%s") get "/:id" => redirect { |params, req| ... }

Rack App def redirect(*args, &block) options = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {} path = args.shift || block path_proc = path.is_a?(Proc) ? path : proc { |params| path % params } status = options[:status] || 301 body = 'Moved Permanently' lambda do |env| req = Request.new(env) params = [req.symbolized_path_parameters] params << req if path_proc.arity > 1 uri = URI.parse(path_proc.call(*params)) uri.scheme ||= req.scheme uri.host ||= req.host uri.port ||= req.port unless req.port == 80 headers = { 'Location' => uri.to_s, 'Content-Type' => 'text/html', 'Content-Length' => body.length.to_s } [ status, headers, [body] ] end end

Rack App def redirect(*args, &block) options = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {} path = args.shift || block path_proc = path.is_a?(Proc) ? path : proc { |params| path % params } status = options[:status] || 301 body = 'Moved Permanently' lambda do |env| req = Request.new(env) redirect(*args, &block) params = [req.symbolized_path_parameters] params << req if path_proc.arity > 1 uri = URI.parse(path_proc.call(*params)) uri.scheme ||= req.scheme uri.host ||= req.host uri.port ||= req.port unless req.port == 80 headers = { 'Location' => uri.to_s, 'Content-Type' => 'text/html', 'Content-Length' => body.length.to_s } [ status, headers, [body] ] end end

Rack App lambda do |env| req = Request.new(env) params = [req.symbolized_path_parameters] params << req if path_proc.arity > 1 uri = URI.parse(path_proc.call(*params)) uri.scheme ||= req.scheme uri.host ||= req.host uri.port ||= req.port unless req.port == 80 headers = { 'Location' => uri.to_s, 'Content-Type' => 'text/html', 'Content-Length' => body.length.to_s } [ status, headers, [body] ] end

Rack App lambda do |env| req = Request.new(env) params = [req.symbolized_path_parameters] params << req if path_proc.arity > 1 uri = URI.parse(path_proc.call(*params)) [ status, headers, [body] ] uri.scheme ||= req.scheme uri.host ||= req.host uri.port ||= req.port unless req.port == 80 headers = { 'Location' => uri.to_s, 'Content-Type' => 'text/html', 'Content-Length' => body.length.to_s } [ status, headers, [body] ] end

Resources

Resources resources :magazines do resources :ads end

Member Resources resources :photos do member do get :preview get :print end end

One-Oﬀs resources :photos do get :preview, :on => :member end

Collections resources :photos do collection do get :search end end

Combination scope :module => "admin" do constraints IpBlacklist do resources :posts, :comments end end

Recent

#mount

Rack Endpoint class MountedEndpoint def call(env) head = {"Content-Type" => "text/html"} body = "script: #{env["SCRIPT_NAME"]}" body += "path: #{env["PATH_INFO"]}" [200, head, [body]] end end

Mounting class MountedEndpoint def call(env) head = {"Content-Type" => "text/html"} body = "script: #{env["SCRIPT_NAME"]}" body += "path: #{env["PATH_INFO"]}" [200, head, [body]] end end mount "/end", :at => MountedEndpoint.new

Mounting class MountedEndpoint def call(env) head = {"Content-Type" => "text/html"} body = "script: #{env["SCRIPT_NAME"]}" body += "path: #{env["PATH_INFO"]}" [200, head, [body]] end end mount "/end", :at => MountedEndpoint.new # "/end/point" => # script: /end # path: /point

Sinatra!

ActiveRecord

New Chainable, Lazy API

Chainable Methods ★ select ★ order ★ from ★ limit ★ where ★ offset ★ joins ★ includes ★ having ★ lock ★ group ★ readonly

Controller def index @posts = Post. where(:published => true). order("publish_date desc") end

Model def index @posts = Post.published end class Post < ActiveRecord::Base scope :published, where(:published => true). order("publish_date desc") end

Model class Post < ActiveRecord::Base scope :desc, order("publish_date desc") scope :published, where(:published => true).desc end

Controller def index @posts = Post. where("created_at < ?", Time.now). order("publish_date desc") end

Controller def index @posts = Post.past end class Post < ActiveRecord::Base scope :desc, order("publish_date desc") def self.past where("created_at < ?", Time.now).desc end end

Model class Post < ActiveRecord::Base scope :desc, order("publish_date desc") def self.past where("created_at < ?", Time.now).desc end def self.recent(number) past.limit(5) end end

Pagination class PostsController < ApplicationController def index @posts = Posts.page(5, :per_page => 10) end end class Post < ActiveRecord::Base def self.page(number, options) per_page = options[:per_page] offset(per_page * (number - 1)). limit(per_page) end end

named_scope with_scope nd(:all)

ActionMailer

Massive API Overhaul

Sending Emails def welcome(user) @user = user mail(:to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome man!") end

welcome.text.erb welcome.html.erb

Layouts layout "rails_dispatch" def welcome(user) @user = user mail(:to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome man!") end

rails_dispatch.text.erb rails_dispatch.html.erb

Be More Speci c def welcome(user) @user = user mail(:to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome man!") do |format| format.html format.text { render "generic" } end end

Defaults default :from => "wycats@gmail.com" def welcome(user) @user = user mail(:to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome man!") do |format| format.html format.text { render "generic" } end end

Attachments def welcome(user) @user = user file = Rails.public_path.join("hello.pdf") contents = File.read(file) attachments["welcome.pdf"] = contents mail(:to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome man!") end

Interceptors class MyInterceptor def self.delivering_email(mail) original = mail.to mail.to = "wycats@gmail.com" mail.subject = "#{original}: #{mail.subject}" end end

Interceptors class MyInterceptor def self.delivering_email(mail) original = mail.to mail.to = "wycats@gmail.com" mail.subject = "#{original}: #{mail.subject}" end end config.action_mailer. register_interceptor(MyInterceptor)

Interceptors Delivery Observers

delivering_mail deliver delivered_mail

Bundler

bundle install

bundle lock

.gitignore .dot les

Engine Yard Heroku chef

Engine Yard Heroku chef capistrano?

gembundler.com

gembundler.com /rails3.html

railsdispatch.com /posts/bundler

yehudakatz.com/ 2010/04/12/some-of- the-problems- bundler-solves/

yehudakatz.com/ 2010/04/17/ruby- require-order- problems/

Choices

rspec-rails

generators rake tasks controller_example view_example request_example mailer_example

Mailer Generator $ script/rails g mailer welcome create app/mailers/welcome.rb invoke erb create app/views/welcome invoke rspec create spec/mailers/welcome_spec.rb

dm-rails

generators rake tasks append_info_to_payload i18n_scope IdentityMap middleware

generate a resource $ rails g resource comment invoke data_mapper create app/models/comment.rb invoke test_unit create test/unit/comment_test.rb create test/fixtures/comments.yml invoke controller create app/controllers/comments_controller.rb invoke erb create app/views/commentses invoke test_unit create test/functional/comments_controller_test.rb invoke helper create app/helpers/commentses_helper.rb invoke test_unit create test/unit/helpers/comments_helper_test.rb route resources :commentses

generate a resource $ rails g resource comment invoke data_mapper create app/models/comment.rb invoke rspec create spec/models/comment_spec.rb invoke controller create app/controllers/comments_controller.rb invoke erb create app/views/comments invoke rspec create spec/controllers/comments_controller_spec.rb create spec/views/comments invoke helper create app/helpers/comments_helper.rb invoke rspec route resources :comments

rails g $ rails g Rails: controller generator helper integration_test mailer metal migration model observer performance_test plugin resource scaffold scaffold_controller session_migration stylesheets

What Else?

Ruby 1.9 Encoding

Mission

You Can Assume UTF-8 Inside of Rails

(unless you want to handle encodings yourself)

Testing

RSpec Driven Eﬀort

Rails Testing Support Becomes Modular

ActionController Middleware class PostsController use MyMiddleware, :only => :index end

Metal becomes AC::Metal

i18n Check Out Sven’s Talk Last slot in conference

Trimming ActiveSupport Dependencies

Thanks!

Questions?

http://www.slideshare.net	686
http://www.funonrails.com	85
http://feeds.feedburner.com	8
http://www.lmodules.com	5
http://teamco-anthill.blogspot.com	4
http://translate.googleusercontent.com	2
http://josephstalin.com:3000	2
http://www.youngdigitallab.com	1
http://laureleiv.blogspot.com	1
http://twittertim.es	1
http://s.deeeki.com	1
http://localhost:3000	1
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Rails 3: Dashing to the Finish

by Yehuda Katz

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