GBU1. A missão de Jesus: trazer o reino de Deus Marcos 1:1 – 3:12)

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    Notes on slide 1

    >> Who wrote it?

    But who is Marcos?

    John Marcos was member of Paul’s team until he let Paul down. Paul then refused to take him along, which led to a disagreement with Barnabas. Because of this, and the fact that John Marcos was not an apostle, it is unlikely that the early church fathers would have attributed the gospel to John Marcos if it wasn’t true.
    >>Refs

    John Marcos’s failure & disagreement with Barnabus in Acts 13, 15
    Is it John Marcos in Mk. 14:50–51?

    John Marcos’s failure & disagreement with Barnabus in Acts 13, 15
    Is it John Marcos in Mk. 14:50–51?

    John Marcos’s failure & disagreement with Barnabus in Acts 13, 15
    Is it John Marcos in Mk. 14:50–51?

    John Marcos’s failure & disagreement with Barnabus in Acts 13, 15
    Is it John Marcos in Mk. 14:50–51?

    John Marcos’s failure & disagreement with Barnabus in Acts 13, 15
    Is it John Marcos in Mk. 14:50–51?

    John Marcos’s failure & disagreement with Barnabus in Acts 13, 15
    Is it John Marcos in Mk. 14:50–51?

    Marcos wrote Peter’s account. Thought by church fathers to be written in Rome after Peter’s death in AD 64
    Eusebius: ‘Marcos became Peter’s interpreter’
    >> wrote accurately

    an accurate record
    Eusebius: ‘and wrote accurately all that he remembered’
    >>not in chronological order

    not chronological order
    ‘not, indeed, in order, of all the things said or done by the Lord’
    >> Next key question to consider is, ‘Who was it for?’

    >> for mainly Gentile readers

    for mainly Gentile readers. Why do we think this?
    >> explains Jewish customs

    translates Aramaic words

    translates Aramaic words
    >>uses Latin words

    uses words borrowed from Latin

    Why did Marcos write it?
    >> gospel

    a new genre
    >>not biography

    >>not sure who this quote is from

    >>Introduction

    Jesus’s context.
    Need to give you a quick run-through of biblical history. After the creation and fall, and the flood, the first key event in biblical history is God’s calling of Abraham >>> and the promise he made to him.

    God gave them the land of Canaan

    This was the land God had given them, but their history was very troubled, and they had been under foreign rule for more than 600 years
    >> revolution

    This was the land God had given them, but their history was very troubled, and they had been under foreign rule for more than 600 years
    >> revolution

    Revolution in the air. This was a time of of insecurity, dissatisfaction and resentment

    Foreign military occupation: As we have seen in Iraq, the presence of foreign military breeds resentment, even if they are there for good reasons.

    Hellenisation: •During the Hasmonean period (142–63 BC), the High Priest became the ruler (despite the Old Testament prohibiting this). As often happens, the power led to corruption and abuses. The Pharisees opposed the High Priest having power but the Sadducees supported it.

    High levels of taxation: •Occupying forces generally tax people quite severely, but of course it creates even more bad feeling among the locals. The men who worked with the Romans to collect the taxes were particularly hated. They were collaborators and were generally corrupt - they could charge what they liked and pass some of it on to the Romans.

    Public misconduct by officials: •During the Hasmonean period (142–63 BC), Judea was semi-independent under Syrian rule. The Hasmonean dynasty increasingly adopted Greek perspectives and policies. But the introduction of Greek culture was strongly resisted by those with strong nationalist feelings (including the Zealots, from whose number came the other Judas). The Pharisees opposed it but the Sadducees supported it.

    Class tensions: The wealthy people were doing very well, making the most of opportunities to work with the Romans. But most people were poor peasants.

    Class tensions: The wealthy people were doing very well, making the most of opportunities to work with the Romans. But most people were poor peasants.

    Class tensions: The wealthy people were doing very well, making the most of opportunities to work with the Romans. But most people were poor peasants.

    Class tensions: The wealthy people were doing very well, making the most of opportunities to work with the Romans. But most people were poor peasants.

    Class tensions: The wealthy people were doing very well, making the most of opportunities to work with the Romans. But most people were poor peasants.

    Class tensions: The wealthy people were doing very well, making the most of opportunities to work with the Romans. But most people were poor peasants.

    Class tensions: The wealthy people were doing very well, making the most of opportunities to work with the Romans. But most people were poor peasants.

    Tension with the Samaritans: •After the division of the kingdom in 922 BC, the people of the northern kingdom no longer worshipped in Jerusalem. Jeroboam set up new idols in Dan and Bethel. They weren’t religiously pure. When Assyria’s conquered the northern kingdom in 722 BC, many people went into exile. Those who remained soon had new neighbours – captives from other countries (esp. Babylon and Media?). They soon intermarried, so they were not ethnically pure. The Samaritans were their descendants. After the exile, they opposed reconstruction of Jerusalem. In 2nd century, they fought with Syria against Judea. The Jewish High Priest ordered retaliation in 128 BC, and the Jews burned the Samaritan temple on Mount Gerizim.

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    How the West was won
    (or not)
    Transjordan = Gilead

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    Ephraim in green, centre
    Omri moved capital to Samaria (1 Kings 16)

    A sense of expectancy

    Hoping for imminent liberation from Rome: Many people were hoping something would soon change. There were some radical nationalist groups, like the Zealots, and people hoped that something similar to the Maccabees revolt against Antiochus Epiphanes in 164 BC (though that only gained Judea’s freedom for four years)
    >> prophets

    Growing interest in prophets: •Hosea and Amos were prophets in the northern kingdom, and prophesied its destruction by Assyria, which happened in 722 BC. Some of the other prophets (esp. Isaías, Jeremiah, Nahum, Zephaniah, Habakkuk) predicted the destruction of the southern kingdom of Judah by the Babylonians, which happened in 587 BC. But all of them (except Amos) also promised restoration in the future – not just the return to Judah after exile in Babylon but a restoration of David’s line on the throne, a restoration of the glory of Israel, and even reunification of north and south, although the northern kingdom no longer existed. As the years went on, the jews realised increasingly that some of the prophecies had only been partly fulfilled, and they began to expect that they would be fulfilled soon. A key part of this was the coming of Messiah.

    Growing hope for Messiah – an anointed king (especially after 4 BC when Archelaus slaughtered Passover pilgrims)

    ‘The days are coming,’ declares the LORD, ‘when I will raise up for David a righteous Branch, a King who will reign wisely and do what is just and right in the land. In his days Judah will be saved and Israel will live in safety. This is the name by which he will be called: The LORD Our Righteous Saviour.’
    Jeremiah 23:5–6

    See, I myself will judge between the fat sheep and the lean sheep. . . . I will save my flock, and they will no longer be plundered. I will judge between one sheep and another. I will place over them one shepherd, my servant David, and he will tend them; he will tend them and be their shepherd. I the LORD will be their God, and my servant David will be prince among them. Ezekiel 34:20–24
    Expecting a hero, like Clint Eastwood

    These days more likely to expect Robert Langdon

    Jesus’s mission: bringing the kingdom of God

    The Messenger

    John the Baptiser

    prophecied by Scripture. Is. 40:3>Listen! It’s the voice of someone shouting. Clear the way through the wilderness for the Lord! Make a straight highway through the wasteland for our God. Fill in the valleys and level the mountains and hills. Straighten the curves, and smooth out the rough places. Then the glory of the Lord will be revealed, and all people will see it together. The Lord has spoken!

    a prophet

    announcing the coming of Messiah

    calling for repentance

    The Message

    Jesus is the message

    ‘The time is fulfilled’
    ‘The kingdom of God is near’
    ‘Repent and believe the good news’

    ‘The time is fulfilled’
    ‘The kingdom of God is near’
    ‘Repent and believe the good news’

    ‘The time is fulfilled’
    ‘The kingdom of God is near’
    ‘Repent and believe the good news’

    Repent and believe the good news

    Why we need good news

    Creation – human beings in God’s image

    Fall – human beings in rebellion against God

    Curse – human beings under God’s judgment

    What the good news is

    God’s grace

    The promise of a ‘serpent-crusher’

    The kingdom of God is near

    God’s intention to make a people to live with him

    ‘I will take you as my own people, and I will be your God.’ Exodus 6:7

    God among his people

    Tabernacle
    Temple
    The promise of Immanuel (Isaías 7:14)

    Tabernacle
    Temple
    The promise of Immanuel (Isaías 7:14)

    Tabernacle
    Temple
    The promise of Immanuel (Isaías 7:14)

    The time is fulfilled

    The promised Servant

    The promised Shepherd

    The promised King

    The promised Messiah

    Messiah on a mission

    Teaching God’s word

    Dealing with the problem of evil

    Dealing with the problem of sickness

    Dealing with the problem of sin

    Dealing with the problem of religion

    Favorites, Groups & Events

    GBU1. A missão de Jesus: trazer o reino de Deus Marcos 1:1 – 3:12) - Presentation Transcript

    1. Uma iodução a Maos Monday, 23 November 2009
    2. Qu é que o cv? 2 Monday, 23 November 2009
    3. Maos 3 Monday, 23 November 2009
    4. João Maos Monday, 23 November 2009
    5. • Actos 12:12,25 • Actos 13:5,13 • Actos 15:36–39 • Colossians 4:10 • 2 Timóteo 4:11 • 1 Pedro 5:13 5 Monday, 23 November 2009
    6. O relato de Pedro 6 Monday, 23 November 2009
    7. um registo rigoroso 7 Monday, 23 November 2009
    8. não cronológico 8 Monday, 23 November 2009
    9. Pa qu é que i c? Monday, 23 November 2009
    10. principalmente para leitores gentios 10 Monday, 23 November 2009
    11. explica os rituais Judaicos 7:2–4; 15:42 11 Monday, 23 November 2009
    12. raduz palavras aramaicas 3:17; 5:41; 7:11, 34; 15:22 12 Monday, 23 November 2009
    13. usa palavras emprestadas do Latim 13 Monday, 23 November 2009
    14. Porque é que Maos o 14 Monday, 23 November 2009
    15. Evangelho 15 Monday, 23 November 2009
    16. não é uma biografia 16 Monday, 23 November 2009
    17. ‘material de pregações, com a intenção de contar a história da acção salvadora de Deus na vida, ministério, morte e ressurreição de Jesus de Nazaré’ 17 Monday, 23 November 2009
    18. O coo de Jus 18 Monday, 23 November 2009
    19. As promessas de Deus a Abraão 19 Monday, 23 November 2009
    20. Eu farei de ti uma grande nação; abençoar- te-ei, e engrandecerei o teu nome; e tu, sê uma bênção. Abençoarei aos que te abençoarem, e amaldiçoarei àquele que te amaldiçoar; e em ti serão benditas todas as famílias da terra. Génesis 12:2–3 20 Monday, 23 November 2009
    21. CANAAN Monday, 23 November 2009
    22. revolução ! © Ingmar Zahorsk. Used under a Creative Commons licence Monday, 23 November 2009 22
    23. OCUPAÇÃO MILITAR ESTRANGEIRA © Josh Hough. Used under a Creative Commons licence 23 Monday, 23 November 2009
    24. HELENIZAÇÃO 24 Monday, 23 November 2009
    25. Impostos muito altos Image: iStockPhoto 25 Monday, 23 November 2009
    26. Autoridades corruptas 26 Monday, 23 November 2009
    27. Conflitos entre classes diferentes 27 Monday, 23 November 2009
    28. Tensão com os Samaritanos 28 Monday, 23 November 2009
    29. li hta ARAM er Ash Nap Zebullun Issachar Manasseh Manasseh (half) (half) Ephraim Dan Gad AMMON ES Benjamin IN Judah Reuben T IS IL Simeon MOAB PH EDOM MIDIAN Monday, 23 November 2009 AMALEK
    30. 922 BC ISRAEL Samaria Jeroboam Shechem Rehoboam Jerusalem JUDAH Monday, 23 November 2009
    31. Galilee Samaria Jerusalem JUDEA Monday, 23 November 2009
    32. Uma ssação de pva 32 Monday, 23 November 2009
    33. © Michael Ramallah. Image used under a Creative Commons licence Esperança de libertação 33 Monday, 23 November 2009
    34. Interesse crescente nos profetas 34 Monday, 23 November 2009
    35. Esperanaç crescente do Messias (Cristo) 35 Monday, 23 November 2009
    36. • Malaquias 3:1–5 • Isaías 40:1–11 • Salmos 2 • Isaías 42:1–4 36 Monday, 23 November 2009
    37. Eis que vêm dias, diz o Senhor, em que levantarei a Davi um Renovo justo; e, sendo rei, reinará e procederá sabiamente, executando o juízo e a justiça na terra. Nos seus dias Judá será salvo, e Israel habitará seguro; e este é o nome de que será chamado: O SENHOR JUSTIÇA NOSSA. Jeremias 23:5–6 37 Monday, 23 November 2009
    38. Portanto salvarei as minhas ovelhas, e não servirão mais de presa; e julgarei entre ovelhas e ovelhas. E suscitarei sobre elas um só pastor para this start at Does as apascentar, o meu servo Davi. Ele as22? v. apascentará, e lhes servirá de pastor. E eu, o Senhor, serei o seu Deus, e o meu servo Davi será príncipe no meio delas; eu, o Senhor, o disse. Ezequiel 34:22–24 38 Monday, 23 November 2009
    39. 39 Monday, 23 November 2009
    40. Sçõ pncipais 40 Monday, 23 November 2009
    41. 1:1–8 Introdução 1:9 – 3:12 A missão de Jesus: o reino 3:13 – 6:6 O que o reino de Deus é 6:7 – 8:30 Dos judeus aos gentios 8:31 – 10:52 O custo que o reino implica 11:1 – 13:37 A rejeição de Israel 14:1 – 16:8 Onde o reino começa 41 Monday, 23 November 2009
    42. A missão de Jus: r o ino de Ds Marcos 1:1 – 3:12 42 Monday, 23 November 2009
    43. O Msag 43 Monday, 23 November 2009
    44. João, o baptizador 1:1–8 44 Monday, 23 November 2009
    45. profetizado pela escritura 1:23 (Isaías 40:3) 45 Monday, 23 November 2009
    46. um profeta 46 Monday, 23 November 2009
    47. está a anunciar a vinda do Messias 47 Monday, 23 November 2009
    48. convida ao arrependimento 48 Monday, 23 November 2009
    49. A Msag 1:9–15 49 Monday, 23 November 2009
    50. Jesus é a messagem 1:15 50 Monday, 23 November 2009
    51. • O tempo está cumprido • é chegado o reino de Deus • Arrependei-vos, e crede no evangelho 51 Monday, 23 November 2009
    52. Aam-se e ciam nas boas nícias 52 Monday, 23 November 2009
    53. Porque precisamos de boas notícias Génesis 1–3 53 Monday, 23 November 2009
    54. Criação: seres humanos à imagem de Deus 54 Monday, 23 November 2009
    55. Queda: seres humanos em rebelião contra Deus 55 Monday, 23 November 2009
    56. Maldição: seres humanos sob o julgament o de Deus 56 Monday, 23 November 2009
    57. O que são as boas notícias 57 Monday, 23 November 2009
    58. A graça de Deus Genesis 3:9 58 Monday, 23 November 2009
    59. A promessa de um ‘esmagador da serpente’ Génesis 3:15 59 Monday, 23 November 2009
    60. O ino de Ds á po 60 Monday, 23 November 2009
    61. A intenção de Deus: criar um povo para viver com ele 61 Monday, 23 November 2009
    62. Eu vos tomarei por meu povo e serei vosso Deus; e vós sabereis que eu sou Jeová vosso Deus, que vos tiro de debaixo das cargas dos egípcios. Éxodo 6:7 62 Monday, 23 November 2009
    63. Deus no meio do seu povo 63 Monday, 23 November 2009
    64. • Tabernáculo • Templo • A promessa do Emanuel (Isaías 7:14) 64 Monday, 23 November 2009
    65. O mpo á cumpdo 65 Monday, 23 November 2009
    66. O Servo prometido Isaías 52:13 – 53:12 66 Monday, 23 November 2009
    67. O Pastor prometido Ezequiel 34:11–31 67 Monday, 23 November 2009
    68. O Rei prometido Isaías 9:6–7; Miqueias 5:2 68 Monday, 23 November 2009
    69. O Messias prometido 69 Monday, 23 November 2009
    70. O Msias á numa missão 1:16 – 3:12 70 Monday, 23 November 2009
    71. Ensinar a palavra de Deus 1:21–22,35–39 71 Monday, 23 November 2009
    72. Lidar com o problema do mal 1:21–28 72 Monday, 23 November 2009
    73. Lidar com o problema da doença 1:29–34,40–45; 2:1–12; 3:1–6 73 Monday, 23 November 2009
    74. Lidar com o problema do pecado 2:1–17 74 Monday, 23 November 2009
    75. Lidar com o problema da religião 2:18–28 75 Monday, 23 November 2009
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