Via Christi Women's Connection: What is stroke?

Explaining Strokewww.viachristi.org/strokewww.viachristi.org/survivestroke

Objectives  Definition of a stroke  Act F.A.S.T.by recognizing & responding to the signs of stroke.  Treatment for stroke  Primary and secondary stroke prevention2

Stroke Facts  3rd leading cause of death in the U.S.  4th leading cause of death in Kansas  One stroke occurs every 40 seconds  Leading cause of disability in the U.S  80% of stroke are preventable by reducing your risk.  Anyone can have a stroke3

Women & Stroke Facts  Kills twice as many women every year than breast cancer.  More women than men die from stroke  Women suffer greater disability than men after a stroke4

Even Celebrities have strokes  Leonardo di Vinci  Gene Kelly  Johann Sebastian Bach  Kirk Douglas  Charles Dickens  Zsa Zsa Gabor  Groucho Marx  Barry White  Al Capone  Luther Vandross  Grace Kelly  Sharon Stone  Betty Davis  Bret Michaels  Lucille Ball  Teddy Bruschi5

What is a stroke?  A stroke occurs when the blood flow to part of the brain suddenly stops due to a blocked or burst blood vessel.  When the blood stops, oxygen cannot circulate to that area of the brain and may cause part of the brain to die.6

Types of Stroke - Ischemic Blockage in an artery 1. Embolic ♦ Blood clot or plaque forms in the body and travels through the blood stream to the brain. 2. Thrombotic ♦ Fatty deposits develop in the lining of the blood vessel wall which narrows the blood vessel.7

Types of Stroke - Hemorrhagic Weakened blood vessel breaks & bleeding occurs in the brain.1. Intracerebral Hemorrhage ♦ Burst blood vessel bleeds into the brain, causing brain cell to die.2. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ♦ Blood vessel bursts near the surface of the brain causing blood to pour into the area around the outside of the brain. Bleeding causes pressure and leads to injured brain cells. (Usually a result8 of an aneurysm)

Transient Ischemic Attach (TIA)  “Mini stroke”  Just like a stroke, only it lasts for a very short time (minutes to hours)  Leaves no permanent damage  Warning sign of a future stroke ♦ Up to 40% will have a future stroke9

Stroke Symptoms – “Suddens” Any sudden:  Numbness of the face, arm, or leg  Confusion, trouble speaking or understanding  Trouble seeing in one or both eyes  Trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination  Severe headache10

Act F.A.S.T.11

Treatments – Ischemic Stroke (clot) Clot busting medication (tPA)  Should be given within 3-4.5 hours of the time they were last known well without symptoms. Time Lost is Brain Lost Every minute 2 million brain cells die.12

Treatments – Ischemic Stroke (clot) Clot Removal Devices Before After13

Treatments – Hemorrhagic Stroke Clipping Coiling14

Controllable Risk Factors  High blood pressure  High blood cholesterol ♦ #1 cause of stroke ♦ Increases risk of clogged ♦ > 140/90 is too high arteries  Tobacco use ♦ > 240 is too high ♦ Nicotine and carbon monoxide  Physical inactivity & obesity damages blood vessels ♦ Increases risk of cardiovascular ♦ Doubles risk for stroke disease  Diabetes  Atrial fibrillation & heart ♦ Leads to disease of blood disease vessels in the brain. ♦ Irregular heart beats and  Alcohol incomplete emptying of the heart can allow blood to pool ♦ Raises blood pressure and clot. ♦ Limit to one/day ♦ Binge drinking can lead to stroke15

Uncontrollable Risk Factors …  Age  Autoimmune Disorders – ♦ Risk doubles every decade after ♦ (such as Lupus) increase the risk the age of 55 (although can of stroke. happen to anyone)  Race  Clotting Disorders – ♦ African American twice the risk ♦ (such as: thrombophilia, Protiein C compared to Caucasians. deficiency, Factor V Leiden, Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), ♦ Hispanic and Asian higher risk etc.) than Caucasians.  Previous stroke or TIA  Family History – ♦ Your risk of stroke is higher if your parent, grandparent, sister,16 or brother has had a stroke

Uncontrollable Risk Factors Cont.  Hole in the heart (PFO) ♦ Patent Foramen Ovale ♦ 1 in 5 have ♦ All people are born with flap-like openings in their hearts and the opening usually closes by itself shortly after birth. In some people, an open flap remains in the heart. ♦ This opening can allow a blood clot to travel through the flap and to the brain, causing a stroke.17

Closing  Know your risk factors (>80% of strokes are preventable)  Know the signs of stroke  Dial 911 www.viachristi.org/stroke18

Via Christi Stroke Trends by Age % Increase Total Strokes 2007-2011 by Age 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 5.1% 3.0% 4.3% 0.0% 5-14 15-34 -2.0% 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85-94 -4.0% 95 > -6.0% -8.5% -8.0% -10.0%19

Via Christi Stroke Trends20

Bibliography stroke.org heart.org21

Via Christi Women's Connection: What is stroke?

by Via Christi Health on May 07, 2012

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Via Christi Women’s Connection: What is stroke? Presentation Transcript