Epidemiology Of Stroke

Dr.Rajkumar Patil Asstt. Prof., Community Medicine AVMCH, Pondicherry

Rapidly developed clinical signs of focal
(or global) disturbance of cerebral function; lasting more than 24 hours or leading to death, with no apparent cause other than vascular origin
TIA: <24 hours

Morbidity ( 12 country WHO study)
Incidence : 0.2 -2.5/1000/yr.
Mortality: leading cause of death &
disability through out world
33% cases die within 3 weeks, 48% die within 1yr

Host Factors 1.Age 80% cases: In India >40 yr; while in developed countries >65 yr 2.Sex Males 3.Personal History History of DM/HT/Cardiovascular diseases

Pathogenesis of Stroke

Types of Paralysis

Types of stroke

Subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)
Cerebral hemorrhage
Cerebral thrombosis or embolism
Occlusion of pre cerebral arteries
Transient cerebral ischemia (TCI) more than 24 hrs.
Ill defined cardiovascular disease ,
when underlying pathology is in brain

Risk Factors of Stroke

SHAME are the risk factors for Stroke
Smoking
Hypertension/ Hyperlipidemia,
Atrial fibrillation
Male
Elderly
5 Cs are the causes for stroke in young age
Cancer
Cardiogenic emboli
CNS infection [HIV conditions]
Congenital arterial lesion
Cocaine
Risk Factors of Stroke

Control of Hypertension
Control of Diabetes
Control of Cholesterol & Saturated Fat Intake
No alcohol
No smoking
Regular exercise
Maintain healthy weight
Avoid illicit drug like cocain which is associated with TIA
Primary Prevention of Stroke

Early diagnosis and management of TIA/Stroke Secondary Prevention of Stroke

Secondary Prevention of Stroke

Remove obstruction to restore
blood flow to brain
Clot busting drugs within 3 hrs.
Carotid endarterectomy
Angioplasty
Preventive medications
Anti-platelet drugs
Anti-coaggulants
Secondary Prevention of Stroke (Treatment)

1.Disability Limitation
Prevention of Complications
Good nursing care (bladder and bowel)
2.Rehabilitation
Physical
Occupational
Psychological
Tertiary Prevention of Stroke

Thank You

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Epidemiology Of Stroke

by Rajkumar Patil

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