1.3 Evolution Of Sustainability Within Design Vezzoli 07 08 (28.10.08)

carlo vezzoli politecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . faculty of design . Italy Learning Network on Sustainability course System Design for Sustainability subject 1. Sustainable development and design: the reference framework learning resource 1.3 Evolution of sustainability within design

CONTENTS Low impact environmental impact materials/energies Product life cycle design/ecodesign LCD: environmental criteria/guidelines Eco-efficient (product-service) system design Design for social equity and cohesion Design for Sustainability: state of the art

4. design for social equity and cohesion

EVOLUTION OF SUSTAINABILITY WITHIN DESIGN 2. product life cycle design /ecodesign 3. eco-efficient (product-service) system design 1. low impact environmental impact materials/energies

1. LOW ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MATERIALS/ENERGIES

. NON-TOXIC . “NATURAL” . RECYCLABLE . RENEWABLE . BIO-DEGRADABLE

2. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE DESIGN (ECODESIGN)

an extended design horizon from product design to the design of the product life cycle stages the design “reference” from product design to product’s “ function ” design

LIFE CYCLE APPROACH use service manufac . assemb . finish collection resource’s achieving mater. energy produc. package trasp. storage USE PRODUCTION DISPOSING PREPRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION landfill incineration composting recycling reuse comp. reuse remanufactoring biosphere geosphere other product’s life cycle

FUNCTIONAL APPROACH

IS NOT THE PRODUCT TO BE DESIGNED ( ASSESSED ) BUT, THE WHOLE OF THE PROCESSES ASSOCIATED WITH THE FULFILLEMENT OF A GIVEN FUNCTION

LCD: ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA /GUIDELINES

RESOURCES MINIMISATION LOW IMPACT RESOURCES SELECTION PRODUCT LIFE OPTIMISATION MATERIAL LIFE EXTENSION DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY … more in lecture 2

FROM PRODUCT INNOVATION ( FUNCTION )

TO SYSTEM INNOVATION (PARTICOLAR DEMAND “ SATISFACTION ” )

… BUT SUSTAINABILITY ASK FOR RADICAL INNOVATIONS

3. SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICENCY

A DEFINITION OF (PRDUCT-SERVICE) SYSTEM INNOVATION “ the result of an innovation strategy, shifting the business focus from designing and selling physical products only, to designing selling a system of products and services which are jointly capable of fulfilling specific client demands (satisfactions).” “ system innovation can lead, throughout innovative stakeholders’ interactions , to system eco-efficiency.” free pdf at: http://www.unep.fr/scp/publications/details.asp?id=WEB/0081/PA

AN EXAMPLE OF

ECO-EFFICENT SYSTEM INNOVATION

ARISTON + ENEL : PAY-PER-USE

payment is based on number of washes and includes: delivery of a washing machine at home ( not owned ), electricity supply ( not directly paid ), maintenance, up-grading and end-of-life collection.

the innovative interaction between the two companies and the client, make the companies’ interest to design and provide (and design) high efficient, long lasting, reusable and recyclable washing machines

(PRODUCT-SERVICE) SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

WIN-WIN SOLUTION:

IS THE COMPANY/COMPANIES’ ECONOMIC AND COMPETITIVE INTEREST THAT LEAD TOWARDS INNOVATIONS THAT REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

“ SATISFACTION-BASED” DESIGN APPROACH

IS NOT A SINGLE PRODUCT TO BE DESIGNED ( ASSESSED ) BUT, THE WHOLE OF THE PROCESSES OF ALL OF THE PRODUCTS AND SERVICES ASSOCIATED WITH THE FULFILLEMENT OF A PARTICULAR DEMAND OF NEEDS AND DESIRES SATISFACTION

- design an integrated system of products and services fulfilling a particular demand for “satisfaction”

- promote/facilitate new socio-economic stakeholder interactions/partnerships

- promote/facilitate participated design between different stakeholders

- ORIENTATE THE ABOVE PROCESSES TOWARDS AN ECO-EFFICIENT SOLUTION

… introducing system inn. in design for eco-efficiency ... REQUIRES NEW (STRATEGIC) DESIGN SKILLS: … more in lecture 3, 5

few are the methods/tools for system design and its orientation towards eco-efficient solutions METHODS AND TOOLS FOR SDEE [e.g. EU RESEARCHES: MEPSS, HiCS, SUSHOUSE]

… SOME SDEE TOOLS… www.mepss-sdo.polimi.it Sustainability system Design-Orienting (SDO) toolkit Stakeholder System Map Interaction story board

where various forms of social inequality are directly addressed in the design process [and not indirectly as a potential result of a radical resources reduction, in industrialized contexts] 4. DESIGN FOR SOCIAL EQUITY

“ a system innovation ( approach) may act as a business opportunity to facilitate the process of a social-economical development in an emerging context - by jumping over the stage characterised by individual consumption/ownership of mass produced goods - towards a “satisfaction-based” and “low resource-intensity” advanced service-economy, characterized by the development of local-based and network-structured enterprises and initiatives, for a sustainable re-globalisation process aiming at a democratisation of access to resources, goods and services”. LENS design research working hypothesis [based on UNEP, 2002]: … more in lecture 4, 5

low impact mat./energies product LCD design for social equity eco-efficient system design widening of the “subject” to be designed (education and practice) 0% dissemination 100% 0% consolidation 100% (research achievements) … aim at new research frontier …