JGGUG
Grails/Groovy 3
NTT
2009/9/25

NTT
Gr
Grails
JavaWorld Groovy (2004)
Twitter: uehaj
Slide# 2 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

Groovy
Groovy
Java
(Groovy Web Console)
3
Slide# JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

( )
( , )
( )
( )
Slide# 4 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

Groovy
X Y Z
Z(Y(X)) … ←
X.Y().Z() … →
: Groovy
× println(each(sort(grep({it%2=0},[1,3,2]))))
○ [1,3,2].grep{it%2==0}.sort().each{println it}
Slide# 5 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

each/reverseEach/ collect
eachWithIndex/ find/findAll
grep/max/min
reverse/push/pop/join any/every
contains/in/groupBy
flatten/intersect/disjoint
each/keySet/entrySet/
values combinations/
transpose
Slide# 6 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
ArrayList
println([1,2,3].class)
=>java.util.ArrayList
as :
[1,2,3] as Set // Set
[1,2,3] as LinkedList // LinkedList
[1,2,3].asImmutable() //
Slide# 7 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
LinkedHashMap
println([a:1,b:2,c:3].getClass())
=>java.util.LinkedHashMap
Map m = [a:1, b:2, c:3]
assert m.get(’a’) == 1 //
assert m[’a’] == 1 //
assert m.a == 1 //
Slide# 8 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

map.get(key)
map.put(key, Java
value)
map[’a’]
map[key]
map.a
map.”$key” GString
Slide# 9 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

, ,
class City cities
class City {
def name;
def country;
long population;
}
cities = [
new City(" "," ",35676000),
new City(" "," ",19040000),
new City(" = ","
:
Slide# 10 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

( )
/
≒ Java
Closure
println {->}.class
==> groovy.lang.Closure
Slide# 11 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

{-> ..}
( )
{-> println ”ABC” }
==>
.call()
{->println ”ABC” }.call()
==> ABC
Slide# 12 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script
result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result ==
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10)
result *= 2
}
assert result ==
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == }
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == }
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == }
{
result *= 2
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == Integer#times }
{
result *= 2
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == Integer#times }
{ (call)
result *= 2
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == Integer#times }
{ (call)
(call)
result *= 2
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == Integer#times }
{ (call)
(call)
result *= 2 (call)
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2 (result)
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == Integer#times }
{ (call)
(call)
result *= 2 (call)
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
import javax.swing.*
import java.awt.event.*
f = new JFrame(size:[200, 100])
title = "hello"
b = new JButton(title)
b.addActionListener({println title} as ActionListener)
f.contentPane.add(b)
f.show()
as
1 implements
key,
value
Slide# 14 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

ExpandoMetaClass
( )
DSL
:
Slide# 15 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

?
Slide# 16 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

?
Slide# 16 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

: ==~ =~
String.replaceAll( )
:/ /
( ) GString $
”ABCDE”
’ABCDE’
/ABCDE/
Slide# 17 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
String#replaceAll(String, Closure)
"abcDefGhi".replaceAll(/([a-z])([A-Z])/) {fullMatch, g1, g2->
g1 + '_' + g2.toLowerCase()
}
==> "abc_def_ghi"
Java String#replaceAll(String, String) OK($1,$2 )
Slide# 18 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

final
:
Slide# 19 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

: java.lang.String
final
String
String
Slide# 20 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

tr ( )
String#tr()
String.metaClass.tr = {from,to ->
def result = delegate
from.eachWithIndex{it,idx->
result = result.replaceAll(it, to.getAt(idx))
}
result
}
println "abcdef 123".tr("abc ","xyz ")
//==> "xyzdef 123"
Slide# 21 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

:
java.lang.String
Slide# 22 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

'ls'.metaClass.exec = { new File(".").eachFile{println it} }
'pwd'.metaClass.exec = { println new File(".").absolutePath }
'env'.metaClass.exec = {
System.getenv().each{k,v->println "$k=$v" }
}
System.in.eachLine {
it.intern().exec()
}
→
: String#intern()
Slide# 23 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

Groovy ( 1)
groovyc
Groovy
groovyc jad( )
groovyc jad Java
Groovy 1.6.x
Slide# 24 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

Groovy ( 2)
GDK
DGM DefaultGroovyMethods.java(
DefaultGroovyStaticMethods)
<GROOVY_SRC>/src/main/org/codehaus/groovy/
runtime/DefaultGroovyMethods.java
Groovy
ant -Dskiptests=true
GROOVY_HOME
<GROOVY_SRC>/target/install
Slide# 25 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

Groovy ( )
Grape(Groovy 1.6-,)
Jar (
)
import @Grab(‘group:mod:ver’) (1.7)
Power Assert(1.7beta1-)
assert
a=5; assert a+Math.max(a+1, 5)+2==12
==>
Assertion failed:
assert a+Math.max(a+1, 5)+2==12
|| | || | |
|11 6 |6 | false
5 5 13
at Script1.run(Script1.groovy:2)
Slide# 26 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

Groovy
DB (GroovySql)
(SimpleTemplate)
XML (XmlSlurper,
XmlParser)
Slide# 27 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25