Chapter 18: Texas & the Civil War Section 4: The Texas Home Front

Bellwork How might the Civil war have affected civilians? How do you think Unionists were treated?

How might the Civil war have affected civilians?

How do you think Unionists were treated?

The Wartime Economy & the Draft Texas suffered less than other Confederate states Goods became scarce & expensive: Paper Medicine Coffee

Texas suffered less than other Confederate states

Goods became scarce & expensive:

Paper

Medicine

Coffee

The Wartime Economy & the Draft Texans adapted Farmers grew less cotton and more corn and wheat Slaveholders from other states sent their slaves to Texas to prevent them from being freed

Texans adapted

Farmers grew less cotton and more corn and wheat

Slaveholders from other states sent their slaves to Texas to prevent them from being freed

The Wartime Economy & the Draft Women & children ran plantations Women worked to support the war

Women & children ran plantations

Women worked to support the war

The Wartime Economy & the Draft Gov. Francis Lubbock (1861-1863) Gov. Pendleton Murrah (1861-1865)

The Wartime Economy & the Draft April 1862: Confederate Congress enacted a draft Draft —law that was unpopular because some people received exemptions

April 1862: Confederate Congress enacted a draft

Draft —law that was unpopular because some people received exemptions

The Wartime Economy & the Draft White males 18-35 Later broadened to 17-50

White males 18-35

Later broadened to 17-50

The Wartime Economy & the Draft Exemptions: Certain jobs Buy way out of service or provide substitute

Exemptions:

Certain jobs

Buy way out of service or provide substitute

Unionists in Texas Confederate draft received opposition from Unionists Most joined war effort, but some refused to fight Unionists viewed as potentially dangerous traitors

Confederate draft received opposition from Unionists

Most joined war effort, but some refused to fight

Unionists viewed as potentially dangerous traitors

Unionists in Texas Martial law —kind of rule sometimes established in parts of Texas that were Unionist

Martial law —kind of rule sometimes established in parts of Texas that were Unionist

Unionists in Texas Some Unionists violently attacked: August 1862: 60 Germans Texans attacked when fleeing to Mexico to escape draft 50 Germans hanged in Central Texas when they organized to protest war Oct. 1862: 40 suspected Unionists hung in the “Great Hanging” in Gainesville

Some Unionists violently attacked:

August 1862: 60 Germans Texans attacked when fleeing to Mexico to escape draft

50 Germans hanged in Central Texas when they organized to protest war

Oct. 1862: 40 suspected Unionists hung in the “Great Hanging” in Gainesville

Illustration appeared in Frank Leslie's Illustrated Weekly Newspaper February 20, 1864

Problems for Unionists in Texas Effects on Unionists