Modal verbs (i) must have to

MODAL VERBS (I): Must, have to, don’t have to, mustn’t p. 134

Have to, don’t have to
(+) She has to get up at 7 every day.
You have to drive on the left in the UK.
(-) We don’t have to wear a uniform.
He doesn’t have to work today.
(?) Do we have to study this for the exam?
Does he have to tidy his room?

Use have to to talk about rules and obligations , or to say that something is necessary.
I have to study harder if I want to pass the exam.
Muslims have to pray 5 times a day.

Must, mustn’t
(+)You must do your homework tonight.
She must wash the dishes before she leaves.
(-) You mustn’t smoke in class.
They mustn’t leave their bags here.
(mustn’t = must not)

Use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations.
Must is a modal verb. The only forms are must and mustn’t.
Must , as ALL MODALS , is ALWAYS followed by infinitive WITHOUT TO!!!

Must vs. Have to
Both indicate obligation, but there’s a little difference.
It’s getting late. I must go now  obligation from the speaker .
It’s getting late. My mum told me I have to be at home at 9.  obligation from another person .

OBLIGATION FROM THE SPEAKER FROM ANOTHER PERSON I must go to bed. I’m exhausted. I must remember to phone her tomorrow – it’s her birthday. You have to wear a seatbelt in the car. Do you have to work on Saturdays? I had to wear a uniform when I was at school.

GOTTA
In spoken English, especially in the USA, people say got to (or gotta ) instead of have to.
I gotta go now. It’s getting late.
I got to study – I have an exam tomorrow.

No obligation/necessity: don’t have to.
You don’t have to come to the party if you don’t want to.
You don’t have to pay for the photocopies, they are free.

Prohibition: mustn’t
Don’t have to and mustn’t are completely different. Compare
You mustn’t smoke inside a hospital. It’s forbbiden. ( It’s the law )
You mustn’t drink and drive.
You don’t have to drive to the party, I’ll pick you up. (You can drive if you want, but it is not necessary ).

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Modal verbs (i) must have to

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