1200-1532 A.D

Located in the Andes Mountains of South America West Coast of South American in Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Chile, and Argentina Climate ranges from dry to snowy to hot jungle Founded by Pacachuti

Located in the Andes Mountains of South America

West Coast of South American in Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Chile, and Argentina

Climate ranges from dry to snowy to hot jungle

Founded by Pacachuti

Capital city was Cuzco Administrative center Temple of the Sun- inside walls made of gold & perfectly cut stones Machu Picchu the “Lost City of the Incas”

Capital city was Cuzco

Administrative center

Temple of the Sun- inside walls made of gold & perfectly cut stones

Machu Picchu the “Lost City of the Incas”

Ruled by an Emperor called the Sapa Inca and had absolute control Divine – the son of the sun Chief religious leader Gold was his symbol and the “sweat of the sun” The Queen was called the Coya Performed religious functions Served in absence of Sapa Inca

Ruled by an Emperor called the Sapa Inca and had absolute control

Divine – the son of the sun

Chief religious leader

Gold was his symbol and the “sweat of the sun”

The Queen was called the Coya

Performed religious functions

Served in absence of Sapa Inca

Officials collected taxes and enforced laws Kept records on a quipu, which were knotted strings

Officials collected taxes and enforced laws

Kept records on a quipu, which were knotted strings

Imposed Quechua language and religion on conquered people Great system of roads adopted from the Mochia Let armies and news travel rapidly Cut into mountains and had many bridges Ordinary people could not use the roads Roads united large empire

Imposed Quechua language and religion on conquered people

Great system of roads adopted from the Mochia

Let armies and news travel rapidly

Cut into mountains and had many bridges

Ordinary people could not use the roads

Roads united large empire

Bridge

People lived in close-knit communities called ayllus One leader carried out government orders, assigned jobs and organized work Regulated society by arranging marriages to make sure men and women settled down People conquered by the Incans were put into Incan army

People lived in close-knit communities called ayllus

One leader carried out government orders, assigned jobs and organized work

Regulated society by arranging marriages to make sure men and women settled down

People conquered by the Incans were put into Incan army

Farming Created terraces in mountains to farm on secured by stone walls Farmers spent part of year working land for emperor Grew corn, potatoes, cotton, squash, and beans Government gave part of harvest to people and stored the rest

Farming

Created terraces in mountains to farm on secured by stone walls

Farmers spent part of year working land for emperor

Grew corn, potatoes, cotton, squash, and beans

Government gave part of harvest to people and stored the rest

Trade Traded new world vegetables and gold work Speculation that Inca traded in open air markets Domesticated the llama and the alpaca

Trade

Traded new world vegetables and gold work

Speculation that Inca traded in open air markets

Domesticated the llama and the alpaca

Polytheistic Part of everyday life, every month had a festival Chief god was Inti, the Sun God Chosen Women dedicated their lives to serving the sun god

Polytheistic

Part of everyday life, every month had a festival

Chief god was Inti, the Sun God

Chosen Women dedicated their lives to serving the sun god

Servants on earth of the Sun God, Inti Specially chosen as girls, trained, and housed near the temple After training, either married a noble, served the royal family, or become one of the Chosen Women Made the clothes of the Sapa Inca and Coya since Sapa Inca could not wear the same clothes twice

Servants on earth of the Sun God, Inti

Specially chosen as girls, trained, and housed near the temple

After training, either married a noble, served the royal family, or become one of the Chosen Women

Made the clothes of the Sapa Inca and Coya since Sapa Inca could not wear the same clothes twice

Involved mainly children Happened around an important event Could only be perfect children Held a feast, took them to the top of a mountain, gave them something to intoxicate them Were either strangled, hit on the head, or left to die of exposure

Involved mainly children

Happened around an important event

Could only be perfect children

Held a feast, took them to the top of a mountain, gave them something to intoxicate them

Were either strangled, hit on the head, or left to die of exposure

Incas had no system of writing Calendar of 15 months, each with 3 weeks of 10 days Quipu measurement Advanced medicine- antiseptics and skull surgery Gold and silver works

Incas had no system of writing

Calendar of 15 months, each with 3 weeks of 10 days

Quipu measurement

Advanced medicine- antiseptics and skull surgery

Gold and silver works

1525 A.D.- Sapa Inca Huayna Capac died of plague No successor leads to civil war, weakening the empire 1531 A.D.- Spanish led by Francisco Pizzaro conquered the Inca empire

1525 A.D.- Sapa Inca Huayna Capac died of plague

No successor leads to civil war, weakening the empire

1531 A.D.- Spanish led by Francisco Pizzaro conquered the Inca empire