Commercial, Industrial, and
Institutional Water Use Efficiency
Water Conservation Summit
San Diego
June 2009

Presentation Outline
Water Conservation Programs: Past and Future
CII WaterSmart Guidebook
Plan Review Process
Recognition/Certification Programs

Water Utility Conservation
History
Started with educational programs in
70’s and 80’s
Progressed to residential surveys and
incentives in the 90’s
Now actively involved in offering
surveys and incentives in the CII
sector

Future CII Water Conservation
Activities by Utilities
Plan Review for water use efficiency
Efficiency requirements
Certification and recognition programs
Additional incentive measures

What’s in it for the
Developer/Company?
Savings for:
• Water & Energy
• Wastewater Discharge Fees
• Connection Fees (reduce meter size)
• On-site Wastewater Treatment (reduced
size of capital facilities and chemicals)

Why The Need for a Guidebook on
Water Use Efficiency?
Help save resources
Few single source references on water use
efficiency in the CII sector
Inefficient water use at startup
Higher retrofit costs later

Audience/Target Markets for
Guidebook
Utility staff
Planning agencies
Developers
Designers and Architects
Business chains
Green business and certification programs

CII Resource Guide
A reference document on CII water-use efficiency
Applies 13 water use technologies
Covers 20 different business types
Describes plan review process

Resource Guide (cont.)
Description of end uses by business type
Description of water savings hardware,
processes, and technologies
Estimate of costs & benefits
References

Matrix of Operations
Sample Type of Business
Water Using Technology
Offices
Process water
Schools
Water treatment
Restaurants
Thermodynamic processes
Retail
Food service
Hotel/Motel
Wash down & sanitation
Grocery
Laundry
Medical facilities
Submetering
Laboratories
Photo & film processing
Laundries
Medical & laboratory
Manufacturing
Vehicle wash
Vehicle washing
Landscaping
Bakeries
Pools, spas & fountains
Automotive
Alternate water sources
Printing

Water Efficiency Criteria
Achieve measurable water savings
Product and technology readily available
Reasonable economic cost to consumer
Products have been performance rated (3rd party)
• American National Standards Institute
• American Society for Testing and Materials
• International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials
• National Association of Home Builders Research Center
• PG&E Food Service Technology Center
• Uniform North American Requirements
• USEPA Energy Star and WaterSense programs

Indoor Water Efficiency Requirements
Item Residential Non-Residential
Toilets 1.28 gal dual flush HET 1.28 gal dual flush HET
Urinals --- 0.5 gpm
2.0-2.5 gpm; individually 2.0 gpm; individually
Showerheads
plumbed plumbed
Faucet 1.5 gpm bath; 2.0 gpm 0.5-1.5 gpm bath; 2.5 gpm
Aerators kitchen kitchen
Clotheswasher WF < 6.0; MEF > 2.0 WF < 6.0; MEF > 2.0
Pre-Rinse
--- 1.3 gpm
Spray Valves
Ice Machines --- Air cooled or <20 gal/100 lbs
Food Steamers --- Boiler-less; self contained
Cooling
--- 5 cycle recirculating
Towers

Outdoor Water Efficiency Requirements
Item Water Efficiency Requirement
Landscape Plan Check List <5,000 ft2; Detailed plan review
< 25% of area; turf and sprinklers/spray
Turf Areas
heads not allowed in medians <8 ft.
Dedicated Irrigation Meter > 5,000 sq. ft. of landscape
Irrigation Efficiency 80% of evapotranspiration
Irrigation Controller weather-based self adjusting model
Plants 80% drought tolerant; 20% other
Non-Turf Areas drip irrigation and bubblers 0.5 gpm max.
Valves and circuits Separately zoned by plants and water use
Exception for: (a) <5,000 ft2 of irrigated landscaping and (b) 2 or fewer properties

Sample WUE Costs and Benefits
Unit Projected Potential
Usage Payback
Product Cost 5-Year Water 5-Yr Cost
Assumptions Period
Incr. Savings (gal) Savings
Food
2 gal/hr $0 675,000 $26,000 Immed.
Steamers
Pre-rinse 1.6 gpm;
$50 160,000 $2,500 5 weeks
Valves 3 hrs/day
Ice
Per 100 lbs ice $1,000 1,000,000 $5,720 < 1 year
Machines
HET $50-
1.28 gpf 5,000-90,000 $40-$600 1-5 years
Toilets $150

Plan Review Process with Planning
Agency (PA) Involvement
1. Developer submits plans to PA
2. PA submits plans to stakeholders
3. Stakeholders comment and provide
their requirements
4. PA requires developer to meet all
requirements as condition of permit
5. PA issues occupancy permit upon
developer compliance

Plan Review Process without
Planning Agency Involvement
1. Developer submits request for meter
2. Developer is informed of utility
requirements for issuance of meter
3. Utility reviews developer plans
4. Issues meter upon compliance

Certification/Recognition Plan
Goals and Objectives
• Build and develop awareness of program
among commercial customers
• Goal of 100 accounts per year
Target Audience
• Water-intensive businesses
• High visibility companies and organizations

Download Guidebook
www.ebmud.com/conserving_&_recycling/
non_residential/watersmart%20guidebook/
default.htm
QUESTIONS?