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Try to imagine the perfect school curriculum. How can we help children understand themselves in the world? An ideal school curriculum without ‘geography’ is almost beyond imagination. This is because it is almost impossible to imagine a young person to be considered ‘educated’ without a geographical component; one that allows them to grasp and be curious about planet Earth as their home. Geography tends to get a bad press. And yet, television is full of real, living geography: Coast, Rivers, Extreme Environments, Pole to Pole, Equator, Wainright’s Walks, Britain from the Air, Britain: a Natural History ... What is compelling about these programmes is that they are about people in the world, and the relationships people form with their environment. Geography is one of humanity’s big ideas. It literally means something like ‘writing the world’. Thus, traditionally, geography is associated with rich descriptions of places. For many years geographers were almost synonymous with explorers, bringing back data from all corners of the globe which could be added to the evolving map of the world. To this day, atlases and globes are a source of endless fascination; the names, the shapes, the distributions, the relationships … and these days brought to life through Google Earth and such like.As with all subject disciplines, classifying these data is vital. Hand-in-hand with this is the development of organising ideas, which help us make sense of the world in all its diversity. In this way, concepts such as ‘place’, ‘region’, ‘location’ and ‘interdependence’ have been developed which enable us to think geographically. For example, ‘tropical rainforest’ has particular characteristics and is found in certain regions around the world. Coniferous forest has different characteristic and distributions. There are reasons for this. And equally interesting and significant are the ways human beings use and sometimes abuse these particular environments.In the early years of the twentieth century, when geography as a discipline was in its thinking geographically was dominated by ‘environmental determinism’. This is the idea that people were pretty much conditioned or limited by their physical environment. But today, geography is the subject on the curriculum that helps children understand that environments are to some extent made by people working, more or less successfully, with each other and with the physical world (the land, water and air). So geography is concerned with the social, the cultural, the economic and the political choice dimensions of our lives, as well as the physical world in which we live (or ‘nature’). These are the corner stones of the challenging notion of ‘sustainable development’. Sustainable development has replaced environmental determinism.The school curriculum certainly should begin to build children’s geographical vocabularies of the world. For instance, they should learn about continents and countries, oceans and rivers, major climate regions, cities … and nearer home, features in the locality and local region and how this is situated in the nation, the British Isles and Europe. For without a vocabulary how can children think geographically? But such ‘locational knowledge’ is not a sufficient end in itself, and neither should it dominate. Although ‘geography as locational knowledge’ is what many imagine geography to be, in TV quiz shows and so forth, it is clear from the from the previous paragraphs that there is more to it than this. It is a means for children to understand themselves in the world.f there is any doubt about this, the results of a 2009 ‘World Issues’ survey, commissioned by the Geographical Association (GA) and conducted by Ipsos-Mori, should cause pause for thought. The full results can be found via the GA website, but in highlight it shows that: 93% of young people think it is important to learn about issues affecting people’s lives in different parts of the world. About the same number think it is important to learn about where the things they use, such as food, energy and water, come from. However, 63% of young people think that not enough time is spent learning about the wider world in school. The survey also shows that geography is the subject in which young people have most often learnt about or discussed the big issues they believe to be affecting their local area and the wider world today. These issues include: crime and anti-social behaviour, the economy and jobs, war and terrorism, the environment and climate change, and poverty and hunger. Furthermore, geography is the subject in which schoolchildren would expect to learn about these issues.
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West Midlands Regional Observatory, 2 months ago
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Ruth Totterdell highlights the Geographical Assocat more
Ruth Totterdell highlights the Geographical Assocation's resources for teachers. This presentation was given at the Geographical Information Day in Birmingham, 18th November 2009, hosted by the West Midlands Regional Observatory. less
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