The ICNP-BaT
A Multilingual Web-based Tool to
Support the Collaborative Translation of the
International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®)
Ulrich Schrader - University of Applied Sciences Frankfurt, Germany
Rudolf Widmer - SBK - IG PflegeInformatik, Switzerland
Peter Tackenberg - DBfK, Germany
Lucien Portenier - SBK - ASI, Switzerland
Peter König - ICN Accredited Research & Development Centre, Germany

Content
• ICNP®
• Traditional translation
by aeminphilly
• Web 2.0 translation
• The ICNP BaT
• Next steps
• Conclusion
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

International Classification for Nursing
Practice (ICNP®)
• Terminology system of the International Council of Nurses (ICN)
• Compositional terminology
• Represents nursing diagnoses, nursing interventions and
nursing outcomes
• About 1600 terms
• Published in English
• Translation absolutely necessary for adoption
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

Traditional
Translation
by neilsphotoalbum
• Translation phase (typical approach)
– divide work into parts
– translators work on their parts
– put together the different parts
– consolidate the work
• Evaluation phase (delphi approach)
– send out questionnaire
– compile results
– send out results and new questionnaire
– …
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

Challenges for German Translation
• Volunteer work
• Previous translation of ICNP® Beta Version
– Time consuming
– Overhead in compilation, coordination, and communication
• Regional differences → Synonyms
– Switzerland, Austria, Germany
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

Collaborative Translation by Using
Web 2.0 Services
• ICNP BaT - Browser and Translation Tool
– Web-Application to facilitate translation and evaluation
• Wiki
– Translation guidelines
– General resources for translation work
– Information about the ICNP BaT
• Wish list
• Change notes
• Bug list
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

Web 2.0 Translation
ICNP BaT
• Translations phase
– One body of translations
– accessible over the web
– always visible by every translator
– Every translator can add, edit, delete own translations
– Multiple translations for one term possible (synonyms)
– Everyone can comment on all translations
• No compilation, coordination, or distribution of translations
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

Web 2.0 Translation
ICNP BaT
• Evaluation phase (1)
– One body of translations and evaluations
– accessible over the web
– always visible by every evaluator
– every evaluator can see the aggregated results of
the evaluations done by other evaluators
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

Web 2.0 Translation
ICNP BaT
• Evaluators vote on each translation
Translation
– should be a preferred term,
– should be a synomym,
– requires further translation work,
– should be considered to be deleted,
– ICNP-term can not be translated.
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

Web 2.0 Translation
ICNP BaT
• Evaluators evaluate each translation
– Translation has the same meaning as the original ICNP-term.
– Translation has a narrower meaning as the original ICNP-term.
– Translation has a broader meaning as the original ICNP-term.
– Translating requires more than one translation due to regional differences.
– Differences between the meaning of two or more original ICNP-terms are
lost during the translation process.
– ICNP-term can be translated, but the meaning is different in the target
language.
– ICNP-term can not be translated. The target language does not have such
a concept.
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

The ICNP BaT
ICNP Browser and Translation
• Realization
– PHP, MySQL
• Minimal requirements on user's side
– Browser (tested for IE, Firefox, and Flock)
– Cookies enabled (access control)
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

User Interface
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

Integrated Languages
German
French
Norwegian
Slovenian
Italian
…
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

Next steps
by sindesign
• Conversion to Unicode character set
• Easy localization of user interface
• Refactoring
• Import-function to add new languages
• XML-compatible export-function
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

Conclusion
• Translation is faster
– About 13.500 translations in the system
• Reduction of redundant translation work and overhead
• Translation process is transparent
• Comments allow for discussions
– possibility for misunderstandings
• Evaluation process realized, but all languages in translation
phase still - no experiences so far
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences

… und where can I find
more information?
Just google or go to
http://www.ulrich-schrader.de
Thank you!
by Stephen Downes
Ulrich Schrader, FH Frankfurt am Main – University of Applied Sciences