US History Ch 4.1

U.S. History Chapter 4: The English Colonies Section 1: The Virginia Colony

Settlement in Jamestown
1605: Merchants ask permission to establish colony in North America
1606: King James I grants request
Joint-stock company formed
King James I

April 26, 1607: three ships land on Virginia coast
Sail into Chesapeake Bay & 40 miles up James river
Location of Jamestown

Men poorly prepared
Bad location
2/3 of original colonists dead by winter

Capt. John Smith —made colonists plant food crops and build sturdy housing
Captain John Smith

Settlement in Jamestown http:// www.virtualjamestown.org/quicktime/jamestown_fort.html

Powhatan Confederacy
Powhatan: alliance of Algonquian Indians
Aided colonists by teaching them how to grow food
Depiction of Powhatan from map by John Smith

1609: 400 new settlers arrive at Jamestown
John Smith returns to England
Winter 1609: “Starving Time”

Jamestown failing to make a profit
1612: John Rolfe introduces tobacco to Virginia
Tobacco Plant

War in Virginia
1614: John Rolfe marries Pocahontas
1617: Pocahontas dies
1618: Wahunsonacock dies
Pocahontas

War in Virginia
Colonists desire Powhatan land for tobacco farming
1622: Powhatan leader killed
Opechancanough leads attack that kills 350 settlers
Opechancanough from Smith's “General History of Virginia”

War in Virginia
Colonists burn Indian villages
Fighting continues for 20 years
1624: Virginia becomes a royal colony

Daily Life in Virginia
Tobacco farmers begin to establish plantations
Headright system —gave 50 acres of land to colonists who paid their own way to Virginia

Daily Life in Virginia
Disease
Men outnumbered women 7:1
Families provided necessities for themselves

Labor in Virginia
High death rates lead to labor shortages
Indentured Servents —agreed to work in exchange for passage to America
Indentured Servant Contract

Labor in Virginia
1619: Dutch bring Africans to Virginia
Some Africans were indentured servants , others were slaves
Indentured servants cheaper initially

Bacon’s Rebellion
Colonists angry with governor
Complaints about high taxes and lack of available farmland
Poor begin faming on Native American lands

Bacon’s Rebellion
1676: Nathaniel Bacon & a group of indentured servants lead an attack on peaceful Native Americans
Bacon & followers attacked & burned Jamestown
Nathaniel Bacon

Bacon’s Rebellion
Bacon dies of fever
23 rebels hung
Difficult relations with Native Americans
Increased use of slaves

Recapping!
Why were people in England interested in founding Jamestown, and when was the colony established?
How did Jamestown colonists interact with local American Indians?
How did the English plantation system begin
What role did indentured servants and enslaved Africans play in Virginia’s economy?

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US History Ch 4.1

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