Nanotechnology: New Prospects for Jobs in Houston, Texas

Nanotechnology - New Prospects for Jobs in Houston
Wade Adams
Director

What is Nanotechnology?
Molecular Engineering?
Nanobots?
Science Fiction

C60-wheel-assisted motions
Pivot
motion
Pivot &
Linear
motion
No lateral
motion
Pseudo-1D Brownian motion
Y. Shirai, K. Kelly

Motorized NanoCar – Light Power!
Carborane wheel

Nanobackhoe Operation
J. Guerrero

Nanotrain Synthesis
T. Sasaki

全体構造図
Nanotransporters
Understanding Nanoscale Componentry
Motor
Cargo Transport
Fuel
Sensors/Actuators
Wheels
δ+
Directionality
δ-
Suspension
Axle/Bearings

Nano-Hummer, The New H3

iPod Nano
Apple's new Nano music player has several features that are not found in other iPods, such as the ability to display the lyrics of whatever song is now playing.
If your eyes are good enough to read them!
Paul Sakuma/Associated Press

Reality of Nanotech
Hard drives
Sunscreens
Automotive catalysts
Car bumpers
Paints and coatings
Tennis balls and racquets
Stain-resistant clothing
New cancer therapies
http://www.nanotechproject.org/inventories/consumer/

Nurturing Nanoscience into Nanotechnology
NNI
DOD Nano SRA
DARPA ULTRA
ONR PINS ARI
* Roco, Journal of Nanoparticle Research 2004
** Science Citation Index Expanded, ISI Web of Science
Murday, NRL #206 10/02

Global Participation in Nanoscience
Sweden
297/320
Germany
1949/2282/2429
Russia
854/1025/1128
Canada
382/545
England
906/1000
Israel
273/253
Japan
2289/3002/3350
France
1317/1561
USA
5395/6149/7850
China
2474/3493/4618
Switzerland
372/369
Korea
760/1103/1466
Italy
631/829
Taiwan
282/465/706
Mexico
166/218
India
461/650/862
Singapore
209/277/439
Brazil
285/311
Australia
236/348/416
CY2002/03/04 PUBLICATION COUNT
(By Keyword Nano*)
Total Worldwide- 18539/24208 /28177_
Science Citation Index of 5300 Journals

FIGURE 3: THE U.S. CURRENTLY LEADS THE WORLD IN GOVERNMENT R&D INVESTMENT, WITH A LITTLE OVER 25% OF THE TOTAL
Investment ($ Millions)
Share of global investment
Source: Jim Murday, NanoBusiness Alliance Analysis

THE GOOD NEWS: THE U.S. IS CURRENTLY LEADING THE WORLD IN KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT
Share of Nanotech Publications (2004)
Share of High Impact Nanotech Publications (2004)
Source: Jim Murday, NanoBusiness Alliance Analysis

THE BAD NEWS: THE LEAD HAS BEEN ERODING
U.S. Share of Nanotech Publications (‘91-’04)
U.S. Share of High Impact Publications (‘91-’04)
Source: Mike Roco, R&D II Workshop Presentation; NanoBusiness Alliance Analysis

EXPECTATIONS FOR NANOTECH ARE HIGH…

$ Billions
$2.6 T
3,000
$2 T
2,000
$1 T
1,000
NSF $1T
Evolution Capital
$800 B
500
$150 B
In Realis
$500 B
100
Lux Research
$100 B
50
$30 B
0
2005
2015
2010

Source: CMP Cientifica, NanoBusiness Alliance. Evolution Capital, NSF, In Realis, McKinsey analysis

Information and Communications
Energy
quantum
computing
long-distance
electricity
transportation
portable
energy cells
memory
storage
devices
lighting
molecular
circuitry
solar farms
in space
solar
cells
fuel
cells
displays
composites
batteries
high-strength
low-weight
composites
smart
textiles
medical
diagnostics
smart
implants
space
elevator
drug
delivery
1-3
morph-
materials
tissue/organ
regeneration
smart
composites
4-6
personalized
medicine
7-9
Aerospace
Medical
10+
years
Nano – Where it’s going
Where will the Nano Discoveries take place over the next 10 years?

Nanotechnology Workforce Initiative for Houston - NWIH2007 Micro Nano Breakthrough Conference – Portland, Oregon 2007 E.C. Teague NNCO
What Is Nanotechnology?
New ISO Working Definition:
Nanotechnology is the application of scientific knowledge to the control and use of matter at the nanoscale, where size related phenomena and processes may occur.
Research and technology development aimed to understand and control matter at dimensions of approximately 1 - 100 nanometer – the nanoscale
Ability to understand, create, and use structures, devices and systems that have fundamentally new properties and functions because of their nanoscale structure
Ability to image, measure, model, and manipulate matter on the nanoscale to exploit those properties and functions
Ability to integrate those properties and functions into systems spanning from nano- to micro- to macro-scopic scales
“Anything is nanotechnology that, under the rubric of nanotechnology,makes money.”
Rice Alliance Technology Entrepreneurship Workshop, October 2002
Nanoarea Electron Diffraction of DW Carbon Nanotube – Zuo, et.al
Corral of Fe Atoms – D. Eigler

One Human Hair = 100,000 Nanometers Thick
SUNY-Albany, A. Kaloyeros

Nanotechnology
bulk scaling
R
x
Bulk Gold = Yellow
atomic
Nanogold = Red
Size
Numbers
Surface Area (S/V)
Quantum Effects

Plenty of Room at the Bottom Richard P. Feynman December 1959
www.its.caltech.edu/~feynman/plenty.html

Atomic Force Microscopy
And Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
Binnig & Rohrer – STM 1981
Nobel Prize – 1986!!

Professor Richard E. Smalley1943 - 2005Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996
25th Anniversary of
Buckyball
October 10-12, 2010
6-week summer project in 1985
2-page paper in Nature
- with -
Robert F. Curl
- and -
Harold
Kroto
Carbon-60 Molecule
A.K.A.

C-60
Buckminster-

fullerene

Buckyball

National Nanotechnology ProgramWhite House – November 2003
Lonely Academic

Smalley Institute Vision
We lead the world in solving the most pressing problems of humanity through application of nanotechnology.

Richard E. Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology
*1993 - Conceived by Prof. Richard Smalley &approved by Board of Governors as CNST – 1st in the world
*1993 – Fundraising by Rice ($37M)
*1996 – Curl/Smalley win Nobel Prize in Chemistry
*1997 – New building is dedicated – Dell Butcher Hall
*2002 –New CNST Director arrives at Rice from AFRL
*2005 – Name changed to honor Richard Smalley

Smalley Institute: Virtual Organization Across Rice – 1993 (1st in world!)
Biochem & Cell Biology
History
www.nano.rice.edu
Wade Adams, Director
Vicki Colvin, Co-Director
Carlos Garcia, Director of Administration
John Marsh, Director of Operations
Gloria Funderburg, SEA Operations
Wendi Schoffstall, Coordinator
Addy Saenz, Accounting
140+ faculty members
Anthropology
Chem
Smalley
Institute
Phys
MEMS
CAAM
CEE
BioE
ECE
ChE
Philosophy
Earth Science
Economics
Jones School of Management
Advocate Research External Interactions
Support Faculty IP, Licensing & Start-ups
Raise Funds Local - international Infrastructure meetings
Seminars Symposia
Collaboration Educational Outreach
Nanotech Service
Dell Butcher Hall

There have been more than 30 Rice related start-up companies over the past 8 years (top ten in start-ups/research $)
1. Advanced Biosciences*- (Matsuda)
Advanced Reality* - (Ruths- grad student)
Applied NanoFluorescence- (Weisman)
Aristan Medical - (Athanasiou)
BetaBatt - (Engel)
6. BioSonic – (Liebschner)
7. Cambrios (affiliated company)- (Smalley)
8. CNI (now Unidym)- (Smalley, Hauge, et al.)
9. Desmogen*- (Mikos)
10. Ensysce Biosciences- (Weisman, Wilson)
11. Glycos Biotechnology- (Gonzalez)
12. Houston Medical Robotics- (O’Malley)
13. itRobotics- (Ghorbel)
14. LaserGen (BCM with Rice)- (BCM-Metzger; Rice-Curl)
15. Mass Specific Force- (Weyand)
16. Molecular Electronics Corp. (inactive)- (Tour)
17. MTPE (Museums Teaching Planet Earth) (Reiff)
NanoComposites (Tour)
Nanopartz (Zubarev)
20. NanoRidge (Barrera et al.)
21. Nanospectra Biosciences (West and Halas)
22. Nano 3D Biosciences (Killian and Rafael)
23. NatCore (Barron)
24. NewCyte (Barron)
25. Oxane Materials (Barron)
26. ProMedior (Gomer)
27. Solterra (Wong)
28. Somatogen* -(Olson)
29. Trellis* (affiliated company)- (Gomer)
30. Vanguard Solar – (Barron)
31. Xilas Medical (affiliated company)- (Athanasiou)
Carbon
Nanotechnologies
Incorporated
Nanospectra Biosciences
* inactive

Nano-science & industry report card: what are we missing?
Science &
Expertise
Ready & Able Workforce
Industry
Drive &
Resources
Economic Outcome
Rice

Ideas that are applicable
Proven research ability
Existing knowledge base and Intellectual Property

Energy:
Halliburton
Shell
BP
Aerospace:
Lockheed Martin
Johnson Space Center
Health Sciences:
Nanospectra Biosciences
Market for
&
Delivery of Nano Products
Nano-technology Workforce Gap
Consortia between Academia & Industry
HCCS, UH

Ability to teach
Ability to develop curriculum

Conceive
Develop
Commercialize
Deliver

Nanotechnology Workforce Gap
We are now producing Masters- and Ph.D-level talent in Nanotechnology
We will continue to need that type of talent, but the drive to commercialize will be fueled by technicians
Why? It takes a tremendous number of lab hours to take Ph.D concepts and develop products and scale-up processes from them
The conclusion is simple: without technicians, we will not reach our economic goals in Nanotechnology

How do we close the workforce gap?
Start with the employers! What do you need now? What are you going to need in five years?
Retrain existing employees? Hire new talent?
What levels?
Technician’s Certification
AA
BS, MS, Ph.D
What areas?
Nanomaterials and Characterization
Nanoelectronics
Nanophotonics?

What: build our workforce to match the new jobs in emerging technology
Nanomaterials: producing science and engineering jobs today
Schlumberger needs to hire 6,000 engineers in next 2-3 years; many in Houston
Lockheed Martin ramping up to produce next-generation space vehicles
Both Energy and Aerospace now using nanomaterials
Lockheed Martin and Schlumberger looking for Nano-educated technical workers NOW: if they can’t find the workers in Texas, they will be forced to hire them from the outside or move the jobs out of Texas.
We have a lead in Nano research and early commercialization:
We need Nano-workers so we can take that lead into mainstream industry

Nanotechnology Education in Texas
Nanotechnology Specific Programs
Degrees with Nanotechnology Emphasis

Materials Science
Engineering
Chemistry & Physics
Biosciences & Bioengineering
Environmental Studies
Management & Entrepreneurship

University of Texas
Austin, Arlington, Dallas, Health Science Center Houston, El Paso, San Antonio
University of Houston
Texas A&M
Texas Tech
Rice University

Associates – 2 years
Bachelors – 4 years
Masters – BA/BS +2 years
Doctorates – BA/BS +4-6 years

Nanotechnology Workforce Development Initiative – Dallas area

lay the foundation for a truly innovative and effective partnership to produce a highly qualified and talented workforce for the growing demands of nanotechnology
play a significant role in supplying the workforce necessary to create and deploy the new class of services and products being created by the nanotechnology industry
serve as a model for these community colleges and other nanotechnology companies to develop partnerships to produce the best nanotechnology workers here in Texas, thus giving employers a key competitive advantage against companies located throughout the world

University of Texas – Dallas
Texas State Technical College – Waco
Del Mar College of Corpus Christi
Baylor University
Richland College
Zyvex Corporation
Sematech

Texas Workforce Development
ACC NanoScholar Internship Program
SEMATECH, Austin Community College, Texas State Technical College

Jobs
Nanotechnology Technician
May 12, 2009 recognized by Texas Skills Standards Board
$23.00-30.00 per hour
building, installing, maintaining, repairing
probing and nanolithography systems, supporting nano-scale product development, and manufacturing nano-scale product

Jobs

monster.com
careerbuilder.com
workingin-nanotechnology.com
tinytechjobs.com
nanoguys.com
azonano.com
nanovip.com

Associates Degree
Instrument Manufacturing Technician
Research Technician
Bachelors Degree
Quality Specialist
Production Planning Manager
Mechanical & Electrical Engineers
Training Manager
Operations Manager
Business Coordinator
Masters/Doctorate Degree
Research Fellow
Senior Scientist/Engineer
Professor
Program Director

Smalley Institute Focus
Nano in Energy (AEC++)
NanoHealth (CBEN+ANH+CPINE)
NanoMaterials for Aerospace
SWNT (CNL+)
NanoPhotonics (LANP)
NanoElectronics (Texas NRI, TxAN)
Social/Ethical/Environmental/Toxicological Issues (CBEN+)
Nanoscience/Nanoengineering
Nanoeducation

Even Our Grad Students are Special!
Grad Student Author!!
Rich Booker (Smalley group)
Autographs available!

NanoBusiness Resources

Smalley Institute Client & Collaborative Organizations
“Owned”
By Rice
Rice is
integral
Nanomaterials
Application Center
At Texas State University
San Marcos
Rice is
one of many
participants
HARC
Houston Advanced
Research Center

Provides major equipment to Rice and others
Now supports over 70 instruments
Full spectrum of equipment – TEM to NMR
Recent adds – X-ray and Mass Spec
39 External Users, simple authorization process Pay fair fees for usage
Expert operator time extra,
if needed
Model for NSF, Texas Virtual Lab
Website sea.rice.edu

Center for Biological & Environmental Nanotechnology
Research at the Wet/Dry Interface
Prof. Vicki Colvin
Director
Prof. Richard Smalley
Founding Director
Dr. Kristen Kulinowski
Executive Director
cben.rice.edu
Nanotechnology Workforce Initiative for Houston - NWIH

Nano-Bio: 21st Century Medicine

Medical Diagnosis
Medical Therapeutics
Tissue Replacement

NanoX
How can functional bio-nano objects be used to affect the health of organisms?
Bionanoconjugate
(BNC)

Nanoshell-Assisted Tumor Ablation
20nm
Professors Naomi Halas and Jennifer West

Nanoshell-Assisted TumorAblation
Antibody ligands on nanoshells match receptor sites specific to targeted cancer cells.
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Target
Cancer Cell
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
External Laser
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y

PI: Dr. Jennifer West (Rice Bioengineering)
Dr. Naomi Halas (Rice ECE )
Dr. John Hazle (MDACC)
Investigating use of Rice invention (nanoshells) for highly specific, minimally invasive cancer therapy
Funded by NSF
Licensed by Nanospectra Biosciences, Inc.

Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Nanoshells
Absorb in IR
Demonstrated in Mice
The inside joke is that the treated mice lived much longer than budgeted and have become a financial and accounting embarrassment.

Dr. Mauro Ferrari
Director
Dr. Jason Sakamoto
Chief Operating Officer

The GoodNanoGuide
Protected Internet site on occupational practices for the safe handling of nanomaterials
Multiple stakeholders contribute, share and discuss information
Modern, interactive, up-to-date
http://GoodNanoGuide.org
49

New Corporate Aerospace Research Center
Announced April 2008 – 1st ever for LM Co.
Initial Agreement $1 million/year over three years
Seed money for research projects – those that become promising may “graduate” to Business Area funding – incremental to the $1M/year
Single corporate backer rather than consortium
Includes Rice short courses both technical & info
Lockheed hires 5% of all new US engineers

Space Systems
Materials
Sensors
Power
Nanotechnology in Lockheed Martin

Distributed Sensor Systems
Modeling and Simulation
Integrated Platforms
Ultra Lightweight Structure
Smart Structures

Information Systems and
Global Services
Control Algorithms for Missions
Electronic Systems
Aero
Materials
Materials
Sensors
Sensors
Platforms

U. S. Air Force Research Laboratory University of Texas - DallasUniversity of Texas - AustinUniversity of Texas - ArlingtonUniversity of Texas - Pan AmericanUniversity of Texas - BrownsvilleUniversity of HoustonRice University
CONTACT
Nanotechnology for the Air Force,
Aerospace, and Commerce
Jack Agee,
Executive Director, CONTACT Program
Rice University
jackagee@rice.edu

Humanity’s Top Ten Problemsfor next 50 years
ENERGY
WATER
FOOD
ENVIRONMENT
POVERTY
TERRORISM & WAR
DISEASE
EDUCATION
DEMOCRACY
POPULATION
2003 6.5 Billion People
2050 8-10 Billion People

Global Energy Use
Energy Use (Quadrillion Btu)
Asia & Oceania
United States
Europe
Coal
Eurasia
Oil
87% Fossil Fuels
Gas
Central & South America
Nuclear
Middle East
All Other
Canada & Mexico
Africa
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Quadrillion Btu
1 Quad ~ 1 Exajoule ~ 1 Tcf ~ 170 mmbo (~ 33 GWY)
Data: EIA, October 2007
Scott Tinker – UT Austin BEG

Very Conservative!
World Energy
Estimates of 21st century world energy supplies (billion barrels oil equivalent), with estimated energy demand and world population (2000)

Why Houston MUST care about Nano
Oil & Gas: Hugely important to Texas – economic life-blood of Houston
What do we do when it declines?
We can’t afford to become another Tulsa

Energy @ Rice
00
(zero consumption, zero emissions)
Renewable fuels
Unconventional resources
Enhanced recovery
Dig a hole in the ground
Solar (wind, nuclear)
Transmission (Q-SWNT)
Fuel cells, biofuels
Gas hydrates, tar sands, shale
Sensors, imaging, proppants
Control, corrosion
Long term
Medium term
Near term
Present
Public policy & environmental/health throughout

UT Austin
Rice University
10 Industry Members

BP
BakerHughes
ConocoPhillips
Halliburton
Marathon
Occidental
Schlumberger
Shell
Total
Petrobras

Global Potential of Available Renewables and Fossil Fuels
www.hessen-nanotech.de

Smalley Energy Vision

Why Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes?
MOLECULAR PERFECTION & EXTREME PERFORMANCE
The Strongest Fiber Possible.
Selectable Electrical Properties
Metallic Tubes Better Than Copper
Semiconductors Better Than InSb or GaAs
Thermal Conductivity of Diamond.
The Unique Chemistry of Carbon.
The Scale and Perfection of DNA.
The Ultimately Versatile Engineering Material.

The biggest single challenge for the next few decades:
ENERGY
for 1010 people

At MINIMUMwe need 10 Terawatts (150 M BOE/day)

from some new clean energy source by 2050

For worldwide energy prosperity and peace we need it to be cheap.
We simply can not do this with current technology.
We need Boys and Girls to enter Physical Science and Engineering as they did after Sputnik.
Inspire in them a sense of MISSION

( BE A SCIENTIST --- SAVE THE WORLD )

We need a bold new APOLLO PROGRAM

to find the NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY

Roadblocks
Vision without funding is hallucination.
Da Hsuan Feng – UT Dallas
Vision without hardware is delusion.
Lockheed engineer

From the age of Space to the age of Medicine
Age of Energy?

Rick Smalley with his favorite students: anyone, any age!!

Class of2030

ArchitectureShanghai EXPO 2010
Horst Adams, BAYER

Building & Construction
Horst Adams, BAYER

New horizons in architecture
Horst Adams, BAYER

Nanotechnology solution?

BE A SCIENTIST -- SAVE THE WORLD

BE AN ENGINEER -- SAVE THE WORLD

Rice NanoFANS Members Receive
advance notice of and reserved seating at Smalley Institute seminars and events
improved access to nano research at Rice
invitations to private receptions with faculty and distinguished guests
quarterly e-newsletters highlighting nano at Rice and around the world
event sponsorship opportunities
tours of Rice nano facilities
Rice NanoFANS Members Support
distinguished seminars
awards for outstanding theses
annual events
exceptional undergraduate research
K-12 and continuing education programs
Rice NanoFANSFriends Advancing NanoSciencenano.rice.edu
Aims to educate the public about nanotechnology and its impact on society and to provide a conduit for companies to learn about and integrate nanotechnological advances.