The netcrowds and the forms of the collective intelligence on the Internet University of Jyväskylä tmc09-jyu 26.3.2009 Kari A. Hintikka

Shortly about the speaker Kari A. Hintikka making PhD in University of Jyväskylä: the netcrocds aka collective intelligence on the net researcher of networks and faction book writer newest book: participatory economy (2008) (free pdf, in Finnish) previous book: Web 2.0 (2007) (free pdf, in Finnish) analyst, senior foresighter columnist of MikroBitti -magazine The Netcrowds -blog: http://netcrowds.wordpress.com/ a member of The Research Swarm: http://tutkimus.parvi.fi/

Kari A. Hintikka

making PhD in University of Jyväskylä: the netcrocds aka collective intelligence on the net

researcher of networks and faction book writer

newest book: participatory economy (2008) (free pdf, in Finnish)

previous book: Web 2.0 (2007) (free pdf, in Finnish)

analyst, senior foresighter

columnist of MikroBitti -magazine

The Netcrowds -blog: http://netcrowds.wordpress.com/

a member of The Research Swarm: http://tutkimus.parvi.fi/

Idea of the presentation Introduction and example: del.icio.us Some basics of Web 2.0 A typology of problem solving Crowdsourcing - case Lego The Wisdom of Crowds Prediction markets Net detectives The Research Swarm

Introduction and example: del.icio.us

Some basics of Web 2.0

A typology of problem solving

Crowdsourcing - case Lego

The Wisdom of Crowds

Prediction markets

Net detectives

The Research Swarm

With the Internet, the economical value of the information is leaping to zero a news is a new only a moment nowadays it spreads within minutes via mass media and blogosphere almost all kind of information can get for free important are: personal networks for filtering collective production and sharing, like blogs and micro channels of the internet RSS feeds almost everyone can participate the internet has changed from ”pages” to continuous stream 24/7/365 the professions of journalist of librarians are not disappearing but fokusing in new ways not everybody needs to find same information again and again - the efficiency

a news is a new only a moment nowadays

it spreads within minutes via mass media and blogosphere

almost all kind of information can get for free

important are:

personal networks for filtering

collective production and sharing, like blogs and micro channels of the internet

RSS feeds

almost everyone can participate

the internet has changed from ”pages” to continuous stream 24/7/365

the professions of journalist of librarians are not disappearing but fokusing in new ways

not everybody needs to find same information again and again - the efficiency

An introduction: del.icio.us simple idea but very powerful solution people share their www bookmarks on the same www service people use folksonomy tags at their will instead of taksonomy one can follow what others have found friends tag filtering people can send links to each other (by knowing what others like) deli-links can be shared allaround the net with RSS feeds

simple idea but very powerful solution

people share their www bookmarks on the same www service

people use folksonomy tags at their will instead of taksonomy

one can follow what others have found

friends

tag filtering

people can send links to each other (by knowing what others like)

deli-links can be shared allaround the net with RSS feeds

A) Ancient method: people report from conference and seminars realtime Traditional model at capturing slide at conference Speaker Listener user 1 user 2 user 3 Takes snapshot of Powerpoint slide(s) Sends snapshots realtime to organization Internal distribution on intranet, email, mobiles etc.

A) Feedworld model - people report from conference and seminars realtime Speaker Listener 2 Listener 3 Listener 1 micro- blogging, sms Jaiku, Twitter blogging, laptop & wlan blog Feed aggregator like Feedburner Listener 4 video, mobile YouTube Flickr images, mobile Podcasting (audio) (depends on situation) microchannels user 1 user 2 user 3 user 1 user 2 user 3 user 1 user 2 user 3 user 1 user 2 user 3 user 1 user 2 user 3

A) Feedback model - users comment conference and seminars realtime Speaker Listener 2 micro- blogging, sms, wlan Jaiku, Twitter RSS Feed from Jaiku, Twitter with microchannels like Jaiku, readers can ask comments via commentator answers of speaker is channeled again user 1 user 2 user 3 user 2 user 3 user 1

B) Feedworld model - people report from synthetic worlds realtime Speaker in Second Life Listener 2 Listener 3 Listener 1 micro- blogging Jaiku, Twitter blogging, laptop & wlan Feed aggregator like Feedburner Listener 4 Skype, podcast YouTube Other secondlifers user 1 user 2 user 3 user 1 user 2 user 3 user 1 user 2 user 3 user 1 user 2 user 3

Original meme map of Web 2.0 buzz word

Web 2.0 - three main areas New business models Internet as platform Networks and content sharing

Web 2.0 - evolution paths New business models Internet as platform Networks and content sharing The Long Tail Mashup Collective intelligence Rating Blogosphere AJAX Perpetual beta Synthetic goods Social media Rich user experiment Service, not application Prosumers Platform enabler

Web 2.0 - success examples New business models Internet as platform Networks and content sharing The Long Tail Mashup Collective intelligence Rating Blogosphere AJAX Perpetual beta Synthetic goods Social media Rich user experiment Service, not application Prosumers Platform enabler Google Docs Flickr, Youtube Amazon Lego Digg Habbo, WoW, Second Life Prediction markets Open Source Technorati

Briefing about the social media mixing, creation and distribution of content and social elements user-created content: images, videos, text, music, tags, extensions etc. the wisdom of crowds and rating: Digg, Del.icio.us, Slashdot etc. collective content creation: Wikipedia, open source social networks: Facebook, MySpace etc. mixup all of this: blogosphere, mashups etc.

mixing, creation and distribution of content and social elements

user-created content: images, videos, text, music, tags, extensions etc.

the wisdom of crowds and rating: Digg, Del.icio.us, Slashdot etc.

collective content creation: Wikipedia, open source

social networks: Facebook, MySpace etc.

mixup all of this: blogosphere, mashups etc.

The user model of Flickr Copyright soldierant.net 2005

About the role of the Internet for associations and movements Martti Siisiäinen (2002) has suggested ” new tehcniques and innovations will totally change work-intensive model nowadays to network-intensive model ” In network-intensive organisation and mobilisation model one - only 1 person - can make serious actions and campaigns, from participation to activism, mostly with just the Net tools - email, www-adresses, Facebook groups & so. ” The Net itself is repertoire of means, publicity sphere and form of organisation and also the place of actions, opponents and supporters ” (for example Lappalainen 2005, Hintikka 2008).

Martti Siisiäinen (2002) has suggested

” new tehcniques and innovations will totally change work-intensive model nowadays to network-intensive model ”

In network-intensive organisation and mobilisation model one - only 1 person - can make serious actions and campaigns, from participation to activism, mostly with just the Net tools - email, www-adresses, Facebook groups & so.

” The Net itself is repertoire of means, publicity sphere and form of organisation and also the place of actions, opponents and supporters ” (for example Lappalainen 2005, Hintikka 2008).

Collective citizen media, examples OhmyNews, South Korea common citizens make 80 procent of the www news claimed to influence critically to the election of the president in 2002 Nopola News in Kyyjärvi, Finland local and rural area with 1600 inhabitants 5 - 10 % of the inhabitants are editors replaced de facto all the traditional media people in Kyyjärvi teach themselves ( peer education ) to use the Net Nopola News has created local and physical identity and community in physical world

OhmyNews, South Korea

common citizens make 80 procent of the www news

claimed to influence critically to the election of the president in 2002

Nopola News in Kyyjärvi, Finland

local and rural area with 1600 inhabitants

5 - 10 % of the inhabitants are editors

replaced de facto all the traditional media

people in Kyyjärvi teach themselves ( peer education ) to use the Net

Nopola News has created local and physical identity and community in physical world

Porkkanamafia aka Carrotmob Finland spread very quickly in Finland after original video summer 2008 http://www.vimeo.com/925729 consumer movement, which does not *protest* anything instead, it asks bids from companies - like restaurants - to improve environmental - specially climate change - aspects in companys own daily actions the best bid wins and (hopefully) a hordes of common consumers will consume the that winner shop in one specific day started as a Facebook group and IRL meeting once in a week wiki, blog, mailing lists, Ning, Jaiku microchannel etc.

spread very quickly in Finland after original video summer 2008

http://www.vimeo.com/925729

consumer movement, which does not *protest* anything

instead, it asks bids from companies - like restaurants - to improve environmental - specially climate change - aspects in companys own daily actions

the best bid wins and (hopefully) a hordes of common consumers will consume the that winner shop in one specific day

started as a Facebook group and IRL meeting once in a week

wiki, blog, mailing lists, Ning, Jaiku microchannel etc.

St. Albans vs. Tesco St. Albans is very common and old victorian village in Great Britain the village was offended by new hypermarket of Tesco and started to offense Villagers started to utilize the Net with all possible means: blog in Google Blogger email lists Yahoo Groups (compared to Facebook groups and causes) images: Flickr podcasts at NowPublic.com www adresses the result: hypermarket of Tesco was built, but much more later and much more smaller

St. Albans is very common and old victorian village in Great Britain

the village was offended by new hypermarket of Tesco and started to offense

Villagers started to utilize the Net with all possible means:

blog in Google Blogger

email lists

Yahoo Groups (compared to Facebook groups and causes)

images: Flickr

podcasts at NowPublic.com

www adresses

the result: hypermarket of Tesco was built, but much more later and much more smaller

Media ennen ylhäältä-alas nk. top-down-malli sama viesti jaetaan samanaikaisesti monille informaationtuotanto ja jakelijat muodostavat pyramidin media on kansalaisten ja ’todellisuuden’ välissä mahdollisuudet vuorovaikutukseen ovat vähäisiä murros alkoi 1990-luvun puolivälissä netin välityksellä oli mahdollista seurata esim. ebola-virus uutisia ulkomailta aamusta ja veikata, mitä uutisoidaan illan pääuutisissa nyt ollaan tilanteessa, jossa media omaksuu kiihtyvään tahtiin sosiaalisen ja kansalaismedian piirteitä, kuten blogit eli verkkopäiväkirjat, uutisten kommentointi, äänestykset, lukijoiden omat kuvat ja videot etc. Yhdysvalloissa vaaditaan jo perustoimittamisen lisäksi valmiuksia tuottaa myös blogia, podcastia ja videocastia

ylhäältä-alas nk. top-down-malli

sama viesti jaetaan samanaikaisesti monille

informaationtuotanto ja jakelijat muodostavat pyramidin

media on kansalaisten ja ’todellisuuden’ välissä

mahdollisuudet vuorovaikutukseen ovat vähäisiä

murros alkoi 1990-luvun puolivälissä

netin välityksellä oli mahdollista seurata esim. ebola-virus uutisia ulkomailta aamusta ja veikata, mitä uutisoidaan illan pääuutisissa

nyt ollaan tilanteessa, jossa media omaksuu kiihtyvään tahtiin sosiaalisen ja kansalaismedian piirteitä, kuten blogit eli verkkopäiväkirjat, uutisten kommentointi, äänestykset, lukijoiden omat kuvat ja videot etc.

Yhdysvalloissa vaaditaan jo perustoimittamisen lisäksi valmiuksia tuottaa myös blogia, podcastia ja videocastia

The Net and the civil society: short version of the history Phase 1: socially and politically conscious hackers (allied with the student protesters 1960s) the symbiosis between new social movements was born at Tiananmen (1989) the era of the first activism communities, like GreenNet, PeaceNet Phase 2: hackers as the toolbox of the IRL activism like zapatistas of Mexico 1994- Blogs 3 and citizen media starting 1999 Phase 4: goverments and associations started to (try) activete on the Net (2002->) Phase 5: hackers and nerds toward parliaments with huge success Piratpartiet, Tietoyhteiskuntapuolue, Wikipuolue, open politics Where are traditional parties, national and broad associations from the Net? yksisuuntaisen toimintamallin vähine osallistumismahdollisuuksineen

Phase 1: socially and politically conscious hackers (allied with the student protesters 1960s)

the symbiosis between new social movements was born at Tiananmen (1989)

the era of the first activism communities, like GreenNet, PeaceNet

Phase 2: hackers as the toolbox of the IRL activism

like zapatistas of Mexico 1994-

Blogs 3 and citizen media starting 1999

Phase 4: goverments and associations started to (try) activete on the Net (2002->)

Phase 5: hackers and nerds toward parliaments with huge success

Piratpartiet, Tietoyhteiskuntapuolue, Wikipuolue, open politics

Where are traditional parties, national and broad associations from the Net?

yksisuuntaisen toimintamallin vähine osallistumismahdollisuuksineen

Media now (almost) every can contribute everyone is an expert of something specially inhabitants of their local and physical area are experts a common citizen can real impact

(almost) every can contribute

everyone is an expert of something

specially inhabitants of their local and physical area are experts

a common citizen can real impact

A typology of problem solving on the Internet Single solution Open-ended Individual Collective Open Source Prediction markets Scipionus.com Wikipedia Wisdom of crowds Net detectives Case Lego Crowdsourcing answers.yahoo.com

The 80/20 Rule and Law of Villfredo Pareto 20 % of landowners own 80 % of the land. 20 % of workers do 80 % of the work. 20 % of salespeople make 80 % of sales. 20 % of criminals carry out 80 % of crime. 20 % of websites get 80 % of the traffic. 20 % of the customers create 80 % of the calls to techsupport Conclusion of Barabasi: 80 % of human efforts are irrelevant

20 % of landowners own 80 % of the land.

20 % of workers do 80 % of the work.

20 % of salespeople make 80 % of sales.

20 % of criminals carry out 80 % of crime.

20 % of websites get 80 % of the traffic.

20 % of the customers create 80 % of the calls to techsupport

The Long Tail - or scale-free network 20 percent 80 percent

The Long Tail - 2

The Long Tail - 3 - Amazon

Netcrowd Coined by Kari A. Hintikka 2006 and theme of PhD dissertation mass of ordinary and occasional people can organize themselves and work collectively quickly, efficiently, temporary and globally for collective goals 15 known cases Four main type of collaboration Powering citizen activism sms revolution at Manila 2001, local network at Seattle 1999 Problem solving in catastrophes Tsunami 2005, Katrina 2005 Net detectives Myyrmanni 2002, Jam Man 2007 Net riots Lordi 2006, Pirate Bay 2006 Copmared to wisdom of crowds, netcrowds are open to everybody, tasks are often open-ended and consist more action, like taking pictures, than just guessing

Coined by Kari A. Hintikka 2006 and theme of PhD dissertation

mass of ordinary and occasional people can organize themselves and work collectively quickly, efficiently, temporary and globally for collective goals

15 known cases

Four main type of collaboration

Powering citizen activism

sms revolution at Manila 2001, local network at Seattle 1999

Problem solving in catastrophes

Tsunami 2005, Katrina 2005

Net detectives

Myyrmanni 2002, Jam Man 2007

Net riots

Lordi 2006, Pirate Bay 2006

Copmared to wisdom of crowds, netcrowds are open to everybody, tasks are often open-ended and consist more action, like taking pictures, than just guessing

case: Myyrmanni anonymous suicide-bomber exploded himself in Myyrmanni megastore at autumn 2002 at Helsinki thousands of active net users inspired to find out the identity and background of the bomber net collective founded the name out before mass media and almost at the same time than police self-organizing, the findings and suspections found their way to some IRC channels and home-made web sites

anonymous suicide-bomber exploded himself in Myyrmanni megastore at autumn 2002 at Helsinki

thousands of active net users inspired to find out the identity and background of the bomber

net collective founded the name out before mass media and almost at the same time than police

self-organizing, the findings and suspections found their way to some IRC channels and home-made web sites

case: Myyrmanni anonymous suicide-bomber exploded himself in Myyrmanni megastore at autumn 2002 at Helsinki thousands of active net users inspired to find out the identity and background of the bomber net collective founded the name out before mass media and almost at the same time than police self-organizing, the findings and suspections found their way to some IRC channels and home-made web sites

anonymous suicide-bomber exploded himself in Myyrmanni megastore at autumn 2002 at Helsinki

thousands of active net users inspired to find out the identity and background of the bomber

net collective founded the name out before mass media and almost at the same time than police

self-organizing, the findings and suspections found their way to some IRC channels and home-made web sites

Netcrowd: case The Jam Man (Hillomies) 2007 curious geeks at MuroBBS-forum started to suspect www site Hillo.fi 5.1.2007 ('hillo' means 'money' in Finnish slang) Hillo.fi promised that a consumer should send 300 euros to box office address in return he / she would get 100 euros back and guidelines to get rich geeks started to check the backgrounds of Hillo.fi with public net tools Google, IP registers like Ripe.net, public www registers etc after checking, the netcrowd found the web of dozens of companies and associations linked by ownerships or founders the basic concept of this web was companies sold products to charity associations charity associations, like traffic safe of children, sold overprized products to public sector no taxes or other economical duties were handled there were also many ended associations and companies the netcrowd published every details at MuroBBS

curious geeks at MuroBBS-forum started to suspect www site Hillo.fi 5.1.2007 ('hillo' means 'money' in Finnish slang)

Hillo.fi promised that a consumer should send 300 euros to box office address

in return he / she would get 100 euros back and guidelines to get rich

geeks started to check the backgrounds of Hillo.fi with public net tools

Google, IP registers like Ripe.net, public www registers etc

after checking, the netcrowd found the web of dozens of companies and associations linked by ownerships or founders

the basic concept of this web was

companies sold products to charity associations

charity associations, like traffic safe of children, sold overprized products to public sector

no taxes or other economical duties were handled

there were also many ended associations and companies

the netcrowd published every details at MuroBBS

Nettietsivät vs- Hillomies 2007

Netcrowd: case The Jam Man 2 information from the suspected sites started to disappear but the newcrods used www caches, like Google Cache and Archive.org The Jam Man (Hillomies) started to write at MuroBBS and pressure to stop writing the host of MuroBBS, Kynämies company, deleted 200 BBS comments without notice Kynämies saw the possibility of a insulting case in court the netcrowd started new BBS, Muro2, of their own The Jam Man started to threaten the single members of the netcrowd with Estonian thugs one of the host of Muro2 got personal threat to his family discussion of the topic at Muro2 was closed and removed the netcrowd started new BBS, Asiamiehet.com, and many blogs 21.1.2007 the biggest newspaper in Finland, Helsingin Sanomat, published an article about the netcrowd and The Jam Man 1.2.2007 Poliisi-tv, finnish crime news program made a reportage about the case

information from the suspected sites started to disappear

but the newcrods used www caches, like Google Cache and Archive.org

The Jam Man (Hillomies) started to write at MuroBBS and pressure to stop writing

the host of MuroBBS, Kynämies company, deleted 200 BBS comments without notice

Kynämies saw the possibility of a insulting case in court

the netcrowd started new BBS, Muro2, of their own

The Jam Man started to threaten the single members of the netcrowd with Estonian thugs

one of the host of Muro2 got personal threat to his family

discussion of the topic at Muro2 was closed and removed

the netcrowd started new BBS, Asiamiehet.com, and many blogs

21.1.2007 the biggest newspaper in Finland, Helsingin Sanomat, published an article about the netcrowd and The Jam Man 1.2.2007

Poliisi-tv, finnish crime news program made a reportage about the case

Lessons to learn from the case of The Jam Man efficience of netcrowd can lower dramatically when members of netcrowd is handled as a single users when it starts to drive other goals than practical ones, like justice or getting publicity part of the power is based on anonymity behind nicknames netcrowd will not stop in the details, it could be nearly endless attempts to stop netcrowd is useless, more likely, censorship etc. is luring more members there is strict need to participate to netcrowd with mobile www for example net detectives check in physical reality, whether expected people, companies or cars are in locate in their expected addresses etc also after catastrophes, like Tsunami or Katrina, mobile www is crucial on the other hand, 600 volunteers check price tags in food shops in Finland checking bar codes, images etc the information behind the artefacts - is growing niche example: Nokia MARA project (Mobile Augmented Reality Applications)

efficience of netcrowd can lower dramatically when

members of netcrowd is handled as a single users

when it starts to drive other goals than practical ones, like justice or getting publicity

part of the power is based on anonymity behind nicknames

netcrowd will not stop in the details, it could be nearly endless

attempts to stop netcrowd is useless, more likely, censorship etc. is luring more members

there is strict need to participate to netcrowd with mobile www

for example net detectives check in physical reality, whether expected people, companies or cars are in locate in their expected addresses etc

also after catastrophes, like Tsunami or Katrina, mobile www is crucial

on the other hand, 600 volunteers check price tags in food shops in Finland checking bar codes, images etc

the information behind the artefacts - is growing niche

example: Nokia MARA project (Mobile Augmented Reality Applications)

The Research Swarm (tutkimus.parvi.fi) emerged at Jaiku - micro channel service at december 2007 innovates and solves problems collectively on the Internet anyone can participate no formal coordination or organization first actual test: an application to National Academy preliminary application is accepted main communication channels Jaiku micro channel #tutkimusparvi del.icio.us-links ("tutkimusparvi") wiki tutkimus.parvi.fi

emerged at Jaiku - micro channel service at december 2007

innovates and solves problems collectively on the Internet

anyone can participate

no formal coordination or organization

first actual test: an application to National Academy

preliminary application is accepted

main communication channels

Jaiku micro channel #tutkimusparvi

del.icio.us-links ("tutkimusparvi")

wiki tutkimus.parvi.fi

Thank You! kari . hintikka () gmail . com kah.fi [email_address] [email_address] The Netcrowds -blog: http://bit.ly/1GVxCh

kari . hintikka () gmail . com

kah.fi

[email_address]

[email_address]

The Netcrowds -blog: http://bit.ly/1GVxCh