Respiratory and circulatory systems

YEARLY LESSON PLAN 2011 Scienc Form 3 ,[object Object],WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning OutcomesEXERCISESp1p2210/01/11-14/01/11b) transport of oxygen by the redblood cells in the form ofoxyhaemoglobin. Collect and interpret data on the followinga) substances that are harmfulto the respiratory system, i.enicotine and tar (from the smoke ofcigarettes), sulphur dioxide(from factories), and carbonmonoxide (from the smoke of vehicles) and haze.b) Effect of harmful substancessuch as toxin and carcinogenon the respiratory system.c) Diseases of the respiratorysystemCarry out an activity to show theeffects of smoking on the lung.Hold or visit an exhibition on theeffects of smoking and diseasesof the lungs.Brainstorm ideas on how toimprove air quality and putthese ideas into practice.1.2Understandingthe transport ofoxygen in thehuman body.A student is able to• Describe the diffusion ofoxygen from the alveoli intothe blood capillaries.1.3Realizing theimportance of ahealthyrespiratorysystem.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p2317/01/11-21/01/11Observe and study models,computer software or videos onthe structure of the heart andtypes of blood vessels (i.e:artery, vein and capillary) in theblood circulatory system.Examine a live specimen of aheart to identify its structureDiscuss the followinga) Function of the heart.b) Characteristics of the bloodvessels and their functions. Carry out and activity to compare and contrastoxygenated and deoxygenatedblood.Stimulate the flow of blood inthe circulatory system.Discuss the role of the blood circulatory system in the transport of substances.Invite a medical officer to give a talk on “Taking Care of Your Heart”.LEARNINGAREA 2:BLOODCIRCULATIONANDTRANSPORT.2.1Understandingthe transportsystem inhumans.A student is able to• Describe the circulatorysystem as a system oftubes with a pump and valvesthat ensure one way flow ofblood.• State the function of the heart.• Identify the structure of thehuman heart.• Compare and contrast thestructure of arteries, veins andcapillaries.• Relate the characteristics ofthe blood vessels to theirfunctions.• Compare and contrastoxygenated and deoxygenated152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p2424/01/11-28/01/11Invite a physician to give a talkon the followinga) The constituent of blood, i.e.plasma, red blood cells,white blood cells, platelet and their functions.b) The blood groups, i.e. A, B, AB and O.c) The compatibility betweenthe blood group of the donor and that of the recipient.d) The importance of blood donation.e) The storage and handling of donated blood.Observe a willed plant anddiscuss how it occurredExamine the epidermis of a leafunder a microscope to identifythe stomata.Carry out experiments to studythe factors affecting the rate oftranspiration2.2Analyzing thehuman blood.2.3Analyzing thetransport systemin plant.student is able to• State the constituents of bloodand their function.• Stste the blood groups.• Match the blood group of thedonor to that of the recipient.• Justify the importance of blooddonation.• Describe how donated blood isstored and handled.A student is able to:Describe how wilting occurs,Describe what transpiration is,Describe the function ofstomata,152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p2531/02/11-04/02/11Carry out activities to study thefollowinga) Transport of synthesizedblood substances via thephloem.b) Transport of water fromroots to the leaves via thexylem.Examine cross-sections of root,stem and leaf to identify thelocation of xylem and phloem.Discuss the roles oftranspiration in the transport ofwater and minerals.Discuss what excretion is.Examine models, chats or viewcomputer software to identifythe excretory system, i.e. skin,lungs and kidneys.2.3Analyzing thetransport systemin plant.LEARNINGAREA 3:EXCRETION3.1Understandinghuman excretion.Describe how the factors affectthe rate of transpiration,Describe the roles oftranspiration,Investigate the pathway ofwater in a cut stem using asuitable stains,Identify the location of xylemand phloem,Describe the functions ofxylem and phloem. A student is able to:Explain what excretion is,Identify the excretory organs inhumans.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p2607/02/11-11/02/11Discuss the excretory productsof each excretory organ, i.ewater, carbon dioxide, minerals,salt, and urea.Discuss the importance ofexcretion.Examine models, chats or viewcomputer software of theurinary system to identify thelocation of kidneys, ureters,urinary bladder and urethra.Collect and interpret data on thefunction of the kidney.Examine a live specimen of akidney to:a) Describe the shape of the kidney.b) Identify the components ofthe kidney, i.e. the cortex,medulla and pelvis.Discuss the following:a) The importance of thekidneys,b) Living with kidney failureLEARNINGAREA 3:EXCRETION3.1Understandinghuman excretion.3.2Analyzing theurinary system inhuman.State the excretory products ofeach excretory organ,Explain the importance ofexcretion.A student is able to:Identify the locations ofkidneys and the other parts ofthe urinary system.Describe the shape pf thekidney.Identify the structures of thekidney.Describe the function of thekidney.Explain the importance ofmaintaining healthy kidneys.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p2714/02/11-18/02/11Collect and interpret data on thefollowing:a) The ways plants eliminatetheir excretory product,b) The excretory products ofplants, i.e. carbon dioxide,water and complex wasteproducts.Discuss the following:a) The importance and types ofreproduction,b) The similarities anddifferences between sexualand asexual reproduction.Using charts, diagrams, videosor computer software to studythe following:a) Fertilization,b) Internal and externalfertilization,c) The various ways ofasexual reproductions, i.e.binary fission, building,3.3Analyzingexcretion inplantsLEARNINGAREA 4:REPRODUCTION4.1Understandingsexual andasexualreproductionA student is able to:describe the ways plantseliminate their excretoryproducts,identify the excretory productsof plants. A student is able to:state the importance ofreproduction,state the types ofreproductions,state the fertilization is,describe internal and externalfertilization,152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p2714/02/11-18/02/11spore formation, vegetativereproduction andregeneration.Discuss and classify animalsand plants according to howthey reproduceIdentify the following parts ofthe main reproductive systemwith the help of charts, models,videos computer software:a) The sexual organs, i.e.testes and penis,b) The other related parts, i.e.the scrotum, urethra, spermducts and prostate glands.Discuss the following::a) The function of the differentparts of the malereproductive system,LEARNINGAREA 4:REPRODUCTION4.1Understandingsexual andasexualreproduction.4.2Analyzing malereproductionsystem.compare and contrast sexualand asexual reproduction,classify animals and plantsaccording to the ways ofreproduction.A student is able to:identify the parts of the malereproductive system,describe the function of thedifferent parts of the malereproductive system,state the role of sperm inreproduction,152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p2821/02/11-25/02/11b) The role of sperm inreproduction,c) The physical, physiologicaland emotional changes inmale during puberty.Identify the following parts ofthe main reproductive systemwith the help of charts, models,videos computer software:a) The sexual organs, i.e.ovaries and uterus,b) The other related parts, i.e.the fallopian, vagina andcervix.Discuss the following::c) The function of the differentparts of the femalereproductive system,d) The role of sperm inreproduction,4.2Analyzing malereproductionsystem.4.3Analyzing femalereproductionsystem4.4Analyzing themenstrual cycle.A student is able to:Describe the changes in maleduring puberty.A student is able to:• identify the parts of thefemale reproductive system,• describe the function of thedifferent parts of the femalereproductive system,• state the role of ovum inreproduction,• describe the changes infemale during puberty.• Compare and contrast maleand female gametes in termsof size, numbers and mobility..152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p2821/02/11-25/02/11e) The physical, physiologicaland emotional changes inmale during pubertySimulate the differencesbetween male and femalegametes in terms of size,numbers and mobility.Discuss the following:a) Menstruation and menstrualcycle,b) The changes in the uteruswall during menstrual cycle,c) The relationship betweenthe fertile phase of themenstrual cycle andfertilization,d) The importance of personalhygiene duringmenstruationDiscuss the following with thehelp of diagrams, charts,models, videos or computersoftware:a) The location of implantationof embryo,4.4Analyzing themenstrual cycle.4.5Analyzingfertilization andpregnancy.A student is able to:• Describe the meaning ofmenstruation,• Describe the menstrual cycle,• Describe the changes in theuterus wall during menstrualcycle,• Relate the fertile phase of themenstrual cycle tofertilization,• Explain the importance ofpersonal hygiene duringmenstruation.A student is able to:Describe the fertilization inhuman,Identify the location ofimplantation of embryo152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p2928/02/11-04/03/11Discuss the following with thehelp of diagrams, charts,models, videos or computersoftware:b) The development of azygote into an embryo andsubsequently into a fetusuntil birth.Organize an exhibition of amultimedia presentation on thefollowing:a) The importance of takingnutritious food duringpregnancy,b) The effect of smoking andthe taking of certainsubstances such as drugsand alcohol on the embryoand fetus.4.5Analyzingfertilization andpregnancy.4.6Understandingthe importanceof pre-natal care.4.7Evaluatingimportance ofresearch inhumanreproduction.A student is able to:Describe the fertilization inhuman,Identify the location ofimplantation of embryo,Describe the development ofa zygote into embryo andsubsequently into a fetus untilbirth.A student is able to:state the meaning of sterility,describe ways to overcomesterility,describe the method of birthcontrol,present argument against theabuse of birth control and itseffect on the community,explain the importance ofresearch on humanreproduction.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p21007/03/11-11/03/11Centralize test 11121/03/11-25/03/11Examine flowers to identify thefollowing parts:a) Petal and sepal,b) The male part, i.e thestamen which consist of thefilament, anther and pollengrains,c) The female part, i.e. thepistil which consist of thestigma, style, ovary andovules,Use a microscope or hand lensto observe the following:a) The cross-section andlongitudinal section of anovary to identify the ovules,b) Pollen grains.Discuss the function of thefollowing:a) Flowers reproduction,b) Male reproductive path ofthe flower,c) Male reproductive path ofthe flower4.8Analyzing thesexualreproductivesystem offlowering plants.Examine flowers to identify thefollowing parts:a) Petal and sepal,b) The male part, i.e thestamen which consist of thefilament, anther and pollengrains,c) The female part, i.e. thepistil which consist of thestigma, style, ovary andovules,Use a microscope or hand lensto observe the following:a) The cross-section andlongitudinal section of anovary to identify the ovules,b) Pollen grains.Discuss the function of thefollowing:a) Flowers reproduction,b) Male reproductive path ofthe flower,c) Male reproductive path ofthe flower152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p21228/03/11-01/04/11Discuss the following with thehelp of models, charts, videosor computer software:a) Pollination,b) Types of pollination,c) Similarities and differencesof self-pollination and crosspollination,d) Advantages of crosspollination,e) Uses of cross-pollination inagriculture.Carry out an activity to study thevarious types of flowers toidentify their pollinating agents.Use a microscope to observethe development of pollen tubesin different percentage ofsucrose solution (5% - 10%)Draw annotated diagramsof the following:a) The fertilizationprocess in plats,b) The formation of fruitsand seeds.4.9Analyzingpollination.4.10Understandingthe developmentof fruits and seedin plants.A student is able to:• describe what pollination is,• relate the characteristics offlowers to their agent ofpollination,• state the type of pollination,• compare and contrast selfpollinationand crosspollination,• explain the advantages ofcross-pollination,• explain the use of crosspollinationin agriculture.A student is able to:• identify the location wherefertilization occurs in flower,• describe fertilization in plants,• describe the formation offruits and seeds.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p21304/04/11-08/04/11Dissect a seed longitudinallyand identify its structure usinghand lens or microscope.Collect and interpret data on thefollowing:a) Function of the differentparts of a seed, i.e. theembryo (radicle, plumuleand cotyledons) and testa,protected by the pericarp(fruit wall),b) Physically changes ofseeding in terms of thedevelopment of radicle,plumule and cotyledon.Carry out small groupdiscussions to:a) Identify the variablesrelated to the germination ofseeds,b) Formulates hypothesesDesign and carry outexperiments to determine theconditions required for thegermination of seeds.4.11Synthesizing theconcept ofgermination ofseeds.A student is able to• identify the structure of aseed,• explain the function of thedifferent parts of a seed,• describe the physicalchanges of seeding duringgermination,• make hypotheses on theconditions required for thegermination of seeds,• design an experiment tostudy the conditions requiredfor the germination of seeds,• carry out the experiment tostudy the conditions requiredfor the germination of seeds,• draw conclusions on theconditions required for thegermination of seeds.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p21411/04/11-15/04/11Carry out a study of thevegetative reproduction ofvarious plants in a nursery toidentify the types of vegetativereproductionDiscuss what vegetativereproduction is.Discuss the application fresearch carried out invegetative reproduction inagricultureDiscuss the following:a) Characteristics used tomeasure growth rate suchas height and weightb) Meaning of growthc) Growth pattern in male andfemaled) Effects of nutrition on thedevelopment of physicaland mental well-being ofchildren.4.12 Applicationof vegetativereproduction inflowering plants.5.1Analyzing thepattern of humangrowth.A student is able to• explain with examples themeaning of vegetativereproduction.• State the parts of the plantsthat can reproduce vegetative• Classify flowering plantsaccording to the parts thatcan reproduce vegetative• Describe the application ofresearch carried out onvegetative reproduction inagriculture.A student is able to• describe what growth is• identify the characteristicsused to measure growth rate• analyze the growth curve formale and female• compare and combinebetween the growth rate inmale and female• describe the effects ofnutrition on growth inchildren.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p2151618/04/11-22/04/1125/04/11-29/04/11Discuss what a mineral is.Collect and interpret data on thevarious types of minerals thatexist in the Earth crust:a) Natural elements, i.e. goldand silver.b) Natural compounds, i.e.oxides, carbonate, sulphideand silicates.Discuss and identify theelements in a few naturalcomponents.Carry out activities to study theFollowinga) Hardness of mineralsb) Solubility of minerals in waterc) The effect of heat on somemetal carbonates, oxides andsulphides.Brainstorm and discuss thefollowing:a) Examples of metalsb) Examples of non-metalTHEME:MATTER INNATURELEARNINGAREA 1: LANDAND ITSRESOURCES.1.1 Analyzing thevarious mineralsfound in theEarth crust.1.2Understandingthe reactionbetween metalsand non-metals.A student is able to• describe what mineral is• explain through examplesthat minerals exist in the formof natural elements or naturalcompounds• identify the elements innatural compounds• describe the properties ofminerals• write equations in words toshow the effect of heat on theminerals.A student is able to• state the examples of metalsand non-metals152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p21625/04/11-29/04/11Carry out activities to study thereaction of some metals, i.e.magnesium, aluminium, zincand iron with the following nonmetals:a) oxygenb) sulphurCollect and interpret data onsilicon compounds that exist inthe form of silica and silicate/Carry out activities to study theproperties of silica and silicateas follow:a) solubility in waterb) reaction with hydrochloricacidc) effect of heatDiscuss the uses of siliconcompounds in our daily life.1.3Understandingsiliconcompounds.1.4 Analyzingcalciumcompound.• describe the examplesbetween metals and nonmetals• write equations in words forthe reaction between metalsand non-metals• state that metals react withnon-metals in different rateA student is able to• state the examples of metalsand non-metals• describe the examplesbetween metals and nonmetals• write equations in words forthe reaction between metalsand non-metals• stet that metals react withnon-metals in different rate.A student is able to• state the different forms ofsilicon compounds.• State examples of silica.• State examples of silicate.• Relate the properties ofsilicon compounds to theirstability.• Explain through examples theuses of silicon compounds inthe daily life.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p2171802/05/11-06/05/1109/05/11-13/05/11Collect and interpret data oncalcium compound.Carry out activities to study thefollowing:a) The properties of calciumcompound in term of itsreaction with acid, solubilityin water and the effects ofheat.b) The formation of calciumoxide (quicklime) andcalcium hydroxide (slakelime)Discuss the followinga) Uses of calcium compounds,i.e. calcium carbonate,calcium oxide and calciumhydroxide.b) Properties of calciumcompounds with referenceto their uses.Access alternator visitPETROSAINS, nationalScience centre or an oilrefinery to collectinformation on the formation ofnatural fuel resources found inMalaysia.Carry out an activity to studyfractional distillation ofpetroleum.1.4 Analyzingcalciumcompound.1.5Analyzing naturalfuel resourcesand theirimportance.A student is able to• State the elements in calciumcarbonate• Identify the various form ofcalcium carbonate.• Describe the properties ofcalcium carbonate.• Write equations in words forthe reaction of calciumcarbonate.• Describe the formation ofcalcium oxide and calciumhydroxide.• Relate the properties calciumcompounds to their uses.A student is able to• list the natural fuel resources.• Explain the formation ofnatural fuel resources.• Describe the fractionaldistillation of petroleum.• Describe the characteristicsof the various fractions fromthe fractional distillation ofpetroleum.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p21809/05/11-13/05/11Discuss the followinga) Characteristics and uses ofthe various fractions ofpetroleum.b) Contribution of petroleumand natural gas industry tothe economic developmentof our country.c) Efficient ways of usingpetroleum and other naturalfuel resources.Carry out the followingactivities:a) Producing static electricalchanges in materialsthrough friction.b) Detecting state electricalchanges using an electroscope.c) Observing what happensDiscussing the following:a) What electrostatics is.types of static electricalchangesb) Types of static electricalcharges.1.5Analyzing naturalfuel resourcesand theirimportance1.1Understandingelectrostatics..• Describe the uses of thevarious fraction of petroleum.• Explain the contribution ofpetroleum and natural gasindustry to the economicdevelopment of our country.• Generate ideas on how to usenatural fuel resourceseffectively.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p21916/05/11-20/05/11c) Examples of material thatare easily charged e.g.lightning.d) Safety measures to betaken when dealing withelectrical charges e.g theuse of lighting conductor.Collect and interpret data on thesources of electrical energyused in everyday life.Carry out an activity to observethe flow of electric current usinga Van de Graff generator and agalvanometer.Discuss the following:a) electricityb) Current.c) voltage.d) resistance.Direction of current and electronflow in an electric current.1.2Understandingelectricity.A student is able to• Give examples of sources ofelectrical energy used ineveryday life.• State what electricity is.• State what voltage is.• State what resistance is.• Describe the direction ofcurrent and electron flow inan electric circuit.A student is able to• Give examples of sources ofelectrical energy used ineveryday life.• State what electricity is.• State what voltage is.• State what resistance is.• Describe the direction ofcurrent and electron flow inan electric circuit.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p22023/05/11-27/05/11Collect information and carryout a multimedia presentationon the discovery of the unit for:a) current, i.e ampere.b) voltage, i.e volt.c) resistance, i.e ohm.Examine the instruments anddiscuss its use for measuringa) current.b) voltage.Assemble an electric currentand measure its current andvoltage.Design and an experiment tostudy the following:a) Effect of the change inresistance on current.b) Effects of the change involtage on current.Discuss the following:a) Relationship betweenvoltage current andresistance.b) Ohm’s Law.Match the component found inan electric circuit to their symbol.1.3Applying theunderstanding ofmeasuringelectricity.1.4Synthesizing therelationshipbetween current,voltage andresistance.student is able to• Identify the instrument formeasuring current.• Identify the instrument formeasuring voltage.• Stet the unit for current.• State the unit for voltage.• State the unit for resistance.• Measure current in an electriccircuit.• Measure voltage in an electriccircuit.A student is able to• Design an experiment tostudy the relationshipbetween resistance andcurrent.• Carry out the experiment tostudy the relationshipbetween resistance andcurrent.• Describe the effects of thechange in resistance oncurrent.• Design an experiment tostudy the relationshipbetween voltage and current.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p22113/06/11-17/06/11Draw the following circuitdiagrams and assemble thecircuits:a) A complete circuit.b) A series circuit.c) A parallel circuit.Discuss the similarities anddifferences between a seriescircuit and a parallel circuit withthe help of illustrations.Carry out activities to studycurrent, voltage and resistancein a series circuit.Discuss the advantage anddisadvantage of a seriescircuit.1.5Synthesizing theconcept ofparallel andseries1.6Analyzingcurrent, voltageand resistance ina series circuit.A student is able to• Identify the components of anelectric circuit and theirsymbols.• Draw a diagram of acomplete circuit.• Build a complete electriccircuit.• Build a parallel circuit.• Compare and contrast thearrangement of componentsin a series circuit and aparallel circuit.A student is able to• Describe the current flowingthrough the components in aseries circuit.• Describe the voltages acrossthe components in a seriescircuit.• Describe the resistance in aseries circuit.• Explain the advantages anddisadvantages of a seriescircuit.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p22113/06/11-17/06/11Carry out activities to study thecurrent, voltage and resistancein a parallel circuit.Discuss the following:a) Advantage anddisadvantage of a parallelcircuit.b) Similarities and differencesbetween series and parallelcircuits in terms of current,voltage and resistance.Carry the following activities:a) Use iron filings to study themagnetic field of a barmagnetism.b) Use compass to plot thedirection of the magnetismfield.Discuss the following:a) Magnetic field.b) Relationship betweenmagnetic field lines andstrength of magnetic field.Study and discuss the use ofmagnet in a compass.Carry out an activity to study themagnetic field produced by astrength wire carrying electriccurrent.1.7Analyzingcurrent, voltageand resistance ina parallel circuit.1.8Understandingmagnetism.A student is able to• Describe the current flowingthrough the components in aparallel circuit.• Describe the voltage acrossthe components in a parallelcircuit.• Describe the resistance in aparallel circuit.• Explain the advantage andthe disadvantage of a parallelcircuit.• Compare and contrast aseries circuit and a parallelcircuit in terms of current,voltage and resistance.A student is able to:• Describe what a magneticfield is.• Draw the magnetic field of abar magnet.• Draw the direction of themagnetic bar.• Relate magnetic field linesand strength of magneticfield.• Explain the use of a magnetin a compass. WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p22220/06/11= 24/06/11Mid year examination2327/06/11-01/07/11Explore websites or visit apower station to collect andinterpret data on the following:a) Various type of generators,i.e thermal, hydroelectric,diesel, nuclear and gasturbine.b) Generation of electricalenergy in various types ofpower stations.c) Alternative sources ofenergy, e.g solar energyand biomass.Discuss the similarities anddifferences in the generation ofelectrical energy in varioustypes of power stations.Carry out an activity on theutilization of solar energy usingdevices such as solar box orsolar cell (photovoltaic cell).Build the simple transformerand study its physical structure.Carry out an activity to show thefunction of the simpletransformer.LEARNINGAREA 2:GENERATIONOFELECTRICITY.2.1Understandingthe generation ofelectrical energy.2.2Understandingtransformer.A student is able to:• List the various types ofgenerators.• Describe the generation ofelectrical energy in varioustypes of power station.• Compare and contrast thegeneration of electricalenergy in various types ofpower station.• Give examples of alternativesources of energy.student is able to:• Identify the different parts of atransformer.• Describe how a transformer152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p22404/07/11-08/07/11working principle of a step-uptransformer and a step-downtransformer.Discuss step-up and step-downtransformers in term of:a) Similarities and differences.b) Their uses in thetransmission and distributionof electricity.Observe a model or a chart anddiscuss the electricaltransmission and distributionsystem, which includes theNational Grid Network,transformer station, switchzone, main sub-station and itsbranches.Collect and interpret data on theNational Grid Network inMalaysia.2.2Understandingtransformer.2.3Analyzing theelectricitytransmission anddistributionsystem.works.• Compare and contrast a stepupand step-downtransformer.• Describe the roles oftransformer in thetransmission and distributionof electricity.A student is able to• Arrange in order thecomponents in the electricitytransmission and distributionsystem.• Describe the functions of thecomponents in the electricitytransmission and distributionsystem.• Describe how electricity istransmitted and distributedfrom power station toconsumers.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p22511/07/11-25/07/11Collect and interpret data onelectrical energy supply athome. Study and discuss the following:a) Electrical wiring system ofhome including fuse box,meters switch, circuitbreaker, live wire neuralwire, earth wire and electricmeter.b) International colour code.Carry out an activity toa) Study the structure anddesign of a 3-pin plug.b) Complete the wiring of 3-pinplug.Examine various homeappliances to collect andinterpret data on the power,voltage and current rating.Examine various homeappliances to collect andinterpret data on the power,voltage and current rating.Calculate the amount of currentflowing through home electricalappliance.Discuss the relationshipbetween electrical energyusage, power and time.2.4Understandingthe electrical supply and wiringsystem at home2.5Analyzing thecost of electricalenergy usageA student is able to• State the value of the mainvoltage.• State the type of current.• Identify the type of electriccurrent supplied to homes.• State the type of electricwiring.• Identify the parts in anelectrical wiring system.• Describe the function of theparts of an electrical wiringsystem.• Describe the wiring in a 3-pinplug.A student is able to• State the power and voltagerating of home electricalappliances• Calculate the amount ofcurrent flowing through anelectrical appliance.• Recall the relationshipbetween electrical energyusage, power and time.• Solve problem by calculating the coast of electricity used.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p22618/07/11-22/07/11Discuss the following:a) Type of fuses.b) Ratings of fusesc) Function of fuse in electricalwiring system.d) The role of earth wire inelectrical wiring system.Carry out an activity to study theoccurrence of a short circuit,Carry out activities to determinethe suitable ratings of fuses fordifferent electrical appliances.Collect and interpret data on thefollowing:a) Causes of electrical accidentsb) Steps to be taken if electricalaccidents occur.c) Safety features at home toprevent electrical accidents.Discuss the need to take safetyprecautions when usingelectricity2.6Understandingthe functions offuse and earthwire.2.7Evaluating theimportance ofsafety precautionin the use ofelectricity.A student is able to• Identify the types of fuses.• State the rating of fuses.• Determine the function offuse in electrical wiringsystem.• Determine the suitable ratingof a fuse for an electricalappliance.• Describe the role of earthwire in electrical wiringsystem.A student is able to• State the safety measures tobe taken when usingelectricity.• Describe the steps to betaken when accidentsinvolving electricity occur.• Justify the need for havingsafety precaution and safetyfeatures at home to prevent electrical accidents.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p22725/07/11-29/07/11Collect and interpret data aboutactivities that cause electricitywastage.Discuss the ways to conserveelectricity.Discuss and justify the needsfor conserving electricity.Brainstorm the problems facedby the country if there was astorage of electricity,Collect and interpret data on thefollowing:a) Characteristics of the Sun,i.e. size, mass, densityrelative to the Earth andsurface temperature.b) Structures of the Sun, i.e. thecorona, chromosphere andphotosphere.c) Phenomena occurring at thesurface of the sun, i.e.prominences, flares andsunspots.d) Effect of the phenomena onthe surface of the Sun onearth.e) Generation of energy by theSun.2.8Evaluating theimportance ofconservingelectricity.THEME:ASTRONOMYAND SPACEEXPLORATIONLEARNINGAREA 1: STARSAND GALAXIES1.1Analyzing theSun.A student is able to• Identify the activities thatcause electricity wastage.• Describe ways to conserveelectricity.• Justify the needs forconserving electricity.• Predict problems our countrywould face if there was ashortage of electricity.A student is able to• Describe the characteristicsof the Sun.• Identify the structures of theSun.• Identify the phenomenaoccurring on the surface ofthe Sun.• Explain the effects of thephenomena on the surface ofthe Sun on the Earth.• State how energy isgenerated by the Sun.152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p22725/07/11-29/07/11Discuss the following:a) the definition of starb) the Sun as a star.Visit the National Planetarium orNational Science Center tocollect and interpret data on thefollowing:a) Bright star as the Sirlus andRigel.b) The Sun as a star.c) Various types of stars basedon temperature, size andbrightness.d) Formation of stars.e) Death of stars leaving behindthe white dwarf, neutron starand the black hold.f) Types of galaxies, i.e.elliptical, spiral and irregular.g) The Milky Way.h) The Universe.Take part in star gazingactivities.1.2Understandingthe stars and thegalaxies in theUniverse.A student is able to• Define what a star is.• Identify the Sun as a star.• Identify the bright stars in thesky.• Compare and contrast thestars based on certaincharacteristics.• Describe the formation ofstars.• Describe the death of stars.• State the types of galaxies.• Describe the Milky way.• Describe the Universe.• State the position of the SolarSystem in the Universe152 WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p22801/08/11-05/08/11View computer software orvideos to gather informationabout the topics in this learningarea.Write a poem or haiku about theuniqueness, orderliness, beautyand harmony of the Universe asa sign of the glory of God.Discuss the following:a) The expense of the Universe.b) All the exists in the Universeis not permanent.c) The importance of the thinand the Moon to life on Earth.1.3Thankful for theexistence of theUniverse as a giftfrom god.A student is able to• Appreciate the uniqueness,orderliness, beauty andharmony in the Universe as asign of the glory of God.• Describe the expense of theUniverse compared to Earth.• State that all that exists in theUniverse is not permanent.• Explain the importance of theSun and the Moon to life inEarth.1522908/08/11-12/08/11REVISION , EXERCISES, CLINIC3015/08/11-19/08/11REVISION , EXERCISES, CLINIC3122/08/11- 28/08/11REVISION , EXERCISES, CLINIC WEEKDATESuggested Learning ActivitiesLEARNING OBJECTIVELearning Outcomes EXERCISE p1p23205/09/1109/09/11PMR TRIAL EXAMINATION3312/09/1116/09/11POSTMORTEM , EXERCISES, CLINIC3419/09/1123/09/11REVISION , EXERCISES, CLINIC3526/09/1130/09/11REVISION , EXERCISES, CLINIC3603/10/1107/10/11PMR3710/10/1114/10/11PASCA PMR3817/10/1121/10/11PASCA PMR3924/10/1128/10/11PASCA PMR4031/10/1104/11/11PASCA PMR4107/11/1111/11/11PASCA PMR4214/11/1118/11/11PASCA PMRHOLIDAY

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