This document defines key terms related to bipolar disorder and outlines the objectives, causes, symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and treatment approaches for the different types of bipolar disorder according to the DSM-IV-TR. It discusses bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, cyclothymia, and the symptoms and diagnostic criteria for mania, hypomania, depression, and mixed episodes. The causes of bipolar disorder discussed include genetic, biological, neurological, cognitive, and psychosocial factors.

1. Bipolar Disorder NCM 401 Ma. Tosca Cybil A. Torres, RN

6. Review of Unipolar and Suicide

8. Bipolar Disorder

18. Variations in Brain Structure and Impaired Functions in Bipolar Disorder -memory performance -verbal memory (recall of a story or single word) -attention dysfunction -verbal learning -verbal fluency -Psychomotor speed -declarative memory (conscious recollection of facts and events) - diencephalon (thalamus, mamillothalasmic tract and medullary lamina) -prefrontal cortex -frontal subcortical -brain lesions -midsagittal Areas reduction -Abnormal white brain matter( increase with age) -Medial temporal lobe (hippocampus, parahippocampal and periphinal cortices- episodes of depression and mania may result in hypercortisolemia, producing damage) -Basal ganglia Functional Impairment (all decreased) Structural variation/abnormality

21. Types of Mood Episodes

26. Types of Bipolar Disorder

80. Commonly Used mood stabilizers, usual Adult doses and therapeutic serum levels 0.6-1.2mEq/L 50-100u/ml 412u/ml N/A 600-1800mg/d 750-4200mg/d 400-1600mg/d 300-500mg/dl 400-1600mg/d Lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid, Lithonate) Divalproex (Depakote) Other anticonvulsants used as mood stabilizers Carbamazipine (Tegretol, Carbatrol) Lamotrigine (Lamictal) Topiramate ( Topamax) Therapeutic Serum Levels Adult Dose Range Mood Stabilizer