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God’s providence of 
restoration from 
Jesus until today
Jewish History 
Slavery in Egypt 
Judges 
Israelite Monarchy 
Divided Kingdoms 
Exile and Return 
400 
400 
120 
400 
210 
Prep. for the Messiah 400 
Put to deJaethsus
Jewish History Christian History 
400 400 
Slavery in Egypt 
Suffering under Rome 
Genesis 15:13 6 BC – 392 AD 
• Abraham’s failure in 
offering 
• Jacob’s 12 sons and 70 
kinsmen in Egypt 
• Maintained identity 
– Circumcision, Sabbath 
• Pyramid building 
• Moses - Pharaoh humbled 
• Mount Sinai - Covenant, 
Torah and Tabernacle 
• Entered Promised Land 
• Jesus killed 
• Jesus’ 12 apostles and 70 
disciples in Roman Empire
Destruction of Jerusalem and Israel 
• First Jewish revolt against Roman rule 
• Destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple 70 CE 
Arch of Titus in Rome
Building of Rome 
• Vespasian used 
the treasure from 
the Temple to 
rebuild Rome 
– Colosseum 
– Temple of Peace 
– Public baths 
– New forum
Masada 
• 70 CE a group of Sicarii 
took refuge 
• 15 000 Roman soldiers 
laid seige 
• 73 CE Masada was taken 
• Almost all the Jews killed 
each other or committed 
suicide rather than 
surrender and become 
slaves
Destruction of Jerusalem and Israel 
• First Jewish revolt against 
Roman rule 
• Destruction of Jerusalem 
and the Temple 70 CE 
• Second Jewish revolt 
132-135 CE 
• 500,000 Jews killed, 985 
villages destroyed 
• Jews forbidden to live in 
Jerusalem 
• Judea renamed 
Palaestina 
Arch of Titus in Rome
Parting of the ways 
• Jews-who-believed-in-Jesus vs. Jews-who- 
didn’t-believe-in-Jesus 
– Crucified Messiah 
• Jewish-Roman Wars 66-73AD; 132-135 AD 
– Christians fled Jerusalem for Pella 
– Bar-Kokhba proclaimed messiah 
• Changing identity of next generations 
• Church becomes Gentile 
– Dispensational/Replacement theology 
– Judaism rejected
Jewish History Christian History 
400 400 
Slavery in Egypt 
Suffering under Rome 
Genesis 15:13 6 BC – 392 AD 
• Abraham’s failure in 
offering 
• Jacob’s 12 sons and 70 
kinsmen in Egypt 
• Maintained identity 
– Circumcision, Sabbath 
• Pyramid building 
• Moses - Pharaoh humbled 
• Mount Sinai - Covenant, 
Torah and Tabernacle 
• Entered Promised Land 
• Jesus killed 
• Jesus’ 12 apostles and 70 
disciples in Roman Empire 
• Established identity 
– Parting of the ways 
– Baptism, Eucharist, Creed 
• Persecution 
• Constantine converted 313 
– Edict of Milan 
• Church councils, Canon 
• 392 Christianity becomes 
official religion
Jewish History Christian History 
Judges Church Patriarchs 
400 400 
• Judges 
– Prophet, priest, king 
– 12 tribes 
• Struggles with Philistines 
• “Went after other gods” 
• Lack of unity between 
tribes 
392 – 800 CE 
• Patriarchs 
– Monastery, Pope, ‘king’ 
– 5 Patriarchates
Period of the Church Patriarchs 
Missionaries Huns 
Germanic Tribes 
Rome 
Arabs 
Constantinople 
Antioch 
Jerusalem 
410 
Alexandria 
Angles 
Saxons 
God raised up the Germanic 
tribes as a new chosen people. 
EDP, 317
Jewish History Christian History 
Judges Church Patriarchs 
400 400 
• Judges 
– Prophet, priest, king 
– 12 tribes 
• Struggles with Philistines 
• “Went after other gods” 
• Lack of unity between tribes 
• Patriarchs 
392 – 800 CE 
– Monastery, priest, king 
– 5 Patriarchates 
• Invasion of barbarians 
– Rome sacked 410 
– Providence moved to 
Germanic tribes 
• Influenced by paganism 
– Augustine and Manichaeism 
• Doctrinal controversies 
– Trinity, Person of Christ
How did Christianity go East?
Christianity in China 
Nestorian church pagoda Nestorian Stele (781)
Jewish History Christian History 
Judges Church Patriarchs 
400 400 
• Judges 
– Prophet, priest, king 
– 12 tribes 
• Struggles with Philistines 
• “Went after other gods” 
• Lack of unity between tribes 
• Patriarchs 
392 – 800 CE 
– Monastery, priest, king 
– 5 Patriarchates 
• Invasion of barbarians 
– Rome sacked 410 
• Influenced by paganism 
– Augustine and Manichaeism 
• Doctrinal controversies 
– Trinity, Person of Christ 
• Rise of Islam 
– Reform movement 
– Simple theology
How quickly did Islam spread? 
Battle of Tours 732 
Charles Martel 
Rome 
Makkah 
Spread of Islam through previously Christian lands 632 - 750
Islamic Spain - Al-Andalus 
711-1492 
• Caliphate of Cordoba 
929-1031 
• Golden age of culture, 
science, art, 
architecture, 
philosophy, libraries, 
medicine, astronomy 
• Relatively tolerant of 
Jews and Christians 
• Possibility of messiah?
Jewish History Christian History 
United Israelite Monarchy 
120 
120 
Christian Empire 
1040 – 922 BCE 800 – 919 CE 
• Samuel anointed Saul 
• Lack of unity 
• Samuel anointed David 
• Bathsheba & Uriah affair 
• Solomon - Temple 
• Married foreign women 
• Went after other gods 
• Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne 
Emperor of the Romans 
• Donation of Constantine 
• Struggle of Church and State
Jewish History Christian History 
United Israelite Monarchy 
120 
120 
Christian Empire 
1040 – 922 BCE 800 – 919 CE 
• Samuel anointed Saul 
• Lack of unity 
• Samuel anointed David 
• Bathsheba & Uriah affair 
• Solomon - Temple 
• Married foreign women 
• Went after other gods 
After crowning and blessing 
the emperor, the pope was to 
obey him as one of his 
subjects in temporal matters. 
The emperor, in turn, was to 
lift up and further the spiritual 
work of the papacy in his 
realm. EDP
Jewish History Christian History 
United Israelite Monarchy 
120 
120 
Christian Empire 
1040 – 922 BCE 800 – 919 CE 
• Samuel anointed Saul 
• Lack of unity 
• Samuel anointed David 
• Bathsheba & Uriah affair 
• Solomon - Temple 
• Married foreign women 
• Went after other gods 
• Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne 
Emperor of the Romans 
• Donation of Constantine 
• Struggle of Church and State 
• Carolinian Renaissance 
– Art, religion, education, culture 
• Civil wars between Charlemagne’s 
descendents
Growth of Carolingian Empire
United Christian Kingdom 
Carolingian 
Empire
Jewish History Christian History 
Divided Kingdoms 
400 
400 
Divided Empire 
922 – 597 BCE 919 - 1309 CE 
• Kingdom divided into Judah and 
Israel 
• Rehaboam and Jeroboam 
• Cain: Israel 
– 19 kings in 260 years 
– Prophets, no repentance 
– 721 BC Assyrians 
• Abel: Judah 
– 20 kings in 394 years 
– Prophets, corruption 
– 597 BC Babylonians 
• Collapse of autocratic society 
• Empire divided East and West 
Franks - Germany and France 
• Henry I ‘The Fowler’ crowned 
King of the Germans 919 
− Response to Magyars 
– Partially elected 
• Otto I crowned Emperor of the 
Holy Roman Empire 962
Kingdoms of Franks and Germans 
West Franks 
France 
East Franks 
Holy Roman 
Empire 
Germany 
(Cain) 
(Abel)
Jewish History Christian History 
Divided Kingdoms 
400 
400 
Divided Empire 
922 – 597 BCE 919 - 1309 CE 
• Kingdom divided into Judah and 
Israel 
• Rehaboam and Jeroboam 
• Cain: Israel 
– 19 kings in 260 years 
– Prophets, no repentance 
– 721 BC Assyrians 
• Abel: Judah 
– 20 kings in 394 years 
– Prophets, corruption 
– 597 BC Babylonians 
• Collapse of autocratic society 
• Empire divided East and West 
Franks - Germany and France 
• Henry I ‘The Fowler’ crowned 
King of the Germans 919 
• Great Schism 1054 
– Church divided East and West
The Great Schism 1054 
• Latin vs. Greek 
– Communication 
• Difference of belief 
– Filioque clause 
• Disagreement about 
authority of the Pope 
– First amongst equals 
vs. supreme head 
Orange = Roman Catholic Church 
Blue = Orthodox churches
Jewish History Christian History 
Divided Kingdoms 
400 
400 
Divided Empire 
922 – 597 BCE 919 - 1309 CE 
• Kingdom divided into Judah and 
Israel 
• Rehaboam and Jeroboam 
• Cain: Israel 
– 19 kings in 260 years 
– Prophets, no repentance 
– 721 BC Assyrians 
• Abel: Judah 
– 20 kings in 394 years 
– Prophets, corruption 
– 597 BC Babylonians 
• Collapse of autocratic society 
• Empire divided East and West 
Franks - Germany and France 
• Henry I ‘The Fowler’ crowned 
King of the Germans 919 
• Church divided East and West 
1054 
• Investiture Controversy 
– Simony 
– Who appoints bishops? 
– Who appoints Pope? 
• Internal reformation: saints, 
monastics and scholars
Who were the reformers? 
St Francis 
of Assisi 
Bernard 
of Clairvaux 
St Dominic 
Thomas Aquinas 
Saint Hildegard 
William Ockham 
Julian of Norwich
Jewish History Christian History 
Divided Kingdoms 
400 
400 
Divided Empire 
922 – 597 BCE 919 - 1309 CE 
• Kingdom divided into Judah and 
Israel 
• Rehaboam and Jeroboam 
• Cain: Israel 
– 19 kings in 260 years 
– Prophets, no repentance 
– 721 BC Assyrians 
• Abel: Judah 
– 20 kings in 394 years 
– Prophets, corruption 
– 597 BC Babylonians 
• Collapse of autocratic society 
• Empire divided East and West 
Franks - Germany and France 
• Henry I ‘The Fowler’ crowned 
King of the Germans 919 
• Great Schism 1054 
• Investiture Controversy 
• Internal reformation: saints, 
monastics and scholars 
• External chastisement: 
Crusades 1096-1248
What were the crusades? 
• Military campaigns sanctioned by the Pope 
• Recapture Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslims 1095-1291 
• Response to Muslim threats to pilgrim routes 
– 1009 Holy Sepulcher destroyed by Fatimid dynasty 
• Help requested by Byzantine Empire 
– Threat from Seljuk Turks - Battle of Manzikert 1071 
• 8 Crusades - mostly unsuccessful 
• Breakdown of autocratic feudalism, disillusionment with the Catholic 
Church, loss of prestige of Papacy, impoverishment, new ideas
Jewish History Christian History 
Divided Kingdoms 
400 
400 
Divided Empire 
922 – 597 BCE 919 - 1309 CE 
• Kingdom divided into Judah and 
Israel 
• Rehaboam and Jeroboam 
• Cain: Israel 
– 19 kings in 260 years 
– Prophets, no repentance 
– 721 BC Assyrians 
• Abel: Judah 
– 20 kings in 394 years 
– Prophets, corruption 
– 597 BC Babylonians 
• Collapse of autocratic society 
• Empire divided East and West 
Franks - Germany and France 
• Henry I ‘The Fowler’ crowned 
King of the Germans 919 
• Great Schism 1054 
• Investiture Controversy 
• Internal reformation: saints, 
monastics and scholars 
• External chastisement: 
Crusades 1096-1248 
• Decline of autocratic feudalism
Jewish History Christian History 
210 
Exile and Return 
Papal Captivity & Return 
210 
• Babylonian Exile 
– 10,000 Jews 
– 597 - 527 BC 
– Purification 
• Return to Jerusalem 
– Edict Cyrus 538 BC 
– Rebuilding Temple 
– Ezra the Scribe 458 BC 
– Nehemiah 445 BC 
• Pope Clement V moves to 
Avignon in France 1309 
• Supposed to be purified 
• Very political 
• Centralised 
• Money grabbing 
• Luxury, corruption 
• Pope Gregory XI moves 
back to Rome 1377 
70 years: 597- 527 BC 
140 years: 527- 400 BC 
70 years: 1309 -1377 
140 years: 1378 -1517
Papal captivity 
France 
Avignon 
Holy 
Roman 
Empire 
1309 
Rome
Return of the Papacy 
France 
Holy 
Roman 
Empire 
Avignon 
1377 
Rome
Jewish History Christian History 
210 
Exile and Return 
Papal Captivity & Return 
210 
• Babylonian Exile 
– 10,000 Jews 
– 597 - 527 BC 
– Purification 
• Return to Jerusalem 
– Edict Cyrus 538 BC 
– Rebuilding Temple 
– Ezra the Scribe 458 BC 
– Nehemiah 445 BC 
• Pope Clement V moves to 
Avignon in France 1309 
• Pope Gregory XI moves 
back to Rome 1377 
• Papal Schism 1378 -1417 
– Council Pisa 1409 
– 3 popes 
– Council of Constance 1414 
• Huge confusion 
– Reform movements 
– Wycliffe, Jan Hus 
70 years: 597- 527 BC 
140 years: 527- 400 BC 
70 years: 1309 -1377 
140 years: 1378 -1517
Jewish History Christian History 
Prep. for the Messiah 
400 
Prep. for Second Advent 
400 
• Malachi 
• Other religious leaders 
– Socrates (470-389 BC) 
– Buddha (565-485 BC) 
– Confucius (552-479 BC) 
• Roman Empire 
• Synthesis Hebraism and 
Hellenism 
• Renaissance 
• Reformation 
• Enlightenment 
• Great Awakening 
– UK, USA, Sikhism 
• Missionaries 
• British Empire 
• Democracy & free market 
• Science & technology 
400 BC – Birth of Christ 
1517 (Martin Luther) 
to 1917 (400 years)
Jewish History Christian History 
Slavery in Egypt 
Judges 
Israelite Monarchy 
Divided Kingdoms 
Exile and Return 
Prep. for the Messiah 
Suffering under Rome 
Church Patriarchs 
Christian Empire 
Divided Empire 
Papal Captivity & Return 
Prep. for 2nd Advent 
400 
400 
120 
400 
210 
400 
Malachi 1517 Luther
214 History parallels part 2

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214 History parallels part 2

  • 1.
  • 2. God’s providence of restoration from Jesus until today
  • 3. Jewish History Slavery in Egypt Judges Israelite Monarchy Divided Kingdoms Exile and Return 400 400 120 400 210 Prep. for the Messiah 400 Put to deJaethsus
  • 4. Jewish History Christian History 400 400 Slavery in Egypt Suffering under Rome Genesis 15:13 6 BC – 392 AD • Abraham’s failure in offering • Jacob’s 12 sons and 70 kinsmen in Egypt • Maintained identity – Circumcision, Sabbath • Pyramid building • Moses - Pharaoh humbled • Mount Sinai - Covenant, Torah and Tabernacle • Entered Promised Land • Jesus killed • Jesus’ 12 apostles and 70 disciples in Roman Empire
  • 5. Destruction of Jerusalem and Israel • First Jewish revolt against Roman rule • Destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple 70 CE Arch of Titus in Rome
  • 6. Building of Rome • Vespasian used the treasure from the Temple to rebuild Rome – Colosseum – Temple of Peace – Public baths – New forum
  • 7. Masada • 70 CE a group of Sicarii took refuge • 15 000 Roman soldiers laid seige • 73 CE Masada was taken • Almost all the Jews killed each other or committed suicide rather than surrender and become slaves
  • 8. Destruction of Jerusalem and Israel • First Jewish revolt against Roman rule • Destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple 70 CE • Second Jewish revolt 132-135 CE • 500,000 Jews killed, 985 villages destroyed • Jews forbidden to live in Jerusalem • Judea renamed Palaestina Arch of Titus in Rome
  • 9. Parting of the ways • Jews-who-believed-in-Jesus vs. Jews-who- didn’t-believe-in-Jesus – Crucified Messiah • Jewish-Roman Wars 66-73AD; 132-135 AD – Christians fled Jerusalem for Pella – Bar-Kokhba proclaimed messiah • Changing identity of next generations • Church becomes Gentile – Dispensational/Replacement theology – Judaism rejected
  • 10. Jewish History Christian History 400 400 Slavery in Egypt Suffering under Rome Genesis 15:13 6 BC – 392 AD • Abraham’s failure in offering • Jacob’s 12 sons and 70 kinsmen in Egypt • Maintained identity – Circumcision, Sabbath • Pyramid building • Moses - Pharaoh humbled • Mount Sinai - Covenant, Torah and Tabernacle • Entered Promised Land • Jesus killed • Jesus’ 12 apostles and 70 disciples in Roman Empire • Established identity – Parting of the ways – Baptism, Eucharist, Creed • Persecution • Constantine converted 313 – Edict of Milan • Church councils, Canon • 392 Christianity becomes official religion
  • 11. Jewish History Christian History Judges Church Patriarchs 400 400 • Judges – Prophet, priest, king – 12 tribes • Struggles with Philistines • “Went after other gods” • Lack of unity between tribes 392 – 800 CE • Patriarchs – Monastery, Pope, ‘king’ – 5 Patriarchates
  • 12. Period of the Church Patriarchs Missionaries Huns Germanic Tribes Rome Arabs Constantinople Antioch Jerusalem 410 Alexandria Angles Saxons God raised up the Germanic tribes as a new chosen people. EDP, 317
  • 13. Jewish History Christian History Judges Church Patriarchs 400 400 • Judges – Prophet, priest, king – 12 tribes • Struggles with Philistines • “Went after other gods” • Lack of unity between tribes • Patriarchs 392 – 800 CE – Monastery, priest, king – 5 Patriarchates • Invasion of barbarians – Rome sacked 410 – Providence moved to Germanic tribes • Influenced by paganism – Augustine and Manichaeism • Doctrinal controversies – Trinity, Person of Christ
  • 15. Christianity in China Nestorian church pagoda Nestorian Stele (781)
  • 16. Jewish History Christian History Judges Church Patriarchs 400 400 • Judges – Prophet, priest, king – 12 tribes • Struggles with Philistines • “Went after other gods” • Lack of unity between tribes • Patriarchs 392 – 800 CE – Monastery, priest, king – 5 Patriarchates • Invasion of barbarians – Rome sacked 410 • Influenced by paganism – Augustine and Manichaeism • Doctrinal controversies – Trinity, Person of Christ • Rise of Islam – Reform movement – Simple theology
  • 17. How quickly did Islam spread? Battle of Tours 732 Charles Martel Rome Makkah Spread of Islam through previously Christian lands 632 - 750
  • 18. Islamic Spain - Al-Andalus 711-1492 • Caliphate of Cordoba 929-1031 • Golden age of culture, science, art, architecture, philosophy, libraries, medicine, astronomy • Relatively tolerant of Jews and Christians • Possibility of messiah?
  • 19. Jewish History Christian History United Israelite Monarchy 120 120 Christian Empire 1040 – 922 BCE 800 – 919 CE • Samuel anointed Saul • Lack of unity • Samuel anointed David • Bathsheba & Uriah affair • Solomon - Temple • Married foreign women • Went after other gods • Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne Emperor of the Romans • Donation of Constantine • Struggle of Church and State
  • 20. Jewish History Christian History United Israelite Monarchy 120 120 Christian Empire 1040 – 922 BCE 800 – 919 CE • Samuel anointed Saul • Lack of unity • Samuel anointed David • Bathsheba & Uriah affair • Solomon - Temple • Married foreign women • Went after other gods After crowning and blessing the emperor, the pope was to obey him as one of his subjects in temporal matters. The emperor, in turn, was to lift up and further the spiritual work of the papacy in his realm. EDP
  • 21. Jewish History Christian History United Israelite Monarchy 120 120 Christian Empire 1040 – 922 BCE 800 – 919 CE • Samuel anointed Saul • Lack of unity • Samuel anointed David • Bathsheba & Uriah affair • Solomon - Temple • Married foreign women • Went after other gods • Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne Emperor of the Romans • Donation of Constantine • Struggle of Church and State • Carolinian Renaissance – Art, religion, education, culture • Civil wars between Charlemagne’s descendents
  • 23. United Christian Kingdom Carolingian Empire
  • 24. Jewish History Christian History Divided Kingdoms 400 400 Divided Empire 922 – 597 BCE 919 - 1309 CE • Kingdom divided into Judah and Israel • Rehaboam and Jeroboam • Cain: Israel – 19 kings in 260 years – Prophets, no repentance – 721 BC Assyrians • Abel: Judah – 20 kings in 394 years – Prophets, corruption – 597 BC Babylonians • Collapse of autocratic society • Empire divided East and West Franks - Germany and France • Henry I ‘The Fowler’ crowned King of the Germans 919 − Response to Magyars – Partially elected • Otto I crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 962
  • 25. Kingdoms of Franks and Germans West Franks France East Franks Holy Roman Empire Germany (Cain) (Abel)
  • 26. Jewish History Christian History Divided Kingdoms 400 400 Divided Empire 922 – 597 BCE 919 - 1309 CE • Kingdom divided into Judah and Israel • Rehaboam and Jeroboam • Cain: Israel – 19 kings in 260 years – Prophets, no repentance – 721 BC Assyrians • Abel: Judah – 20 kings in 394 years – Prophets, corruption – 597 BC Babylonians • Collapse of autocratic society • Empire divided East and West Franks - Germany and France • Henry I ‘The Fowler’ crowned King of the Germans 919 • Great Schism 1054 – Church divided East and West
  • 27. The Great Schism 1054 • Latin vs. Greek – Communication • Difference of belief – Filioque clause • Disagreement about authority of the Pope – First amongst equals vs. supreme head Orange = Roman Catholic Church Blue = Orthodox churches
  • 28. Jewish History Christian History Divided Kingdoms 400 400 Divided Empire 922 – 597 BCE 919 - 1309 CE • Kingdom divided into Judah and Israel • Rehaboam and Jeroboam • Cain: Israel – 19 kings in 260 years – Prophets, no repentance – 721 BC Assyrians • Abel: Judah – 20 kings in 394 years – Prophets, corruption – 597 BC Babylonians • Collapse of autocratic society • Empire divided East and West Franks - Germany and France • Henry I ‘The Fowler’ crowned King of the Germans 919 • Church divided East and West 1054 • Investiture Controversy – Simony – Who appoints bishops? – Who appoints Pope? • Internal reformation: saints, monastics and scholars
  • 29. Who were the reformers? St Francis of Assisi Bernard of Clairvaux St Dominic Thomas Aquinas Saint Hildegard William Ockham Julian of Norwich
  • 30. Jewish History Christian History Divided Kingdoms 400 400 Divided Empire 922 – 597 BCE 919 - 1309 CE • Kingdom divided into Judah and Israel • Rehaboam and Jeroboam • Cain: Israel – 19 kings in 260 years – Prophets, no repentance – 721 BC Assyrians • Abel: Judah – 20 kings in 394 years – Prophets, corruption – 597 BC Babylonians • Collapse of autocratic society • Empire divided East and West Franks - Germany and France • Henry I ‘The Fowler’ crowned King of the Germans 919 • Great Schism 1054 • Investiture Controversy • Internal reformation: saints, monastics and scholars • External chastisement: Crusades 1096-1248
  • 31. What were the crusades? • Military campaigns sanctioned by the Pope • Recapture Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslims 1095-1291 • Response to Muslim threats to pilgrim routes – 1009 Holy Sepulcher destroyed by Fatimid dynasty • Help requested by Byzantine Empire – Threat from Seljuk Turks - Battle of Manzikert 1071 • 8 Crusades - mostly unsuccessful • Breakdown of autocratic feudalism, disillusionment with the Catholic Church, loss of prestige of Papacy, impoverishment, new ideas
  • 32. Jewish History Christian History Divided Kingdoms 400 400 Divided Empire 922 – 597 BCE 919 - 1309 CE • Kingdom divided into Judah and Israel • Rehaboam and Jeroboam • Cain: Israel – 19 kings in 260 years – Prophets, no repentance – 721 BC Assyrians • Abel: Judah – 20 kings in 394 years – Prophets, corruption – 597 BC Babylonians • Collapse of autocratic society • Empire divided East and West Franks - Germany and France • Henry I ‘The Fowler’ crowned King of the Germans 919 • Great Schism 1054 • Investiture Controversy • Internal reformation: saints, monastics and scholars • External chastisement: Crusades 1096-1248 • Decline of autocratic feudalism
  • 33. Jewish History Christian History 210 Exile and Return Papal Captivity & Return 210 • Babylonian Exile – 10,000 Jews – 597 - 527 BC – Purification • Return to Jerusalem – Edict Cyrus 538 BC – Rebuilding Temple – Ezra the Scribe 458 BC – Nehemiah 445 BC • Pope Clement V moves to Avignon in France 1309 • Supposed to be purified • Very political • Centralised • Money grabbing • Luxury, corruption • Pope Gregory XI moves back to Rome 1377 70 years: 597- 527 BC 140 years: 527- 400 BC 70 years: 1309 -1377 140 years: 1378 -1517
  • 34. Papal captivity France Avignon Holy Roman Empire 1309 Rome
  • 35. Return of the Papacy France Holy Roman Empire Avignon 1377 Rome
  • 36. Jewish History Christian History 210 Exile and Return Papal Captivity & Return 210 • Babylonian Exile – 10,000 Jews – 597 - 527 BC – Purification • Return to Jerusalem – Edict Cyrus 538 BC – Rebuilding Temple – Ezra the Scribe 458 BC – Nehemiah 445 BC • Pope Clement V moves to Avignon in France 1309 • Pope Gregory XI moves back to Rome 1377 • Papal Schism 1378 -1417 – Council Pisa 1409 – 3 popes – Council of Constance 1414 • Huge confusion – Reform movements – Wycliffe, Jan Hus 70 years: 597- 527 BC 140 years: 527- 400 BC 70 years: 1309 -1377 140 years: 1378 -1517
  • 37. Jewish History Christian History Prep. for the Messiah 400 Prep. for Second Advent 400 • Malachi • Other religious leaders – Socrates (470-389 BC) – Buddha (565-485 BC) – Confucius (552-479 BC) • Roman Empire • Synthesis Hebraism and Hellenism • Renaissance • Reformation • Enlightenment • Great Awakening – UK, USA, Sikhism • Missionaries • British Empire • Democracy & free market • Science & technology 400 BC – Birth of Christ 1517 (Martin Luther) to 1917 (400 years)
  • 38. Jewish History Christian History Slavery in Egypt Judges Israelite Monarchy Divided Kingdoms Exile and Return Prep. for the Messiah Suffering under Rome Church Patriarchs Christian Empire Divided Empire Papal Captivity & Return Prep. for 2nd Advent 400 400 120 400 210 400 Malachi 1517 Luther