Using Zend Framework with Symfony

Using Zend Framework with Symfony Matthew Weier O'Phinney Project Lead, Zend Framework

Matthew Weier O'Phinney
PHP Developer since 2000
Zend Framework contributor since 2006
Project Lead since 2009

Zend Framework: Some Background

Zend Framework is …
a component library?
a full-stack framework?
Both.

Comparing Symfony to Zend Framework

Why bother?
Both are solid frameworks
Both hit different “sweet spots” for developers
You can use them together (with Symfony Components, this goes both ways!)

Why use ZF with Symfony?

Take advantage of ZF features
Access to remote APIs (web services, feeds, etc.)
Support for Lucene indexes
PDF generation
Queueing
Cloud computing (storage, DBs, message queues)

Asynchronous Processing
In general: offloading processing to other processes
Queues, primarily
Examples:
Sending mail notifications
Interacting with 3 rd party web services
Complex or expensive RDBMS operations
May require a console runner or interaction with a message queue

Exposing Web Services
XML-RPC
SOAP
JSON-RPC
AMF

How do I use Zend Framework with Symfony?

Methods for integration
Typically, via a project or application plugin

class ProjectConfiguration extends sfProjectConfiguration { static protected $zendAutoloader = false; static public function registerZend() { if (!self:: $zendAutoloader ) { set_include_path( implode ( PATH_SEPARATOR, array ( sfConfig::get( 'sf_lib_dir' ) . '/vendor' , get_include_path(), ))) require_once 'Zend/Loader/Autoloader.php' ; self:: $zendAutoloader = Zend_Loader_Autoloader::getInstance(); } return self:: $zendAutoloader } }

Taking it further... class ProjectConfiguration extends sfProjectConfiguration { // ... // Autoload PEAR classes, too... static public function registerPear() { self::registerZend()->setFallbackAutoloader(); } }

Using Zend components: class readerReadTask extends sfBaseTask { // ... public function execute( $arguments = array (), $options = array () ) { // ... ProjectConfiguration::registerZend(); $feed = Zend_Feed_Reader::import( $feed ); // ... } } Just start using classes!

Some components you might want to use

Service components
Zend_Gdata
Contacts, calendars, and YouTube! Oh, my!
Zend_Service_Amazon
Book search, S3 and EC2, SQS (forthcoming)
Zend_Service_Akismet
Identify spam early
Many, many more
http://framework.zend.com/manual/en/zend.service.html

Feed tools
Zend_Feed_Reader – provides comprehensive support for consuming feeds, including RSS (1 and 2) and Atom
Zend_Feed_Writer – the mirror of Zend_Feed_Reader, aiding in construction of feeds
Zend_Feed_Pubsubhubbub – providing support for interacting with PuSH hubs, automating feed discovery and publication

$feed = Zend_Feed_Reader::import( $feedUri ); $metadata = array ( 'title' => $feed ->getTitle(), 'description' => $feed ->getDescription(), ); $entries = array (); foreach ( $feed as $entry ) { $entries [] = array ( 'title' => $entry ->getTitle(), 'link' => $entry ->getLink(), 'timestamp' => $entry ->getDateModified(), ); }

$feed = new Zend_Feed_Writer_Feed; $feed ->setTitle( $someTitle ) ->setLink( $url ) ->setDescription( $description ); $entry = $feed ->createEntry(); $entry ->setTitle( $entryTitle ) ->setLink( $entryLink ) ->setDateModified( time ()); $feed ->addEntry( $entry ); echo $feed ->export( 'atom' );

Lucene Indexes
Lucene is a binary format optimized for indexing documents and then retrieving documents by complex criteria.
Zend_Search_Lucene is binary-compatible with Lucene indexes
Supports search and retrieval from Lucene indexes
Supports generation of Lucene indexes

if ( is_dir ( $indexDir )) { $index = Zend_Search_Lucene::open( $indexDir ); } else { $index = Zend_Search_Lucene::create( $indexDir ); } $doc = new Zend_Search_Lucene_Document(); $doc ->addField(Zend_Search_Lucene_Field::Keyword( 'uri' , $url )); $doc ->addField(Zend_Search_Lucene_Field::UnIndexed( 'timestamp' , $ts )); $doc ->addField(Zend_Search_Lucene_Field::Text( 'synopsis' , $synopsis )); $doc ->addField(Zend_Search_Lucene_Field::Unstored( 'content' , $content )); $index ->addDocument( $doc );

$hits = $index ->find( '+hello -dolly' ); foreach ( $hits as $hit ) { printf ( '<a href="%s">%s ... (created %s)</a>' , $hit ->uri, $hit ->synopsis, $hit ->timestamp ); }

PDF manipulation
PDF is an open specification produced by Adobe
Zend_Pdf offers support for
Consuming and manipulating existing PDFs
Creating new PDF files

$pdf = Zend_Pdf::load( $pdfFile ); $page = $pdf ->pages[0]; $font = Zend_Pdf_Font::fontWithName( Zend_Pdf_Font::FONT_HELVETICA ); $page ->setFont( $font , 36) ->setFillColor( Zend_Pdf_Color_Html::color( '#CCC' )) ->drawText( 'U R H2O-marked' , 60, 500); $pdf ->save( $pdfFile );

Sidetrack: On Domain Models

Why?
Perform distinct, discrete processing tasks without the overhead of the full framework
When speed is necessary
When resource usage needs to be kept minimal
When performing processing that is non-web specific (console, RDBMS, communicating with web services, periodic tasks, etc.)

More reasons why
Unit test your domain model
If you're testing against a database, you're not unit testing
Typically less complex testing harnesses
Reduce dependencies
Can reduce resource usage
Can be more performant (less bootstrapping and fewer resources often leads to faster code)
Use in more environments

Domain Model roles
Entities – often Plain Old PHP Objects
Aggregates or Collections – of entities
Mappers – map entities to data persistence, and vice versa. Could be an ORM. Returns entities and aggregates.
Service layer objects – the public API for your domain model; uses other domain objects and performs business logic.

Service Layer in perspective Data Access Objects and Data store(s) Data Mappers Entities Service Layer

Considerations
Service objects should return entities and/or aggregates
Consider returning Zend_Paginator objects
Countable
Iterable
Consumers do not need to understand implementation

More Considerations
Implement business/domain logic in the service layer
Validation/Filtering
Interactions between entities
ACLs

Back on track: Asynchronous Processing

Queues
Offload processing until later
Use cases
Send email later
Update indexes later
Interact with 3rd party APIs later (Salesforce, SugarCRM, etc)

$queue = new Zend_Queue( 'MemcacheQ' , array ( 'name' => 'my-uber-queue' , 'host' => 'queue.host.tld' , )); $queue -> send ( 'Some message' ); $messages = $queue ->receive(5); echo count ( $queue ), " messages registered " ; foreach ( $messages as $message ) { // do something with message, // typically $message->body $queue ->deleteMessage( $message ); }i

Exposing Web Services

Goals of good web services
Self-documenting
Respond quickly
Correspond to existing service objects

Service types offered by ZF
AMF - Active Message Format, used by Flex and Flash
JSON-RPC - RPC using JSON as the serialization format; clients in Dojo, YUI and ExtJS
XML-RPC - Standard protocol used everywhere
SOAP - with support for auto-generation of WSDL and serialization to and from PHP objects

Basics
All servers follow PHP's SoapServer API
Instantiate
Add classes and/or functions as callbacks
Handle the request

$server = new Zend_XmlRpc_Server(); $server ->setClass( 'My_Service_ApiClass' , 'api' ); echo $server ->handle(); if ( $_SERVER [ 'REQUEST_METHOD' ] == 'GET' ) { $server = new Zend_Soap_AutoDiscover(); } else { $server = new Zend_Soap_Server( $thisScript ); } $server ->setClass( 'My_Service_ApiClass' ); $server ->handle();

Service Layer Objects are King
Public methods are exposed by default
Define your public API in your service layer, and re-use however you need it
ACLs, validation, etc are already defined and encapsulated

Exposing Ajax Endpoints
XHR requests need to be fast
If you are doing RPC-style requests, Zend_Json_Server is your friend
JSON-REST is becoming popular; consider exposing an alternate lightweight RESTful MVC that consumes your service objects, or Symfony's REST API.
Service layer objects, again, become your friend

Takeaways

Zend Framework can provide a wealth of functionality you can draw on in your Symfony applications.
Consider writing a rich domain model separate from your application that draws on components from a variety of sources.
Offload processing when you can, and setup service endpoints outside your main web application for performance reasons.

Resources
The ZF Manual: http://framework.zend.com/manual
My slides on Slideshare http://slideshare.net/weierophinney
Rate this talk: http://joind.in/1413

Thank you!

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Using Zend Framework with Symfony

by Matthew Weier O'Phinney

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